Uzibethela Kanjani Izipikili Ezitini Ngokuphephile (Izindlela Ezi-2)
Okuqukethwe
Ingabe ukhathele udonga lwakho lwesitini olungenalutho?
Izindonga zezitini zingezengezo ezinhle kunoma yiliphi ikhaya, kodwa kuthiwani uma ungenza okwengeziwe? Kuthiwani ngokubethela isipikili ukuze ulengise imihlobiso yakho? Ungakwazi ngisho nokuthatha igxathu eliya phambili ngokunamathisela izinto ezinkulu njengamabhodi okuhlobisa namashalofu awusizo.
Akungabazeki ukuthi ungakwazi ukubethela izipikili zibe izitini, kodwa into esemqoka ukuthi isitini ngeke sibhidlize. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezingenzeka zokushayelela izipikili ngokuphepha ezitini ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuhle bazo.
Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalezi zindlela ezimbili.
Izipikili ze-Masonry zamaphrojekthi amancane
Izipikili ze-Masonry zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ekukhoneni noma ezindongeni zezitini.
Isipikili sokwakha senziwe ngensimbi eqinile emelana nokugoba nokuphuka. Ngokuvamile kuyabonakala ngemisele, imifantu enentambo noma ezungezayo esiza ukushayelela isipikili. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukushumeka phakathi kwamalunga odaka ukuze kuvikelwe noma kusekelwe izinto.
Uzipho lwamatshe lusetshenziswa kangcono kumaphrojekthi amancane, njengokulenga uhlaka lwesithombe.
Isinyathelo 1 - Ukukhetha Izinzipho Ezilungile Zokwakha
Umthetho ojwayelekile wesithupha ukukhetha izinzipho ezingangena odongeni cishe amayintshi angu-1.25 kuya ku-1.5 (3.2 kuya ku-3.8 cm).
Kala ngokucophelela ubukhulu bodonga lwezitini. Isipikili kufanele sikwazi ukushona ngokwanele odongeni ngaphandle kokudabula ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Uma kusebenza, faka ubukhulu bamabhodi noma ezinye izinto ezidinga ukubethelwa lapho kubhekwa uhlobo lwezinzipho zamatshe.
Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Maka izindawo zemigodi
Sebenzisa ipensela ukumaka izindawo okuzobethelwa kuzo.
Izinzipho zamatshe kufanele zishayelelwe kuphela emalungeni odaka (isikhala phakathi kwezitini noma amabhlogo kakhonkolo). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukushayelela izipikili ziqonde ngqo ezitini kungabangela ukuthi ziqhekeke noma ziphuke.
Uma uhlela ukubethela ibhodi lezinkuni odongeni lwezitini, yenza uphawu ebhodini ngokwalo.
Phakamisela ibhodi lezinkuni odongeni. Maka izindawo zezimbobo okumele zibhojwe. Kufanele kube amayintshi angu-18 kuya ku-24 (45.72 kuya ku-60.96 cm) phakathi kwembobo ngayinye. Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yembobo ngayinye ingaphezu kwamajoyinti odaka.
Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Geza izimbobo nge-drill bits
Lungiselela i-masonry bit encane ngobubanzi kunozipho.
Bamba i-drill nge-engeli engu-90-degree odongeni, bese ufaka ngokucophelela i-drill endaweni ephawuliwe. Qhubeka ubhoboza kuze kufinyelele ukujula okufunayo. Donsa i-drill bit ngaphesheya kwetshe ngenkathi lisajikeleza.
Lapho unamathisela ibhodi, shayela ibhodi odongeni lwezitini. Bamba ibhodi linganyakazi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi izimbobo ziklelisiwe.
Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Hambisa izipikili phakathi
Faka isipikili embobeni ebhoboziwe bese usigaxa kahle endaweni.
Qinisekisa ukuthi isipikili siqondaniswe nembobo futhi siqonde phezulu. Sebenzisa isando ukushayelela isipikili odakeni. Kumelwe ingene okungenani ngamasentimitha angu-1.25 (3.2 cm) esixazululweni.
Shayela isipikili kuze kube yilapho ikhanda ligubha odongeni ukuze uvikele amabhodi nezinye izinto odongeni.
Amahange emikhono ezinto ezisindayo
Ihange elinesokhethi i-fastener evikela izinto kukhonkolo noma izindonga zezitini.
Iqukethe isikulufu sehange esinephuzu eligqamile eliyikhonika. Ihange lomkhono lifakwa kukhonkolo; isikulufu sehange sibe sesifakwa ukwandisa umkhono ubheke ngaphandle. Amahange emikhono atholakala ngepulasitiki noma ngensimbi.
Izikhonkwane zemikhono ziyizinto ezikhethwayo zamaphrojekthi amakhulu.
Isinyathelo 1 - Khetha Ihange Elilungile Lomkhono
Uhlobo lwehange elisetshenzisiwe luncike ekusetshenzisweni okuhlosiwe.
Izinhlobo zepulasitiki ezishibhile zamahange emikhono ziqine ngokwanele ukubamba izinto ezingasindi ndawonye. Kodwa ngokuhlobisa okukhulu nezinto zokwakha, ukufakwa kwensimbi kuhlala kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi iyiphi ongayisebenzisa kuphrojekthi yakho, kungcono ukusebenzisa ihange lomkhono wensimbi.
Ukuze ukhethe ubude obulungile behange le-dowel, cabangela ubukhulu besitini nento enamathiselwe.
Isilinganiso esivamile sisebenzisa ihange elingu-0.5 intshi (1.27 cm) ububanzi ukuze lingene odongeni okungenani amayintshi angu-2.25 (5.72 cm). Ungalandela lesi silinganiso esifanayo noma ulinganise ubude obudingekayo ngokukala ukujiya okuphelele kwento nodonga.
Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Maka izindawo zemigodi
Amahange emikhono ahlukile ngoba angafakwa emajoyini odaka noma ngqo ebusweni besitini.
Ibanga phakathi kwehange ngalinye liyisici esibaluleke kakhulu lapho uhlela izindawo zemigodi. Ihange lomkhono lidala umthwalo ongakholeki ezitini. Ukuzibeka eduze kakhulu kubangela ukuthi isitini siwohloke kancane ngenxa yokucindezeleka.
Ibanga elidingekayo phakathi kwepheya ngalinye lamahange liphindwe kashumi ububanzi besikhala.
Ngokwesibonelo, inani lesikhala esidingekayo ukuze ihange elingu-0.5 intshi (1.27 cm) limane nje lingu-10 x 0.5 amayintshi = 5 amayintshi (12.7 cm).
Ibanga elidingekayo phakathi kwehange namachopho ezinto ezinamathiselwe zingamadayamitha amahlanu wesikhala.
Isinyathelo sesi-3 – Bamba izimbobo ngesando sokubhola
Ubukhulu be-masonry bit kufanele bulingane nobubanzi obufana nehange.
Ukujula okudingekayo kokumba kuvame ukucaciswa olwazini lomkhiqizo lomkhono wehange. Eminye imikhono yamahange kufanele ibe nokujula okunembile. Uma lolu lwazi lungekho, bhoboza imbobo engu-0.5 amayintshi (1.27 cm) ukujula kunobude bemikhono yehange.
Gcoba into (uma ikhona) kanye nobuso besitini kuze kufike ukujula okudingekayo.
Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Hlanza imbobo
Yima ngokushesha uma ubona uthuli oluningi nemfucumfucu embobeni ebhoboziwe. (1)
Susa i-drill yesando bese ushiya imbobo ingenalutho. Hlanza imbobo ngomoya ocindezelwe noma uyithulule ngamanzi. Uma ukhetha okwakamuva, gcina amanikiniki athile ukuze uhlanze ukungcola.
Qalisa kabusha ukubhola ngokushesha nje lapho kungekho doti esele.
Isinyathelo sesi-5 - Faka i-Anchor Sleeves
Faka umkhono wesikhonkwane embotsheni ebhoboziwe.
Kufanele ihlale iqinile ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokusonteka noma ukuphenduka. Thepha ngobumnene umkhono wesikhonkwane ngesando kuze kube yilapho usushelela phezulu. Bese ufaka ibhawudi phakathi nendawo yesihlahla.
Isinyathelo sesi-6 - Qinisa Izikulufo Zehange
Qinisa isikulufu sehange size sifike ekugcineni kwesihlahla.
Sebenzisa isikrufu esifanelekile noma i-screwdriver ukuze uvule isikulufu sehange. Isenzo sokuphenduka siphushela umkhono ngaphandle ukuze ubandakanye imiphetho yembobo. Qhubeka uphendulela isikulufu sehange size sivikeleke ngokuqinile ebusweni besitini.
Amathiphu namasu okushayela isipikili esitini
Manje njengoba uyayazi impendulo yokuthi ungakwazi yini ukushayelela isipikili esitini, nanka amanye amathiphu namasu okufanele uwakhumbule.
Inkinga evamile lapho ushayela izipikili esitini usayizi ongalungile we-masonry bit.
Enye indlela enhle ukusebenzisa i-drill bit encane kunosayizi wezinzipho zamatshe noma imikhono yehange. Imbobo isengakwazi ukunwebeka njengoba impahla ishayelwa esitini. Swayipha kalula isando ngamandla anele ukuze uphoqelele okubalulekile embotsheni encane.
Gwema ukusebenzisa i-drill bit enkulu njengoba kunzima kakhulu ukugcwalisa imbobo kunokuyinweba.
Uthuli nemfucumfucu ekhiqizwa lapho kubholwa ezitini kuyingozi ukukuhogela. (2)
Zigcine uphephile ngokugqoka izinto ezifanele zokuphepha. Izibuko zokuphepha kanye nemaski yothuli enhle (okungcono ikhwalithi ye-N95) zanele le phrojekthi. Enye indlela yokukhipha uthuli nemfucumfucu iwukuba njalo uthulule ipayipi endaweni. Ukuchayeka emanzini kunciphisa izinhlayiya futhi kuzivimbela ekuntanteni emoyeni.
Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.
- Indlela yokulenga isithombe odongeni lwezitini ngaphandle kokubhoboza
- Indlela Yokumisa Isando Samanzi Kusistimu Yokufafaza
- Kungenzeka yini ukubhoboza izimbobo ezindongeni zefulethi
Izincomo
(1) uthuli oluningi - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
izihloko/PMC6422576/
(2) izinto eziyingozi - https://osha.europa.eu/en/themes/dangerous-substances
Izixhumanisi zevidiyo
