Kukangaki futhi kungani kufanele ushintshe uketshezi lwamabhuleki. Futhi kuyadingeka?

Ngenkathi ungaphansi kwewaranti, wawungavamile ukucabanga ngento ebaluleke kangaka yokuphepha njenge-brake fluid. Kodwa ngeze. Phela nguye owenza amabhuleki emoto asebenze futhi, ngaphandle kwehaba, izimpilo zabantu zincike eqophelweni lakhe nasebuningini bakhe.

Kukangaki udinga ukushintsha "ibhuleki"? Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba enye "yezinhlobo" zayo nenye? Ingabe ngidinga ukugcwalisa noma ukwenza ukushintshwa okuphelele? Futhi indlela yokulinganisa izinga "lokugqoka" we-brake fluid? Ukuze siqonde lezi ngaphezu kwezindaba ezifanele, siqale siqonde imiqondo nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe.

I-Brake fluid iyingxenye yesistimu ye-brake, ngosizo lwamandla akhiqizwa ku-master brake cylinder adluliselwa kumasondo angamasondo.

Ukuze kusebenze kahle izindlela zamabhuleki, uketshezi kufanele lube nenani lezakhiwo ezichazwe ezweni lethu ngokwezinga eliphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni kuyisiko ukusebenzisa i-FMVSS ejwayelekile yezinga laseMelika No. 116, eyasungulwa nguMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-US (uMnyango Wezokuthutha wase-United States). Nguye owabeletha isifinyezo esithi DOT, esesiphenduke igama lasekhaya le-brake fluid. Leli zinga lichaza izici ezifana nezinga le-viscosity; izinga lokushisa elibilayo; ukungabi namakhemikhali kwezinto (isb. irabha); ukumelana nokugqwala; ukuhlala njalo kwezakhiwo emkhawulweni wamazinga okushisa okusebenza; ithuba lokugcotshwa kwezinto ezisebenza ngokuthintana, izinga lokumuncwa komswakama ovela emkhathini ozungezile. Ngokuhambisana ne-FMVSS No. 116 ejwayelekile, izinketho zengxube ye-brake fluid zihlukaniswe ngamakilasi amahlanu, ngalinye lenzelwe uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi ngisho nohlobo lwezindlela zokubopha - i-disc noma isigubhu.

IMINERAL NE-CASTOR

Isisekelo se-brake fluid (kufika ku-98%) yizinhlanganisela ze-glycol. Uketshezi lwamabhuleki lwanamuhla olusekelwe kuzo lungafaka izingxenye ezingafika kweziyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, ezingahlanganiswa zibe ngamaqembu angu-4 ayinhloko: ukugcoba (i-polyethylene ne-polypropylene), okunciphisa ukungqubuzana ezingxenyeni ezihambayo zezinqubo zamabhuleki; i-solvent / diluent (i-glycol ether), lapho iphuzu lokubilisa le-liquid kanye ne-viscosity yalo lincike; ama-modifiers avimbela ukuvuvukala kwezimpawu zenjoloba futhi, ekugcineni, ama-inhibitors alwa nokugqwala kanye ne-oxidation.

I-silicone-based brake fluids iyatholakala. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa izimfanelo ezifana nokungangeni kwamakhemikhali ezintweni eziningi ezisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwemoto; ububanzi bokushisa okusebenzayo - kusuka ku -100 ° kuya ku-350 ° С; ukungaguquguquki kwe-viscosity emazingeni okushisa ahlukene; i-hygroscopicity ephansi.

Isisekelo samaminerali ngendlela yengxube yamafutha e-castor ane-alcohols ehlukahlukene okwamanje ayithandwa ngenxa ye-viscosity yayo ephezulu kanye nephuzu eliphansi lokubilisa. Nokho, yanikeza izinga elihle kakhulu lokuvikela; ulaka oluphansi kumsebenzi wokupenda; izindawo zokugcoba ezinhle kakhulu kanye ne-non-hygroscopicity.

 

UKUDUKA OKUYINGOZI

Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izakhiwo ze-brake fluid azishintshi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngoba zisebenza endaweni evalekile. Lokhu kuwukuduka okuyingozi. Uma ucindezela i-pedal yebhuleki, umoya ungena emigodini yesinxephezelo ohlelweni bese i-brake fluid imunca umswakama kuyo. I-hygroscopicity ye "brake", nakuba iba yingozi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa iyadingeka. Lesi sakhiwo sikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe amaconsi amanzi ohlelweni lwamabhuleki. Uma esengenile, amanzi angabangela ukugqwala nokubanda emazingeni okushisa aphansi, okuthi uma okubi kakhulu kukushiye ungenayo amabhuleki ebusika, futhi lokho kuholela ekugqwaleni nasekulungiseni okubizayo. Kodwa lapho amanzi encibilika ku-brake fluid, iphoyinti layo elibilisa liyancipha futhi i-viscosity iba nkulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi. I-brake fluid equkethe u-3% wamanzi anele ukwehlisa iphuzu layo lokubila lisuka ku-230°C liye ku-165°C.

Ukweqa iphesenti elivumelekile lomswakamo nokwehlisa izinga lokubilisa kungazibonakalisa kuphawu olunjengokuhluleka okukodwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki kanye nokubuyela kwayo ekusebenzeni okufanele. Uphawu luyingozi kakhulu. Ingakhombisa ukwakheka kwesikhiya somoya lapho uketshezi lwebhuleki olunomswakama ophezulu lushisisa ngokweqile. Uma uketshezi lwamabhuleki abilayo seluphole futhi, umhwamuko ubuyela uketshezi futhi nokusebenza kwamabhuleki emoto kuyabuyiselwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "okungabonakali" ukuhluleka kwamabhuleki - ekuqaleni azisebenzi, bese "kuyaphila". Lokhu kuyimbangela yezingozi eziningi ezingachazeki lapho umhloli ebheka amabhuleki, hhayi i-brake fluid, futhi konke kubonakala kusebenza kahle.

Isikhawu sokushintsha uketshezi lwamabhuleki sikhonjiswe emiyalweni yokusebenza kwemoto futhi ngokuvamile sisukela eminyakeni engu-1 kuye kwemi-3, kuye ngohlobo lwayo. Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela isitayela sokushayela. Uma umshayeli enza uhambo njalo, kubalulekile ukubala hhayi isikhathi, kodwa mileage. Kulokhu, ubuningi bempilo yoketshezi ingamakhilomitha ayi-100.

Njengoba u-Alexander Nikolaev, uchwepheshe wesiteshi sesevisi i-TECHTSENTRIK, echaza, “kubashayeli abaningi bezimoto kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-DOT4. Le nhlanganisela itholakala kuzo zonke izimoto zaseYurophu ezivela kumkhiqizi, kuyilapho i-DOT5 isetshenziselwa ukushayela okunolaka. Imunca amanzi kakhulu, okuholela ekugqwaleni. Umshayeli ojwayelekile kufanele ashintshe uketshezi njalo ngemuva kuka-60 000 km noma njalo eminyakeni emi-2, abagijimi balushintshe ngaphambi komjaho ngamunye. Ukushintshwa okungazelelwe kwe-brake fluid kuzoholela ekungeneni komswakama, okubandakanya ukwehluleka kwamasilinda amabhuleki namapiston e-caliper. Ngomthwalo owandayo, ukudluliswa kokushisa kwezinqubo kuphazamiseka, okuzokwenza ukuthi uketshezi lubilise. I-pedal "izobambeka" (ngamathuba aphezulu kakhulu ukuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka ezindaweni ezisezintabeni noma kwinyoka), ama-brake disc "azohola" (ukukhubazeka), okuzozibonakalisa ngokushesha ekushayeni isondo lokuqondisa ku-pedal. .

UNGAFUNI UKUNGCENGISWA KANYE, KODWA UKHISHIWE

Omunye umbono oyiphutha oyingozi ukuthi i-brake fluid ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngokuphelele, kodwa ivele ifakwe phezulu njengoba kudingeka. Eqinisweni, kuyadingeka ukwenza njalo ukushintshwa okuphelele kwe-brake fluid ngenxa yokuthi, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-hygroscopicity. I-brake fluid egugile, uma ixubene noketshezi olusha, ngeke ikwazi ukuphepha, okungaholela ekugqwaleni kwengaphakathi lemoto, ukunensa kwamabhuleki ekufakweni kwe-pedal, kanye ne-vapor lock.

KODWA AKUHLANGANISI?

Indlela elula yokukhetha i-brake fluid ukwethemba amabhrendi. Lokhu akuyona into ebiza kangaka ukulondoloza kuyo. Kungenzeka yini ukwengeza uketshezi, uhlanganise izinhlobo ezahlukene? Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Ochwepheshe abambalwa bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka, kodwa ngobunikazi bengxenye eyisisekelo, batusa ukunamathela emikhiqizweni yenkampani eyodwa. Ukuze ungaphuthelwa, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izixazululo ezine-silicone zizoba nesisekelo se-Silicone (isisekelo se-silicone se-DOT 5); izingxube ezinezakhi zamaminerali ziqokwa njenge-LHM; kanye nokwakhiwa ngama-polyglycols - Hydraulic DOT 5.

Ochwepheshe be-Bosch bakholelwa ukuthi i-brake fluid akufanele ishintshwe kuphela uma iqukethe umswakama ongaphezu kuka-3%. Futhi izinkomba zoshintsho ukulungiswa kwemishini yamabhuleki noma ukungasebenzi isikhathi eside komshini. Yiqiniso, kufanelekile ukuyishintsha uma uthenge imoto emakethe yesibili.

Ngaphezu kokushintshwa okuvamile, isinqumo sokushintsha uketshezi singenziwa ngokuhlola izinga “lokuguga” kwalo kusetshenziswa izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezinquma ukukalwa kwendawo yokubilisa kanye nephesenti lamanzi. Idivayisi - ikhiqizwa izinkampani eziningi, ikakhulukazi i-Bosch, ifakwe ethangini lokunweba le-hydraulic brake system futhi ixhunywe ebhethri yemoto. Iphuzu lokubilisa elilinganisiwe liqhathaniswa namanani amancane avumelekile wamazinga DOT3, DOT4, DOT5.1, ngesisekelo lapho kwenziwa isiphetho mayelana nesidingo sokushintsha uketshezi.