| Okuqukethwe |
|---|
| Umbhubhisi wamathangi i-T-IV | | Incazelo yobuchwepheshe | | Izikhali kanye ne-optics | | Ukulwa nokusetshenziswa. TTX |
Umbhubhisi wamathangi "Jagdpanzer" IV,
I-JagdPz IV (Sd.Kfz.162) Le yunithi ezishayelayo yathuthukiswa ngo-1942 ukuze kuqiniswe ukuzivikela kwe-anti-tank, eyakhiwe ngesisekelo sethangi le-T-IV futhi yayinomkhumbi oshiselwe ophansi kakhulu onokuthambekela okunengqondo kwamapuleti angaphambili nangaseceleni. Ubukhulu bezikhali zangaphambili zanda cishe isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhali zethangi. Igumbi lokulwa kanye negumbi lokulawula laliphambi kokufakwa, indawo yamandla yayingemuva kwayo. Umbhubhisi ithangi ubehlome ngesibhamu se-anti-tank esingu-75 mm esinomphongolo ongama-calibers angu-48, esasifakwe ethuluzini lomshini endaweni yokulwa. Ngaphandle, isibhamu sasimbozwe isifihla-buso esikhulu.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikelwa kwezikhali zezinhlangothi, izikrini ezengeziwe zafakwa kuyunithi ezishayelayo. Njengendlela yokuxhumana, yasebenzisa isiteshi somsakazo kanye ne-intercom yethangi. Ekupheleni kwempi, ingxenye ye-tank 75 mm ubude bomphongolo obungama-calibers angu-70 yafakwa, efana naleyo efakwe ethangini le-T-V Panther, kodwa lokhu kwaba nomthelela omubi ekuthembekeni kwe-undercarriage, ngaphambili. amarola awo abesevele egcwele ngokweqile ngenxa yokugudluza isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi siye phambili. Umbhubhisi wamathangi wakhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-1942 no-1943. Sekukonke, kwakhiqizwa imishini engaphezu kuka-800. Ayesetshenziswa kumayunithi alwa namathangi okuhlukaniswa kwamathangi. NgoDisemba 1943, ngesisekelo sethangi le-PzKpfw IV eliphakathi, kwasungulwa i-prototype ye-self-propelled artillery mount, umbhubhisi we-IV tank. Ekuqaleni, lesi sibhamu esizishayelayo sadalwa njengohlobo olusha lwesibhamu sokuhlasela, kodwa ngokushesha saqala ukusetshenziswa njengesibhubhisi ithangi. I-base tank chassis yahlala ingashintshile. I-Tank Destroyer IV yayinekhabethe elisezingeni eliphansi, elihlome ngokuphelele elinohlobo olusha lwengubo ekhonjiwe, lapho kwafakwa khona isibhamu esiyi-75 mm Pak39 anti-tank. Imoto yahlukaniswa ukuhamba okufanayo nethangi lesisekelo, kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa kwesikhungo se-gravity ukuya phambili kuholele ekulayisheni ngokweqile kwamarola angaphambili. Ngo-1944, iFomag yakhiqiza izimoto ezingama-serial ezingama-769 nama-chassis angama-29. NgoJanuwari 1944, ababhubhisi bokuqala be-serial bangena esigabeni sikaHermann Goering, esalwa e-Italy. Njengengxenye yezigaba ezilwa namathangi, balwa kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Kusukela ngoDisemba 1944, inkampani ye-Fomag yaqala ukukhiqiza inguqulo yesimanje yesibhubhisi ithangi le-IV, ehlome ngenganono emide engu-75 mm Pak42 L / 70, eyafakwa ku-Panther medium tank. Ukwenyuka kwesisindo sokulwa semoto kuhilele isidingo sokushintsha amasondo omgwaqo anenjoloba ngaphambili kufakwa awensimbi. Izibhamu ezizishayelayo zazifakwe nesibhamu somshini we-MG-42, lapho kwakungenzeka khona ukudubula ngembobo yokudubula ku-hatch ye-loader. Kamuva izimoto zokukhiqiza zazinama-roller asekelayo amathathu kuphela. Naphezu kwezikhali ezinamandla kakhulu, amamodeli anesibhamu sethangi lePanther ayeyisixazululo esidabukisayo ngenxa yesisindo esiningi somnsalo.
I-“Jagdpanzer” IV/70(V) yochungechunge lokuqala Kusukela ngo-August 1944 kuya ku-March 1945, i-Fomag yakhiqiza amathangi angu-930 IV/70 (V). Amayunithi okuqala okulwa athola izibhamu ezintsha ezizishayelayo kwakungamabutho amathangi e-105 kanye ne-106 alwa eWestern Front. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, u-Alkett wanikeza inguqulo yakhe yesibhubhisi ithangi IV. Imoto yakhe - IV / 70 (A) - yayinekhabethe elihlomile eliphakeme elihluke ngokuphelele kunelenkampani yakwaFomag, futhi inesisindo esingamathani angama-28. Izibhamu ezingama-IV / 70 (A) ezizishayelayo zakhiqizwa ngobuningi kusukela ngo-August. I-Tank Destroyer IV 1944 kuya ku-March 1945. Sekukonke kukhiqizwe amayunithi angama-278. Mayelana namandla okulwa, ukuvikelwa kwezikhali, isikhungo samandla kanye negiya lokugijima, izibhamu ezizishayelelayo ze-o6 zokuguqulwa kwazo zazifana ngokuphelele. Izikhali ezinamandla zabenza baduma kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezilwa namathangi e-Wehrmacht, ezathola zombili lezi zimoto. Zombili izibhamu ezizishayelayo zasetshenziswa ngenkuthalo empini esigabeni sokugcina sempi.
"Jagdpanzer" IV/70(V) uchungechunge lwakamuva, lwakhiqizwa ngo-1944 - ekuqaleni kuka-1945 NgoJulayi 1944, uHitler wayala ukuba kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi e-PzKpfw IV, esikhundleni salokho kuhlelwe ukukhiqizwa kwezibhubhisi zamathangi ze-Jagdpanzer IV/70. Kodwa-ke, u-Inspector General we-Panzerwaffe u-Heinz Guderian wangenelela kulesi simo, owayekholelwa ukuthi izibhamu ezizimele ze-StuG III zibhekana nemisebenzi yokulwa namathangi futhi zingafuni ukulahlekelwa "ezine" ezithembekile. Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhululwa kombhubhisi ithangi kwenziwa ngokulibaziseka futhi wathola isidlaliso esithi "Guderian Ente" ("Iphutha likaGuderian"). Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PzKpfw IV kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kuncishiswe ngoFebhuwari 1945, futhi wonke ama-hulls aselungile ngaleso sikhathi kufanele athunyelwe ukuze aguqulwe abe yizibhubhisi zamathangi ze-Jagdpanzer IV/70(V). (A) kanye (E). Kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kancane kancane kushintshwe amathangi ngezibhamu ezizishayelayo. Uma ngo-August 1944 kwakuhlelwe ukukhiqiza 300 izibhamu self-propelled amathangi 50, ngo-January 1945 isilinganiso kufanele ibe isibuko. Ngo-February 1945, kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kukhiqizwe kuphela i-Jagdpanzer IV/350(V) engu-70 kuphela, futhi ekupheleni kwenyanga kube yingcweti ekukhiqizeni i-Jagdpanzer IV/70(E).
“Jagdpanzer” IV/70(V) inguqulo yokugcina, inguqulo ka-March 1945 Kodwa kakade ehlobo lika-1944, isimo emikhawulweni yaba inhlekelele kangangokuthi kwakudingeka ubuyekeze izinhlelo ngokushesha. Ngaleso sikhathi, umkhiqizi kuphela wesitshalo "esine" "Nibelungen Werke" wathola umsebenzi wokuqhubeka nokukhiqizwa kwamathangi, okuletha ezingeni lezimoto ezingu-250 ngenyanga. Ngo-September 1944, izinhlelo zokukhiqiza ze-Jagdpanzer zashiywa, futhi ngo-Okthoba 4, ikhomishana yamathangi yoMnyango Wezempi yamemezela lokho. ukuthi kusukela manje ukukhishwa kuzokhawulelwa ezinhlotsheni ezintathu kuphela ze-chassis: 38(1) kanye no-38(d). "Panther" II futhi "Tiger" II.
I-Prototype "Jagdpanzer" IV/70(A), okuhlukile ngaphandle kwesikrini NgoNovemba 1944, inkampani ye-Krupp yasungula iphrojekthi yesibhamu esizishayelayo ku-chassis Jagdpanzer IV / 70 (A), kodwa ehlome ngenganono engu-88 mm 8,8 cm KwK43 L / 71. Isibhamu sasimiswe ngokuqinile, ngaphandle kwendlela yokukhomba evundlile. Ingxenye engaphambili ye-hull ne-cabin yaklanywa kabusha, isihlalo somshayeli kwadingeka siphakanyiswe. "Jagdpanzer" IV/70. ukuguqulwa nokukhiqizwa.Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-serial, ukuklama komshini kwashintshwa. Ekuqaleni, izimoto zakhiqizwa ngama-roller amane ahlanganiswe nerabha. Kamuva, kwasetshenziswa ama-all-metal rollers, futhi ngokushesha inani lawo lancipha laba mathathu. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi, izimoto zayeka ukumbozwa nge-zimmerite. Ekupheleni kuka-1944, ipayipi le-exhaust lashintshwa, lihlomisa isivimbi somlilo, esivamile ku-PzKpfw IV Sd.Kfz.161/2 Ausf.J. Kusukela ngo-November 1944, izidleke ezine zabekwa ophahleni lwendlu ukuze kufakwe i-crane engamathani angu-2. Ukuma kwekhava yekhompathithi yamabhuleki ngaphambili kwekesi kushintshile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimbobo zokungenisa umoya ezimbozweni zasuswa. Amacici okudonsa aqinisiwe. Isisitho selanga sendwangu singanwetshwa phezu kwendawo yokulwa ukuze kuvikelwe emvuleni. Zonke izimoto zithole isiketi esiseceleni esingu-5 mm esijwayelekile ("Schuerzen").
Iphrojekthi yezikhali “Jagdpanzer” IV/70 enesibhamu esingu-88 mm Pak 43L/71 Ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwamasondo omhlahlandlela we-Jagdpanzer IV, ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari-ekuqaleni kuka-March 1945, amasondo avela ku-PzKpfw IV Ausf.N. Ukwengeza, le mishini yayinezimbobo zokukhipha umoya futhi nomklamo wekhava obonakalayo ophahleni lwendlu yashintshwa. Ukukhiqizwa kwamathangi ababhubhisi "Jagdpanzer" IV / 70 kwakuhlelwe ukuthi kusetshenziswe ebhizinisini lenkampani "Vogtlandische Maschinenfabrik AG" ePlauen, eSaxony. Ukukhishwa kwaqala ngo-August 1944. Ngo-August, kwahlanganiswa izimoto ezingu-57. Ngo-September, ukukhululwa kwaba izimoto 41, futhi ngo-October 1944 kwafinyelela 104 izimoto. NgoNovemba nangoDisemba 1944, i-178 kanye ne-180 Jagdpanzer IV/70s yakhiqizwa, ngokulandelana.
I-“Jagdpanzer” IV/70(A) enamarola amabili anokumuncwa ukushaqeka kwangaphakathi
kanye nezikrini ze-mesh NgoJanuwari 1945, ukukhiqizwa kwanda kwaba yizimoto ezingu-185. Ngo-February, ukukhiqizwa kwehle kwaba yizimoto ezingu-135, kwathi ngo-March yehla yafinyelela ku-50. Ngo-March 19, 21 no-23, 1945, izitshalo zasePlauen zaqhunyiswa ngamabhomu amakhulu futhi zacekeleka phansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlaselwa kwamabhomu kwenziwa kosonkontileka, isibonelo, enkampanini ethi "Zahnradfabrik" eFriedrichshafen, eyakhiqiza ama-gearbox. Sekukonke, amasosha akwazi ukukhulula i-930 Jagdpanzer IV/70(V) kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwempi. Ngemva kwempi, izimoto eziningana zathengiswa eSiriya, mhlawumbe ngokusebenzisa USSR noma Czechoslovakia. Izimoto ezithunjiwe zazisetshenziswa emabuthweni aseBulgaria naseSoviet. I-Chassis "Jagdpanzer" IV/70(V) yayinezinombolo kububanzi obungu-320651-321100. |
Le yunithi ezishayelayo yathuthukiswa ngo-1942 ukuze kuqiniswe ukuzivikela kwe-anti-tank, eyakhiwe ngesisekelo sethangi le-T-IV futhi yayinomkhumbi oshiselwe ophansi kakhulu onokuthambekela okunengqondo kwamapuleti angaphambili nangaseceleni. Ubukhulu bezikhali zangaphambili zanda cishe isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhali zethangi. Igumbi lokulwa kanye negumbi lokulawula laliphambi kokufakwa, indawo yamandla yayingemuva kwayo. Umbhubhisi ithangi ubehlome ngesibhamu se-anti-tank esingu-75 mm esinomphongolo ongama-calibers angu-48, esasifakwe ethuluzini lomshini endaweni yokulwa. Ngaphandle, isibhamu sasimbozwe isifihla-buso esikhulu.
