Umlando wohlobo lweLincoln

Umkhiqizo weLincoln ufana nokunethezeka nobukhulu. Akubonakali kaningi emigwaqeni, ngoba lolu hlobo lokunethezeka lwenzelwe ingxenye yomphakathi ecebile kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kwenzelwe uku-oda, futhi umlando womkhiqizo uqobo uthatha izimpande zawo ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule.

Umkhiqizo ungolunye lwezigaba ezikhathaza abakwaFord Motors. Indlunkulu itholakala eDyborn.

UHenry Leland wasungula le nkampani ngo-1917, kodwa inkampani yakhula ngo-1921. Lona kanye igama lenkampani lihlotshaniswa negama likaMongameli wase-United States u-Abraham Lincoln. Ekuqaleni, inkambu yomsebenzi kwaba ukukhiqizwa amayunithi amandla zezindiza ezempi. U-Leland udale i-V-injini, eyaguqulwa yaba yiLincoln V8, ingane yokuqala yesigaba sokunethezeka. Ukushoda kwemali, ngenxa yokushoda kwezimoto, kuholele ekutheni inkampani ithengwe nguHenry Ford, obehlala kwenye yezindawo eziseqhulwini ezimakethe zezimoto zaseMelika.

Isikhathi eside, i-Cadillac yayiwukuphela komncintiswano, ngoba bambalwa kuphela ababenikezwe "inala yokunethezeka" ngaleso sikhathi.

Ngemva kokushona kukaLeland, igatsha lenkampani ladluliselwa endodaneni kaHenry Ford, u-Edsel Ford.

Izikhulu ezikhethekile zikahulumeni wase-US zasebenzisa izinsizakalo zikaLincoln ukubanikeza izimoto zikanokusho, futhi lokhu kwaqinisekisa ukuzimela kwezezimali kuFord.

Lapho kuklanywa amayunithi anamandla endiza, umbuzo wezinto zobuchwepheshe bezimoto ezizayo wehlisiwe. Futhi ngo-1932 imodeli yeLincoln KB yaqala ukubonakala, inophiko lwamandla angu-12-cylinder, kwathi ngo-1936 kwaqalwa imodeli yeZephyr, eyayibhekwa njengebhajethi kakhulu futhi yakwazi ukukhulisa ukufuneka komkhiqizo kuze kube kasishiyagalolunye futhi cishe iminyaka emihlanu ngaphambi komthwalo osindayo wempi.

Kepha, ngemuva kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, ukukhiqizwa kwaqhubeka, kwathi ngo-1956 wakhululwa uNdunankulu waseLincoln.

Ngemuva kwawo-1970, ukwakheka kwamamodeli kwashintshwa. Ukwehlisa izindleko zezimoto, ngenxa yegagasi lezingqinamba zezimali, kwathathwa isinqumo sokubhekela ukufana ngokulingana namamodeli enkampani yabazali iFord. Futhi kuze kube ngu-1998 inkampani ibibandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni ukuguqulwa kwemishini yenkampani yabazali.

Ngo-1970-1980, amaphrojekthi amaningi akhiqizwa, ngemuva kwalokho inkampani yamisa ukuthuthukiswa cishe iminyaka eyishumi nambili.

Uchungechunge lwezinguquko ekukhiqizeni iLincoln lubuyele ezingeni lokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zikanokusho. Inkinga yezomnotho yango-2006 yaphoqa le nkampani ukuba izibuse futhi ikwazi ukuzimela, okuyisindise kakhulu emthwalweni wezezimali.

Esikhathini esisuka ku-2008 kuye ku-2010, inkampani idlulisele uhla lwayo lwemisebenzi emakethe yasekhaya yaseMelika.

Umsunguli

UHenry Leland uhlotshaniswa nemikhiqizo emibili edumile eyamlethela udumo emhlabeni wonke, kanti umsunguli waseMelika wazalwa ngo-1843 eBurton emndenini olimayo.

Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngeminyaka yokuqala kaLeland, kepha kwanele ukuthi wayethanda ukucubungula ubuchwepheshe, wayenamakhono afana nokuhluka, ukunemba nokubekezela, okwadlala indima ebalulekile njengomdali ngokuzayo.

Njengomuntu omdala, ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango yaseMelika, uHenry wasebenza embonini yezikhali. Ngokuqhubeka nokuhamba nge-vector oyifunayo, uHenry Leland wathola umsebenzi embonini yobunjiniyela njengomakhenikhi wokuklama. Le ndawo imsebenzele kakhulu, yena uqobo wadala futhi wenza zanamuhla zonke izinhlobo zezinqubo, wanaka imininingwane emihle kakhulu, ebala konke ngemininingwane emincane kakhulu, nayo eyamlethela isipiliyoni esibaluleke kakhulu. Umsebenzi wakhe waqala ngezinto ezincane kangako. Impumelelo yakhe yokuqala kwaba isiqeshana sezinwele sikagesi.

Isipiliyoni namakhono kwamshukumisela ukuba akhuphukele esigabeni somsebenzi futhi kungekudala uLeland wanquma ukuqala ibhizinisi lakhe. Ngemibono eminingi, kepha ukuswela kwezezimali, uHenry uvula inkampani nomngani wakhe uFaulkner. Le nkampani yaqanjwa ngokuthi yiLeland & Faulcner. Imininingwane yebhizinisi yayihluke kakhulu: kusuka ezingxenyeni zebhayisikili kuya kunjini ye-steam. Ngendlela esezingeni elifanele ku-oda ngalinye, uHenry waqala ukuphendukela kumakhasimende, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezimoto nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, ngoba kulesi sikhathi imboni yezimoto yayisanda kuqala.

Ukuqala kwekhulu lama-20 kwaba impumelelo enkulu yamandla kaHenry Leland. Ngemva kokuhlelwa kabusha kwenkampani kaHenry Ford enkampanini enegama elisha, elibizwa ngokuthi isikhulu saseFrance - u-Antoine Cadillac, umklamo wemoto yeCadillac, imodeli A, wenziwa kanye noHenry Ford. Imoto ibifakwe injini edumile, esungulwe nguLeland.

Ukuphelela kukaLeland ngokuningiliziwe kwaletha udumo olukhulu ngemodeli yakhe yesibili, i-1905 Cadillac D. Kwaba ukuqhuma embonini yezimoto yangaleso sikhathi, kwabeka imodeli phezu kwesisekelo.

Ngo-1909, uCadillac waba yingxenye yeGeneral Motors, nomsunguli uDurant, owaqokwa njengomongameli. Ngesikhathi sokungezwani noDurant mayelana nokusungulwa kwezinjini zezindiza zamasosha, uLeland uthola u-cha ohlukile, okwamenza ukuthi ehle esikhundleni sobumengameli ashiye inkampani.

Ngo-1914 uLeland wasungula i-V-engine, nayo eyaba yintuthuko eMelika.

Uthola inkampani entsha enabasebenzi baseCadilac abamshiya ngemuva bayibiza ngegama lika-Abraham Lincoln. Le nkampani ikhiqize inani elinyantisayo lama-powertrains wezindiza zezempi. Ngemuva kokuphela kwempi, uHenry waphinde wathatha imboni yezimoto futhi wakha imoto eyisibonelo enenjini yezindiza i-V8.

Lapho esezidlulele, ewenzile umkhakha wezimoto, abaningi abayiqondisanga imodeli yemoto ngaleso sikhathi, kwakungekho sidingo esithile futhi inkampani yazithola isesimweni esinzima sezezimali.

UHenry Ford wathenga uLincoln, lapho, okwesikhashana, uHenry Leland wayesenamandla okuphatha. Ngesisekelo sezingxabano zokukhiqiza phakathi kukaFord noLeland, uHenry wokuqala, ekubeni engumnikazi ogcwele, waphoqa omunye ukuthi abhale incwadi yokwesula.

UHenry Leland washona ngo-1932 eneminyaka engama-89.

Isifanekiselo

Umbala wesiliva welogo ufana nobukhazikhazi nengcebo, kanti inkanyezi yaseLincoln enamaphoyinti amane, okuyisibonakaliso uqobo, inemibono eminingi.

Owokuqala ukhombisa ukuthi imishini kufanele yaziwe kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba. Lokhu kuboniswa yisithonjana sesibonakaliso ngesimo sekhampasi enemicibisholo.

Enye ikhombisa "Inkanyezi kaLincoln", efanekisela indikimba yasezulwini, ehlotshaniswa nobukhulu bophawu lokuhweba.

Umbono wesithathu uthi akukho umthwalo we-semantic kulesi sibonakaliso.

Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto

Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili, ngemuva kwamamodeli weLincoln KB kanye neZephyr, ukukhiqizwa kweLincoln Continental MarK VII kwaqala ngonyaka we-1984 ngomzimba we-aerodynamic, anti-lock braking system, ukumiswa komoya nekhompyutha yohambo, okwenza okunye kwaba impumelelo. Imoto ibisesigabeni esiphambili. Imodeli entsha yale nguqulo yakhululwa ngo-1995 futhi ifakwe injini engu-8-cylinder.

Ngesisekelo senjini efanayo ne-Continental, imodeli edonsa ngamasondo eLincoln Town Car yakhiwa, obekuyindlela enhle impela.

ILincoln Navigator SUV, eyakhishwa ngo-1997, iklonyeliswa ngobuningi bokunethezeka. Ukuthengisa kukhuphuke kakhulu futhi kungakapheli neminyaka embalwa imodeli eyenziwe kabusha yethulwa.