Umlando wohlobo lwemoto iLamborghini

Kuyo yonke inkathi yokuba khona kwayo, futhi lokhu sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-57, inkampani yase-Italy iLamborghini, eye yaba yingxenye yokukhathazeka okukhulu, izuze idumela njengophawu lomhlaba wonke oluyalela inhlonipho yabancintisana nabo kanye nokujabula kwabalandeli izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamamodeli - kusuka kuma-roadsters kuya kuma-SUV. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka yize ukuthi umkhiqizo uqale cishe ekuqaleni futhi wawusuzonqamuka izikhathi eziningana. Siphakamisa ukuthi silandele umlando wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ophumelele oxhumanisa amagama ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqoqwa kwawo namagama ezinkunzi ezidumile ezibamba iqhaza ekulweni nezinkunzi.

Umdali wezimoto zezemidlalo ezimangazayo nombono wakhe ekuqaleni babebhekwa njengabasangene, kepha uFerruccio Lamborghini wayengenandaba nemibono yabanye. Ngenkani walandela iphupho lakhe futhi, ngenxa yalokho, wanikeza umhlaba imodeli eyingqayizivele nenhle, eyathuthukiswa kamuva, yashintshwa, kepha ngasikhathi sinye yagcina idizayini eyingqayizivele.

Umqondo wokukhalipha wokuvula iminyango yesikele ngokuqonde phezulu, manje esetshenziswa ngabakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto zezemidlalo, ibizwa ngokuthi "iminyango ye-lambo" futhi isiphenduke uphawu lomkhiqizo ophumelelayo wase-Italy.

Njengamanje, i-Automobili Lamborghini SpA, ngaphansi kwe-Audi AG, iyingxenye yokukhathazeka okukhulu kweVolkswagen AG, kodwa inendlunkulu yayo edolobheni elincane lesifundazwe iSant'Agata Bolognese, okuyingxenye yesifunda sokuphatha i-Emilia Romagna. Futhi lokhu kumakhilomitha ayi-15 ukusuka edolobheni laseMaranello, lapho ifektri edumile yezimoto zomjaho - iFerrari izinze khona.

Ekuqaleni, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zabagibeli bekungafakwanga ezinhlelweni zikaLamborghini. 

Ibhizinisi lalibandakanyeka kuphela ekwakhiweni kwemishini yezolimo, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana, imishini yefriji yezimboni. Kepha ukuqala ngama-60s wekhulu elidlule, ukuqondiswa kwemisebenzi yefektri kwashintsha kakhulu, okwaba yisiqalo sokukhishwa kwezitimela ezinkulu ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu.

Amandla okusungula inkampani ngekaFerruccio Lamborghini, owayedume ngokuba ngusomabhizinisi ophumelelayo. Usuku olusemthethweni lwesisekelo se-Automobili Lamborghini SpA lubhekwa ngoMeyi 1963. Impumelelo yeza ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhishwa kwekhophi yokuqala, eyabamba iqhaza embukisweni waseTurin ngo-Okthoba wonyaka ofanayo. Kwakuyisibonelo seLamborghini 350 GT esangena ekukhiqizweni kochungechunge kungakapheli unyaka.

Isibonelo seLamborghini 350 GT

Ngokushesha, akukhishwanga imodeli engathandeki kangako iLamborghini 400 GT, ukuthengiswa okuphezulu okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kweLamborghini Miura, eyaba uhlobo "lwekhadi lokuvakasha" lomkhiqizo.

Ubunzima bokuqala uLamborghini abhekana nabo eminyakeni yama-70s, lapho umsunguli weLamborghini kwadingeka athengise isabelo sakhe somsunguli (ukukhiqizwa kogandaganda) kubancintisana naye - iFiat. Lesi senzo besiphathelene nokonakala kwenkontileka lapho iNingizimu Melika yathembisa ukwamukela inqwaba yezimoto. Manje ogandaganda abangaphansi komkhiqizo weLamborghini bakhiqizwa yiSame Deutz-Fahr Group SpA

Iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa yekhulu elidlule yaletha impumelelo enkulu kanye nenzuzo embonini yaseFerruccio. Yize kunjalo, uthathe isinqumo sokuthengisa amalungelo akhe njengomsunguli, okokuqala iningi (ama-51%) kumtshali-zimali waseSwitzerland uGeorges-Henri Rosetti, kanti abanye bashiya kumuntu wakubo uRene Leimer. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isizathu salokhu kwaba ukungabi nandaba kwendlalifa - uTonino Lamborghini - ekukhiqizeni izimoto.

Khonamanjalo, inkinga yomhlaba kaphethiloli nezezimali iphoqe abanikazi beLamborghini ukuba bashintshe. Isibalo samakhasimende besincipha ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokulethwa kwezimpahla, obekuthembela ezingxenyeni ezingenisiwe ezivela kwamanye amazwe, nazo ezingabanjwanga isikhathi esinqunyiwe. 

Ukuchibiyela isimo sezezimali, kwavunyelwana ngesivumelwano neBMW, ngokuya ngokuthi uLamborghini wazibophezela kanjani ukulungisa imoto yabo yezemidlalo nokuqala ukukhiqizwa. Kodwa le nkampani ibisishoda kakhulu isikhathi sokuba "ngumondli", ngoba ukunakwa okuningi nezimali kukhokhelwe imodeli yayo entsha iCheetah (Cheetah). Kepha inkontileka yanqanyulwa, yize ukwakhiwa nokwakhiwa kweBMW kwaqedwa.

Abalandela uLamborghini kwadingeka bafake izicelo zokuqothuka ngo-1978. Ngokwesinqumo senkantolo yamaNgisi, inkampani yafakwa endalini futhi yathengwa ngabaseSwitzerland - abafowethu bakwaMimram, abanikazi beMimran Group. Futhi ngo-1987 iLamborghini yadlula ifa likaChrysler (Chrysler). Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kamuva, lo zimali akakwazanga ukubhekana nomthwalo wezezimali, futhi ngemuva kokushintsha omunye umnikazi, umkhiqizi wase-Italy wagcina evunyelwe ekukhathazekeni okukhulu iVolkswagen AG njengengxenye yezinyawo zakhe ze-Audi.

Ngenxa kaFerruccio Lamborghini, umhlaba wabona izigqoko eziyingqayizivele zomklamo oyingqayizivele, ezisathandwa nanamuhla. Kukholakala ukuthi bambalwa kuphela abakhethiwe abangaba ngabanikazi bemoto - abantu abaphumelelayo nabazethembayo.

Ngonyaka we-12 wenkulungwane entsha yeminyaka, kwavunyelwana ngesivumelwano phakathi kweBurevestnik Group neLamborghini Russia yaseRussia ngokwamukelwa kwempahla esemthethweni yalaba bakamuva. Manje eRussia Federation, isikhungo sesevisi sivulelwe igama lomkhiqizo owaziwayo onethuba lokujwayela lonke iqoqo leLamborghini futhi uthenge / u-oda imodeli ekhethiwe, kepha uze uthenge nama-ovaloli akhethekile, izesekeli ezahlukahlukene nezingxenye zokungcebeleka.

Umsunguli

Ukucaciswa okuncane: ngesiRashiya, inkampani ivame ukukhulunywa ngomsindo we "Lamborghini", mhlawumbe ngoba ukunakwa kudonselwa kuhlamvu "g" (ji), kepha lokhu kuphinyiselwa akulungile. Uhlelo lolimi lwesiNtaliyane, nokho, njengakwezinye izikhathi isiNgisi, luhlinzekela ukuphinyiselwa kwenhlanganisela yezinhlamvu "gh", njengomsindo "g". Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukubizwa kweLamborghini ukuphela kwendlela efanele.

UFerruccio Lamborghini (Ephreli 28.04.1916, 20.02.1993 - Februwari XNUMX, XNUMX)

Kuyaziwa ukuthi umdali wemikhiqizo eyingqayizivele yezimoto zemidlalo kusukela ebuntwaneni wayethandwa yimfihlo yezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Njengoba engeyena usosayensi wezengqondo omkhulu, ubaba wakhe u-Antonio nokho wakhombisa ubuhlakani bobuzali futhi wahlela indawo yokusebenzela encane yentsha engaphakathi kwepulazi lakhe. Lapha umsunguli wesikhathi esizayo wenkampani edumile yaseLamborghini wafunda izisekelo ezidingekayo zomklamo futhi wakwazi nokusungula izindlela eziphumelelayo.

UFerruccio kancane kancane waqeqesha amakhono akhe ebuchwephesheni esikoleni sobunjiniyela saseBologna, futhi kamuva waba ngumakhenikha, ngenkathi esempini. Futhi ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II, uFerruccio wabuyela ezweni lakubo esifundazweni saseRenazzo, lapho ayebandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kabusha kwezimoto zamasosha emishini yezolimo.

Umsebenzi ophumelelayo ubonakalise ukuqala kokuvulwa kwebhizinisi lawo, ngakho kwavela inkampani yokuqala kaFerruccio Lamborghini - iLamborghini Trattori SpA, ekhiqiza ugandaganda othuthukiswe ngokuphelele ngusomabhizinisi osemncane. Uphawu olubonakalayo - inkunzi elwa ngesihlangu - yavela ngokoqobo khona lapho, ngisho nakogandaganda bokuqala bomklamo wayo.

Ugandaganda owenziwe nguFerruccio Lamborghini

Ukuphela kweminyaka yama-40 kwaba yinto ebalulekile kumsunguli wosomabhizinisi. Ukuqala ngempumelelo kube yisizathu sokucabanga ngokusungulwa kwenkampani yesibili. Futhi ngo-1960 kwavela ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yokushisa nemishini yokupholisa yezimboni - inkampani iLamborghini Bruciatori. 

Impumelelo emangalisayo ilethe ukunotha okungalindelekile okuvumela omunye wabosomabhizinisi abaphumelele kakhulu e-Italy ukuthi azenzele igalaji lakhe ngamamodeli wemoto yezemidlalo abiza kakhulu: iJaguar E-type, iMaserati 3500GT, iMercedes-Benz 300SL. Kepha intandokazi yeqoqo kwakunguFerrari 250 GT, okwakukhona amakhophi amaningi egalaji.

Ngalo lonke uthando lwakhe ngezimoto zemidlalo ezibizayo, uFerruccio wabona ukungapheleli kukho konke ukwakheka ayefuna ukukulungisa. Ngakho-ke, kwavela umqondo wokwakha imoto ephelele nehlukile yomkhiqizo wethu.

Ofakazi abaningi bathi inkosi yaphoqelelwa ukuba ithathe isinqumo esibucayi ngokuxabana nomenzi wezimoto zomjaho odumile u-Enzo Ferrari, owayesaziwa ngaleso sikhathi. 

Yize ebambelela emotweni ayithandayo, uFerruccio kudingeke ukuthi alungise kaningi, watshela abakhiqizi bezimoto zezemidlalo ngalokhu.

Njengoba engumuntu onolaka, u-Enzo uphendule ngokucijile, ngomoya wokuthi "unakekele ogandaganda bakho uma ungazi lutho ngezindlela zokugijima kwezimoto." Ngeshwa (ngoFerrari), uLamborghini naye wayengu-Italy, futhi isitatimende esinjalo samxhuma kuSuper-Ego, ngoba wayezazi kahle nezimoto.

Ithukuthele ngokufutheka, induna, lapho ibuyela egalaji, yanquma ukuzimela ngokuzimela imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-clutch. Ngemuva kokuqaqa umshini ngokuphelele, uFerruccio wathola ukufana okukhulu kokudluliselwa koomakhenika ogandaganda bakhe, ngakho-ke akubanga nzima ngaye ukulungisa inkinga.

Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenziwa isinqumo ngokushesha ukufeza iphupho lakhe lakudala - ukudala imoto yakhe enejubane elikhulu naphezu kuka-Enzo Ferrari. Kodwa-ke, wazithembisa ukuthi izimoto zakhe, ngokungafani noFerrari, azisoze zabamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni yomjaho. Umbono wakhe ubuthathwa njengokusangana, ethatha isinqumo sokuthi umsunguli wesikhathi esizayo we-Automobili Lamborghini SpA uvele wanquma ukungahambi kahle.

Njengoba umlando ukhombisile, ngokumangala nokwazisa ababukeli bokuthuthukiswa kwenkampani, uLamborghini ukhombise umhlaba amakhono angajwayelekile wethalente lakhe. Sekukonke umsunguli

Isifanekiselo

Umkhiqizi wase-Italy akafuni ukubeka ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezibiza kakhulu emfudlaneni, iLamborghini encane edumile yahola ukuphathwa kwezindaba cishe iminyaka eyi-10, kepha yaqhubeka nokulandela imicimbi engumnqamula juqu kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yayo (1993). Imodeli yokugcina ayitholile kwakuyiLamborghini Diablo (1990). Amaqoqo aklanyelwe abathengi abazimisele nabacebile. Lo mbono, mhlawumbe, ulele kulogo yenkampani, efanekisela amandla amangalisayo, amandla nokuzethemba. 

Uphawu lushintshe kancane ngombala laze lathola uhlobo lokugcina - inkunzi yegolide elwa ngemuva emnyama. Kukholakala ukuthi umbhali walo mqondo kwakunguFerruccio Lamborghini uqobo. Mhlawumbe indima ethile yadlalwa uphawu lwe-zodiac lapho inkosi yazalwa khona (28.04.1916/XNUMX/XNUMX - uphawu lweTaurus). Futhi, wayengumlandeli omkhulu wokulwa nezinkunzi.

Iposi lenkunzi lithwetshulwe ngobuciko lapho kuliwa ne-matador. Futhi amagama amamodeli anikezwa ukuhlonipha ama-toros adumile, azihlukanisa empini. Okufanekisa kancane ukuxhumana phakathi kwesilwane esesabekayo esinamandla namandla omshini, owadalwa okokuqala nguLamborghini - ugandaganda. 

Inkunzi ibekwa kwihawu elimnyama. Kukhona inguqulo uFerruccio "ayiboleke" ku-Enzo Ferrari ukuze amcasule ngandlela thile. Imibala yamalogo kaFerrari neLamborghini iphikisana ngokuphelele, ihhashi elimnyama elikhulisiwe elivela ophawu lwezimoto ze-Enzo likhona maphakathi nesihlangu esiphuzi. Kepha lokho uLamborghini empeleni ayeqondiswa ngakho ngenkathi edala uphawu lwakhe oluhlukile - manje akekho ozosho ngokuqinisekile, kuzohlala kuyimfihlo yakhe.

Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto kumamodeli 

Uhlobo lokuqala, i-Lamborghini 350 GTV, lwakhonjiswa embukisweni waseTurin maphakathi nokwindla ngo-1963. Imoto yashesha yafika ku-280 km / h, yayinamandla angu-347 amahhashi, injini ye-V12 kanye nezihlalo ezihlala abantu ababili. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngokoqobo, inguqulo ye-serial isivele iqale ukubonakala eGeneva.

I-Lamborghini 350 GTV (1964)

Imodeli elandelayo iLamborghini 400 GT, engenampumelelo engako, yaboniswa ngo-1966. Umzimba wayo wawenziwe nge-aluminium, umzimba washintshwa kancane, amandla enjini (350 amahhashi) nevolumu (3,9 litres) yanda.

I-Lamborghini 400 GT (1966)

Imoto ithengiswe ngempumelelo, okwenze ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukuqala ukuklama imodeli yodumo uLamborghini Miura, eyethulwe “ekwahlulelweni kwesibukeli” ngoMashi ngonyaka ofanayo ka-1966 embukisweni waseGeneva, futhi okwaba uhlobo lwophawu lomkhiqizo. Lesi sibonelo sakhonjiswa nguLamborghini uqobo embukisweni we-65th Turin Auto Show. Imoto yehlukile kunezinguqulo ezedlule lapho kwakukhona amalambu ahamba phambili ngaphambili. Lo mkhiqizo ulethe udumo lomhlaba wonke.

I-Lamborghini Miura (1966-1969)

Futhi eminyakeni emibili kamuva (ngo-1968) isampula saguqulwa ku-Lamborghini Miura P400S, eyayinenjini enamandla kakhulu. Wayene-dashboard ebuyekezwa, efakwe i-chrome emafasiteleni, futhi amawindi kagesi anedrayivu kagesi.

Ukuguqulwa kweLamborghini Miura - P400S (1968)

Futhi ngo-1968, kwakhululwa iLamborghini Islero 400 GT. Igama lomkhiqizo lihlotshaniswa nenkunzi eyahlula umatador odumile uManuel Rodriguez ngo-1947.

I-Lamborghini Islero 400 GT (1968 г.)

Ngawo lowo nyaka kukhululwe iLamborghini Espada, ehunyushwa njenge "matador's blade", kwaba imodeli yokuqala yezihlalo ezine eyenzelwe umndeni.

I-Lamborghini Espada (1968 г.)

Amandla ezimoto ayaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi ngonyaka wama-70, ngesiphakamiso somklami uMarcello Gandini, kuvela i-Urraco P250 subcompact (2,5 litres), ilandelwa yiLamborghini Jarama 400 GT enenjini engu-V12 engamalitha ama-4.

I-Lamborghini Urraco P250 (1970 г.)

Ukuqhuma kwangempela kwenzeka ngo-1971, lapho kudalwa i-Lamborghini Countach yezinguquko, kamuva eyaba "yi-chip" yomkhiqizo, ukwakheka kweminyango okwabolekwe ngabakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto ezinkulu. Yayinenjini enamandla kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi i-V12 Bizzarrini injini enamandla angu-365, okwenza imoto ikwazi ukushesha ize ifike ku-300 km / h.

Imoto yethulwa ochungechungeni eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, ngemuva kokuthola ukucolisiswa kohlelo lokungenisa umoya ngokuya ngezidingo ze-aerodynamics, futhi ngendlela ethuthukisiwe yaba yimbangi enkulu kuFerrari. Igama lomkhiqizo lihlotshaniswa nokumangala (nansi indlela isibabazi esizwakala ngayo kolunye ulimi lwesigodi lwase-Italy lapho ubona okuthile okuhle). Ngokwenye inguqulo, "u-Countach" usho isibabazo esijabulisayo "senkomo engcwele!"

Isibonelo se-Lamborghini Countach

Isiphetho senkontileka nabaseMelika senza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa nokwethula ngo-1977 eGeneva Motor Show umqondo omusha ngokuphelele - imoto yamasosha engekho emgaqweni iLamborghini Cheetah ("ingulule") enenjini evela eChrysler. Imodeli yamangaza ngisho nabagxeki abadume kakhulu, ababengalindeli lutho olusha enkampanini.

I-Lamborghini Cheetah (1977 г.)

Ukuguqulwa kobunikazi ngo-1980 - iMimran Group noMongameli uPatrick Mimran - kwaholela kwezinye izinhlobo ezimbili: umlandeli we-Cheetah obizwa nge-LM001 kanye ne-Jalpa roadster. Ngokwamandla, i-LM001 yeqe lowo owandulelayo: amandla wehhashi angu-455 ngenjini engu-12 litre V5,2.

ILamborghini Jalpa enomzimba we-targa (ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80s) iLamborghini LM001 SUV

Ngo-1987 inkampani yathathwa nguChrysler ("Chrysler"). Futhi kungekudala, ekuqaleni kobusika 1990, uphawu embukisweni eMonte Carlo lubonisa umlandeli we-Countach - Diablo ngenjini enamandla kakhulu kune-LM001 - 492 amahhashi anethamo lamalitha angu-5,7. Ngemizuzwana emi-4, imoto yathatha ijubane elilingana ne-100 km / h ukusuka nokuma yashesha yafika ku-325 km / h.

Umlandeli wobala - uLamborghini Diablo (1990)

Futhi cishe eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva (ngoDisemba 1995) inguqulo ethokozisayo kaDiablo enezikhwama eziphezulu ezisusekayo ku-Bologna Auto Show.

ILamborghini Diablo enekhanda elisusekayo (1995)

Umnikazi wokugcina womkhiqizo kusukela ngo-1998 kwakungu-Audi, owathatha iLamborghini kumtshalizimali wase-Indonesia. Futhi ngo-2001, ngemuva kukaDiablo, ifomethi eguqulwe kakhulu ivela - i-supercar enkulu yaseMurcielago. Kwaba ukukhiqizwa omkhulu kunayo yonke imoto ifakwe injini 12-cylinder.

I-Lamborghini Murcielago (2001 г.)

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2003, kwalandela uchungechunge lweGallardo, oluhlukaniswa ngenxa yokucinana kwalo. Isidingo esikhulu salesi simodeli sakwazi ukukhiqiza amakhophi angaphansi kuka-11 kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-3000.

I-Lamborghini Gallardo (2003 г.)

Umnikazi omusha uyithuthukisile iMurcielago, wayinika amandla athe xaxa (amandla amahhashi angama-700) futhi wahlinzeka ngenjini engu-12-cylinder 6,5 hp. Futhi ngo-2011, i-Aventador supercar yasuka kulayini womhlangano.

Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva (2014) iLamborghini Gallardo yathuthukiswa. Owayilandela, iHuracan, yathola amandla amahhashi angama-610, amasilinda ayi-10 (V10) kanye namandla enjini amalitha angu-5,2. Imoto ikwazi ukusheshisa ifike ku-325 km / h.

I-Lamborghini Aventador (2011 г.) ILamborghini Huracan

Iphuzu eliyinhloko: Le nkampani ayeki ukumangaza abalandeli balo mkhiqizo kuze kube namuhla. Indaba kaLamborghini iyamangaza uma ucabanga ukuthi umsunguli womkhiqizo waqala ukudala izimoto ezihamba phambili kakhulu ngemuva nje kogandaganda. Akekho owayengaze acabange ukuthi inkosi esencane nenesifiso sokuncintisana ikwazi ukuncintisana no-Enzo Ferrari odumile.

Ama-supercars akhiqizwe yiLamborghini aye athokoziswa kusukela ngemodeli yokuqala ngqa, eyakhishwa emuva ngo-1963. U-Espada noDiablo yibona ababethandwa kakhulu eqoqweni elisekupheleni kweminyaka yama-90. Kanye noMurcielago omusha, basaphumelela nanamuhla. Manje inkampani, eyingxenye yokukhathazeka okukhulu kweVolkswagen AG, inamandla amakhulu futhi ikhiqiza okungenani izimoto ezingama-2000 ngonyaka.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yiziphi izinhlobo zeLamborghini? Ngaphezu kwezimoto ezinkulu (i-Miura noma i-Countach), inkampani ikhiqiza ama-crossovers (i-Urus) nogandaganda (umsunguli womkhiqizo wayenenkampani enkulu yokukhiqiza ugandaganda).