Jaguar, umlando - Auto Story

Ezemidlalo nobuhle: lawa amandla ezimoto iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-90. ihlombe... Lo mkhiqizo (okuthe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, unompumelelo wokuqopha umlando ku- Amahora angama-24 Le Mans phakathi kwabakhiqizi baseBrithani) usindile kuzo zonke izinkinga zomkhakha wezimoto waseBrithani futhi usengomunye wabambalwa abakwazi ukumelana nemikhiqizo yaseJalimane "ye-premium". Ake sithole umlando wayo ndawonye.

IJaguar, umlando

История ihlombe iqala ngokusemthethweni ngoSepthemba 1922 lapho UWilliam Lions (othanda isithuthuthu) e UWilliam Walmsley (umakhi Umqhubi wezithuthuthu) wabutha wathola ISwallow Stroller Inkampani... Le nkampani, eyayikhethekile ekuqaleni ekukhiqizeni izimoto ezinamasondo amabili, yazuza impumelelo enkulu engxenyeni yesibili yama-20s ngokwakhiwa kwezitolo zomzimba ze U-Austin Sevenkubhekiswe kumakhasimende athanda ukugqama kepha angafuni ukusebenzisa ngokweqile.

Izimoto zokuqala

AbakwaLyons, bekhathele ukusebenza nezimoto ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi, baklama izimoto ezimbili okokuqala futhi bazethula embukisweni wezimoto waseLondon ngo-1931: okutholakele I-SS 1 e I-SS 2 abukeka njenge-premium kepha ayabizi kakhulu. UWalmsley washiya inkampani eminyakeni emithathu kamuva.

Ukushintshwa kwegama

Ngo-1935 igama ihlombe isetshenziswa okokuqala kwi-sedan eqanjwe igama 2.5 SS Jaguar futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uphawu lwaseBrithani lunempumelelo yalo yokuqala kwezemidlalo, lapho iBrithani UJack Harrop onqobayo I-RAC Rally (ukunqoba kwaphindwa ngo-1938) ukushayela eyodwa SS100.

Ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, ukukhiqizwa kwakugxile emabhayisikili ezinqola ezisemaceleni ebutho Lakhe, futhi ekupheleni kwempi, abaphathi banquma ukuthengisa uphiko lwezithuthuthu futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, basuse igama. SSfuthi kufana nalokho okwakusetshenziswa amasosha amaNazi.

I-La XK120

Umshini wokuqala osayine izinguquko ihlombe kuyinto XK120 1948: kuvulwa kusukela injini Injini engu-3.4 emgqeni oyisithupha oyisilinda evumela lokhu ezemidlalo sheshisa uye ku-120 mph (193 km / h: imoto yokukhiqiza esheshayo emakethe).

Le moto yanqoba amakhasimende amaningi futhi yawina imijaho eminingana eYurophu: ngo-1951, unyaka lapho inguqulo evaliwe yaqala khona. I-FHC - U-Ian Appleyard iwina umhlangano weRAC futhi Uhlobo lwe-C (ukugijima imoto nge uzimele we-tubular enemishini efanayo ne-XK120) evumela umkhiqizo ukuthi uzuze impumelelo yawo yokuqala ku Amahora angama-24 Le Mans nge-duet "yaseBrithani" equkethe i- UPeter Walker e UPeter Whitehead.

Lezi zimpumelelo ezimbili ihlombe Iphindaphindwe ngo-1953: umjaho odumile waseFrance wokukhuthazela, nokho, wanqotshwa elinye iqembu laseBrithani (UTony Rollt e UDuncan Hamilton) kanye nemoto esezingeni eliphakeme efakwe okusha ama-disc brakes... Ngonyaka ofanayo, inketho yesithathu XK120: Isinqe se-Drophead.

Uhlobo lwe-D

La Uhlobo-D - imoto yokuqala yomjaho enomklamo we-monocoque - imoto eyenza umlando we-motorsport: ene-fin yangemuva emangalisayo, yawina izinhlelo ezintathu ezilandelanayo Amahora angama-24 Le Mans nabashayeli bezindiza baseBrithani. Owokuqala nge-duet ekwakhiweni UMike Hawthorne e U-Ivor Bueb, okwesibili nge URon Flockhart e UNinian Sanderson kanti eyesithathu ngeFlockhart noBueb. Lokhu kunqoba kwakamuva futhi kungowokugcina "waseBrithani" (izimoto kanye nabagibeli abavela e-United Kingdom) emlandweni walo mjaho obalulekile wokukhuthazela.

Esikhathini esifanayo, simemezela ukunqoba IRally Monte Carlo I-1956 IJaguar Mark VII eholwa abaseBrithani URonnie Adams futhi - mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwe-serial - ukwethulwa XK150, imoto yokuqala yomgwaqo efakwe ku-i ama-disc brakes balethwe ekuqaleni komjaho we-C-Type.

60-е и Uhlobo lwe-E

Ngo-1960, iBritish brand yathatha izintambo I-Daimler bese iya esitshalweni ku UCoventry le nkampani ikhiqiza izinjini. Ngonyaka olandelayo kwaba yithuba lokuqala - e-Geneva Motor Show - imodeli edume kakhulu yalolu hlobo: Uhlobo lwe-E... Njengoba ibhekwa ngu-Enzo Ferrari imoto enhle kunayo yonke eyake yakhiwa, inejubane eliphezulu lika-150 mph (241 km / h) futhi futhi ithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe: amabhuleki ama-disc amane, ifreyimu eyisisekelo nokumiswa okuzimele kwamasondo amane. Amaphuzu akhe abuthakathaka? Ibhokisi legiya, ibanga elide lokubhabha futhi izindawo ayimbozi kakhulu.

Ngo-1963 - ukunqoba kokuqala okukhulu komuntu oyedwa. ihlombe ukushayela umshayeli wangaphandle lapho ungumJalimane UPeter Nocker iwina i-European Touring Car Championship yokuqala nge UMark II kwathi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, kwakhishwa uhlobo olungu-2 + 2 E-Type olwalunamasondo enwetshiwe ukuhlalisa abagibeli ababili ezihlalweni ezingemuva.

Umkhiqizo waseBrithani uphilile: ungomunye wabathandwa kakhulu e-UK kanye nomkhiqizo wangaphandle othandwa kakhulu e-United States. Ngo-1966 yahlanganiswa ne BMC dala IBritish Motor Holdings nangonyaka ozayo UWilliam Lions wesula esikhundleni sokuba yi-CEO.

U-1968 unyaka okwethulwa ngawo esinye isithonjana somkhiqizo. ihlombe -i-flagship XJ (okususa cishe wonke ama-sedans aphelelwe yisikhathi endlini yaseBrithani emakethe) - futhi ngo-1969 umklami womlando UWilliam Haynes (ngangena SS 1934) uthathe umhlalaphansi.

Ama-70's

Umcimbi wokuqala obalulekile wama-70s wenzeka ngo-1971, lapho injini I-5.3 V12 yethulwe ku-E-Type. Ngonyaka olandelayo, injini efanayo - efakwe kuyo XJ - ivumela i-Flagship yaseBrithani ukuthi ibe ukukhiqizwa okusheshayo okuhlala abantu abane emakethe (cishe u-220 km / h). Futhi ngo-1972 (lapho uLyon ethatha umhlalaphansi ngokusemthethweni) kwakhululwa okufana ne-long-wheelbase ye "British" Berlinona (ukulungisa inkinga eyinhloko yale moto: indawo encishisiwe yabagibeli abangemuva), futhi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva - Isigqebhezana se-XJ-Syakhiwe ngesisekelo esifanayo ne- "standard" XJ.

Ama-80's

U-1984 unyaka obalulekile ihlombe... Umkhiqizo waseNgilandi wenziwe wangasese futhi wangena emakethe yamasheya, futhi ngenxa yamaBrithani, sekunqotshwe imidlalo emibili emikhulu yezemidlalo. UTom Walkinshaw и I-XJS, abawine i-European Touring Car Championship kanye - neqembu elihlanganisa namaJalimane UHans Heyer futhi kusuka esiNgisini UVin Percy - kusuka Amahora angu-24 e-spa... NgoFebhuwari 1985, wanyamalala. UWilliam Lions.

Phakathi kwengxenye yesibili yama-80s nokuqala kwama-90s, umkhiqizi waseBrithani uthole impumelelo eminingi yezemidlalo esigabeni ukukhuthazela: ngo-1987, kufika uMqhudelwano Wokuqala Womhlaba Wezemidlalo Ama-Prototypes (enongwe ngokunqoba kweBrazil URaoul Bosel), impumelelo yaphindwa ngo-1988 (kusuka esiNgisini. UMartin Brandl iqhawe lomhlaba phakathi kwabashayeli) futhi ngenxa yokunqoba Amahora angama-24 Le Mans waletha ekhaya umDashi UJan Lammers futhi i-british UJohnny Dumfries e U-Andy Wallace... Ngawo lowo nyaka uBosel, uBrandl, uLammers noDane UJohn Nielsen bayawina Amahora angu-24 eDaytona.

Ukuya kwaFord

Ku-1989 ihlombe kutholakele Ford kepha ukuzibophezela kwezemidlalo akupheli: ngo-1990 I-XJR-12 ukunqoba Amahora angama-24 Le Mans noBrandl, Nielsen kanye nowaseMelika Inani Cobb kanye nemoto efanayo - kulokhu ishayelwa uLammers, uWallace kanye neYankee ULwandle uDeveli - iwina amahora angama-24 e-Daytona. Impumelelo yokugcina ebalulekile yezemidlalo yomkhiqizi waseBrithani ihlehlela emuva ku-1991: ukunqoba kuma-World Sports Prototypes kanye nesicoco somhlaba sethu. UTheo Fabi.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial kweshumi leminyaka elidlule lekhulu lama-XNUMX kuyabona isupercar XJ220 kusukela ngo-1992 (injini 3.5 V6 iwele turbo eline-542 hp nejubane eliphezulu lika-335 km / h), imoto yezemidlalo emnandi XK8 kanye ne-flagship Uhlobo lwe-S, udadewethu omncane XJ Isitayela se-Retro.

Inkulungwane yesithathu yeminyaka

Ku-2000 ihlombe ngena F1: Uhlala eseSekisini kuze kube ngu-2004, kepha uthola ama-podiums amabili kuphela nomshayeli waseBrithani. U-Eddie Irwin... Kungcono izimoto zomgwaqo: uhlobo X lwe-sedan 2001 - eyakhelwe esitezi esisodwa nge Ford Mondeo imoto yokuqala yohlobo lwaseBrithani A idrayivu enamasondo amane futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva (lapho kwethulwa khona i- inqola yesiteshi e udizili) futhi iba eyokuqala phambi-wheel drive.

Le modeli ikhombisa imiphumela emihle ekuthengisweni, kepha inethonya ku-brand crest: ukuzalwa kabusha kuza ngonyaka we-2007. XF, indlalifa yohlobo lwe-S, ebonakala ngesitayela sesimanjemanje nenguquko, ivuselelwe ngenxa I-XJ X351 2009 maphakathi (ngo-2008) ukuthengwa komkhiqizo ngamaNdiya anti.

Ngokuqondene namamodeli asayiniwe wakamuva ihlombe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungasho ezemidlalo F-Uhlobo 2013 no i-berlin 2015, ngeplatifomu ku aluminium e, umehluko ngu-dell'antenata X-Type, a idrayivu yangemuva.