Umlando wemoto brand Ford

Okuqukethwe

Indaba kaFord
Abanikazi nokuphathwa
I-Logotype
Imisebenzi
Amamodeli

Enye yezinkampani zezimoto ezidume kakhulu yiFord Motors. Indlunkulu yale nkampani iseduze kwaseDetroit, idolobha lezimoto - iDearborn. Ngezikhathi ezithile zomlando, lokhu kukhathazeka okukhulu kwakukhona nemikhiqizo efana neMercury, iLincoln, iJaguar, i-Aston Martin, nabanye.Inkampani isebenza ukukhiqiza izimoto, amaloli nezimoto zezolimo.

Funda indaba yokuthi ukuwa ehhashini kwaqala kanjani ukukhula nokukhula okuqhumayo kwe-titanium embonini yezimoto.

Indaba kaFord

Ukusebenza epulazini likayise, umuntu ovela e-Ireland uwela ehhashini lakhe. Ngalolo suku ngo-1872, kwavela umcabango ekhanda likaHenry Ford: ufuna kanjani ukuba nemoto engaphepha futhi ithembeke kune-analog edonswa yihhashi.

Lo mdlandla, kanye nabangane bakhe abali-11, beqongelela isamba esikhulu ngalezo zindinganiso - ama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingama-28 (iningi lale mali linikezwe ngabatshalizimali abahlanu abakholelwa empumelelweni walo mbono). Ngalezi zimali, bathole ibhizinisi elincane lezimboni. Lo mcimbi wenzeka ngomhlaka 5/16.06.1903/XNUMX.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iFord yinkampani yokuqala yezimoto emhlabeni jikelele ukusebenzisa umgomo womugqa wezimoto. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala kwayo ngo-1913, izindlela zokukhanda zazihlanganiswa ngesandla kuphela. Isibonelo sokuqala sokusebenza kwakuyi-stroller enenjini kaphethiloli. Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yayinamandla ayisishiyagalombili amahhashi, futhi iqembu labizwa nge-Model-A.

Ngemuva nje kweminyaka emihlanu kusungulwe inkampani, umhlaba usuthole imodeli yemoto engabizi - iModel-T. Imoto yathola isidlaliso "Tin Lizzie". Imoto yakhiqizwa kuze kube unyaka wama-27 wekhulu leminyaka elidlule.

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-20, inkampani yangena esivumelwaneni sokubambisana neSoviet Union. Isakhiwo somkhiqizi wezimoto waseMelika sakhiwa eNizhny Novgorod. Ngesisekelo sentuthuko yenkampani yabazali, imoto ye-GAZ-A, kanye nemodeli efanayo enenkomba ye-AA, yathuthukiswa.

Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, lo mkhiqizo, othola ukuthandwa, wakha amafektri eJalimane, futhi usebenzisana noMbuso Wesithathu, wakhiqiza zombili izimoto ezinamasondo nezilandelelwa zamasosha aleli zwe. Ngasohlangothini lwebutho laseMelika, lokhu kwabangela ubutha. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqala kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, uFord unquma ukuqeda ukubambisana neJalimane lamaNazi, bese eqala ukukhiqiza imishini yezempi ye-United States.

Nanku umlando omfushane wokuhlanganiswa nokutholwa kweminye imikhiqizo:

1922, ngaphansi kobuholi benkampani, ukwahlukana kwezimoto eziphambili zeLincoln kuqala;
1939 - Umkhiqizo weMercury usungulwe, ngezimoto ezinenani eliphakathi zisuka kulayini womhlangano. Lesi sigaba saqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-2010;
1986 - UFord uthola uphawu lwe-Aston Martin. Lesi sigaba sathengiswa ngo-2007;
1990 - ukuthengwa komkhiqizo weJaguar kwenziwa, okuthi ngo-2008 kudluliselwe kumkhiqizi waseNdiya uTata Motors;
1999 - Kutholwe uhlobo lweVolvo, okuthengiswa kabusha kwalo kwaziwa ngo-2010. Umnikazi omusha walesi sigaba ngumkhiqizo waseChina iZhenjiang Geely;
2000 - umkhiqizo weLand Rover uyathengwa, nawo owathengiswa eminyakeni eyi-8 kamuva enkampanini yamaNdiya iTata.

Abanikazi nokuphathwa

Inkampani iphethwe ngokuphelele ngumndeni womsunguli womkhiqizo. Le ngenye yezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu ezilawulwa ngumndeni owodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iFord ingeyesigaba sezinkampani zomphakathi. Ukuhamba kwamasheya ayo kulawulwa yi-stock exchange eNew York.

I-Logotype

Izimoto zomkhiqizi waseMelika ziyabonakala ngelebula elula ku-grille ye-radiator. Ku-oval eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, igama lenkampani libhalwe ngamagama amhlophe kufonti yoqobo. Uphawu lomkhiqizo lukhombisa ukuhlonipha isiko nobuhle, okungalandelwa kumamodeli amaningi enkampani.

I-logo idlule ekuvuseleleni okuningana.

Umdwebo wokuqala waklanywa yi-Child Harold Wills ngo-1903. Kwakuyigama lenkampani, elenziwa ngesitayela sokusayina. Ngasemaphethelweni, isibonakaliso sasine-curging edging, ngaphakathi lapho, ngaphezu kwegama lomkhiqizi, indawo yekomkhulu ikhonjisiwe.
1909 - I-logo iguquka ngokuphelele. Esikhundleni se-plaque enemibala kuma-radiator amanga, isibongo somsunguli saqala ukutholakala, senziwa kufonti eyinhloko;
1912 - isibonakaliso sithola izakhi ezengeziwe - isizinda esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, sisakaza amaphiko aso. Maphakathi nendawo, igama lomkhiqizo lenziwa ngamagama amakhulu, futhi kubhalwe isiqubulo sokukhangisa ngaphansi kwalo - "Imoto yendawo yonke";
Ngo-1912 - i-logo yomkhiqizo ithola ukuma okujwayelekile kwe-oval. IFord ibhalwe ngamagama amnyama ngemuva emhlophe;
1927 - Isizinda se-oval esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuhlelwa okumhlophe kuvela. Igama lomkhiqizo wemoto libhalwe ngezinhlamvu ezimhlophe;
1957 - ushintsho lwe-oval lube sesimweni sokulinganisa esinamathiselwe ezinhlangothini. Umthunzi wangemuva uyashintsha. Umbhalo ngokwawo uhlala ungashintshiwe;
1976 - Isibalo esedlule sithatha ukwakheka kwe-oval enwetshiwe nge-edging yesiliva. Isizinda uqobo senziwe ngesitayela esinika imibhalo ivolumu;
2003 - ifreyimu yesiliva iyanyamalala, umthunzi wangemuva uthulisiwe. Ingxenye engenhla ilula kunaleyo engezansi. Ukushintsha kombala okubushelelezi kwenziwa phakathi kwabo, ngenxa yalokho okubhalwe phansi okukhanyisayo.

Imisebenzi

Le nkampani inikeza izinsiza ezahlukahlukene embonini yezimoto. Amabhizinisi alo mkhiqizo enza izimoto zabagibeli, kanye namaloli okuhweba namabhasi. Ukukhathazeka kungahlukaniswa ngemibandela kube izigaba ezi-3 zesakhiwo:

ENyakatho Melika;
I-Asia-Pacific;
EYurophu.

Lezi zigaba zehlukaniswe ngokwendawo. Kuze kube ngo-2006, ngamunye wabo bekhiqize imishini yemakethe ethile ababhekene nayo. Ukuguquka kwale nqubomgomo kube yisinqumo somqondisi wenkampani, uRoger Mulally (lokhu kuguqulwa konjiniyela nosomabhizinisi kulondoloze lo mkhiqizo ekuweni) ukwenza iFord "One". Ingqikithi yalo mbono bekuwukuthi inkampani ikhiqize amamodeli womhlaba wonke ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimakethe. Lo mbono wawuhlanganiswa nesizukulwane sesithathu iFord Focus.

Amamodeli

Nayi indaba yomkhiqizo kumamodeli:

1903 - ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli yokuqala yemoto, eyathola i-A.
1906 - Kuvela iModeli K, lapho kuqala ukufakwa khona isithuthuthu esingu-6 cylinder. Amandla alo kwaba 40 amahhashi. Ngenxa yekhwalithi yokwakha empofu, imodeli ayihlalanga isikhathi eside emakethe. Indaba efanayo yayiphathelene neModeli B. Zombili lezi zinketho zazibhekiswe kubashayeli abacebile. Ukwehluleka kwezinguqulo kwaba umfutho wokukhiqizwa kwezimoto eziningi zesabelomali.
I-1908 - i-Model T eyisakhiwo sodumo iyavela, eyabonakala ithandwa kakhulu hhayi ngekhwalithi yayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangamanani ayo akhangayo. Ekuqaleni, yayithengiswa ngo- $ 850. (ukuqhathanisa, iModeli K yanikezwa ngentengo yama- $ 2), ngemuva kwesikhashana, kwasetshenziswa izinto ezishibhile, ezenza ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa izindleko zokuhamba cishe isigamu ($ 800). Le moto ibinenjini engu-2,9 litre. Ibibhangqwe no-gearbox wamaplanethi onamagiya amabili. Kwakuyimoto yokuqala ukusakazwa okuyisigidi. Ku-chassis wale modeli, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhamba zenziwe, ezisukela ezinhlanganweni ezihlala abantu ababili kuya kwi-ambulensi.
1922 - Ukutholwa kophiko lwezimoto lokunethezeka, iLincoln yabacebile.
I-1922-1950 inkampani yenza izinqumo eziningi ukukhulisa ukuma kwezwe lokukhiqiza, iphothula izivumelwano namazwe ahlukene lapho kwakhiwa khona izinkampani.
1932 - Le nkampani iba ngumkhiqizi wokuqala emhlabeni ukukhiqiza i-monolithic V-block enamasilinda ayi-8.
1938 - Kwakhiwa ukwahlukaniswa kweMercury ukuhlinzeka imakethe ngezimoto eziphakathi nendawo (phakathi kweFord eshibhile yakudala neLincoln ebukekayo).
Ukuqala kweminyaka yama-50s kwakuyisikhathi sokufuna imibono yoqobo neyenguquko. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1955, iThunderbird ivela ngemuva kwe-hardtop (yini eyingqayizivele yalolu hlobo lomzimba, funda lapha). Imoto enesithunzi ithole izizukulwane eziyishumi nanye. Ngaphansi hood imoto kwakungu-V ezimise 11-litre amandla iyunithi athuthukise amandla 4,8 amahhashi. Naphezu kokuthi imoto yayihloselwe abashayeli abacebile, imodeli yayithandwa kakhulu.
1959 - Kuvela enye imoto edumile, iGalaxie. Imodeli ithole izinhlobo zomzimba ezi-6, ilokhi yengane yokuvula iminyango, nekholomu yokuqondisa ethuthukisiwe.
1960 - Ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli ye-Falcon kuqala, endaweni yesikhulumi lapho kwakhiwa khona iMaverick, iGranada nesizukulwane sokuqala i-Mustang. Imoto ekucushweni okuyisisekelo ithole injini engu-2,4 litre enamandla angu-90. Kwakuyi-line-6-cylinder power unit.
1964 - I-Ford Mustang edumile iyavela. Kwakuyizithelo zokufuna kwenkampani imodeli ye-stellar engadla imali enesizotha, kepha ngasikhathi sinye yayiyinto efiseleka kakhulu kubathandi bezimoto ezinhle nezinamandla. Umqondo wemodeli wethulwa ngonyaka owedlule, kepha ngaphambi kwalokho inkampani yayisungule izinhlobo eziningi zale moto, yize ingazange ibenze baphile. Ngaphansi kwesigqoko sobusha kwakungu-inline-six efanayo ne-Falcon, kuphela ukufuduswa okwenyuswe kancane (kufika ku-2,8 litres). Imoto ithole Dynamics enhle kakhulu kanye nokugcinwa izindleko eziphansi, futhi inzuzo yayo esemqoka kunazo zonke kwaba induduzo, okuyinto ayengazange unikezwe izimoto ngaphambili.
1966 - Le nkampani ekugcineni iyaphumelela ukuncintisana nomkhiqizo weFerrari emgwaqweni iLe Mans. Imoto yezemidlalo enamandla kakhulu nethembekile yomkhiqizo waseMelika iGT-40 iletha udumo. Ngemuva kokunqoba, umkhiqizo wethula uhlobo lomgwaqo lwenganekwane - i-GT-40 MKIII. Ngaphansi kwe-hood kwakukhona okujwayelekile okungu-4,7-litre okwenziwe ngo-V okuyisishiyagalombili. Inani eliphakeme lalingu-310 hp. Yize imoto ibonakale inzima, ayizange ibuyekezwe kuze kube ngu-2003. Isizukulwane esisha sithole injini enkulu (amalitha angu-5,4), nokusheshise imoto yaba “ngamakhulu” ngemizuzwana engu-3,2, kanti umkhawulo wejubane omkhulu bekungu-346 km / h.
Ngo-1968 - I-sporty Escort Twin Cam iyavela. Imoto yathatha indawo yokuqala emjahweni owawuse-Ireland, kanye nasemincintiswaneni eminingi emazweni ehlukene kwaze kwaba ngu-1970. Umsebenzi wezemidlalo womkhiqizo wavumela ukuheha abathengi abasha abathanda ukugijima kwezimoto futhi bazisa izimoto ezisezingeni elinezinhlelo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.
1970 - Kuvela iTaunus (inguqulo yedrayivu yesokunxele yaseYurophu) noma uCortina (inguqulo yedrayivu yesandla sangakwesokudla).
1976 - Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Econoline E-Series kuqala, ngokuhambisa, injini kanye ne-chassis evela ku-F-Series pickups nama-SUV.
1976 - Kuvela isizukulwane sokuqala seFiesta.
1980 - Ukukhiqizwa kweBronco yomlando kuqala. Kwakuyiloli lokuthwala elineshashisi emfushane kodwa ephakeme. Ngenxa yokususwa kwayo phezulu, imodeli yayithandwa isikhathi eside ngenxa yekhono layo lokuwela izwe, noma ngabe kuphuma amamodeli ahloniphekile amaSUV entofontofo.
1982 - Ukwethulwa kweSierra edonsa ngamasondo angemuva.
1985 - Kubusa isiphithiphithi sangempela emakethe yezimoto: ngenxa yenkinga kawoyela yomhlaba wonke, izimoto ezithandwayo zilahlekelwe kakhulu yizikhundla zazo, nezimoto ezincane zaseJapan sezifikile esikhundleni sazo. Amamodeli ancintisanayo abenokusetshenziswa okuncane kukaphethiloli, futhi ukusebenza kwawo bekungekho ngaphansi kwezimoto zaseMelika ezinamandla neziminzayo. Abaphathi benkampani banquma ukukhipha enye imodeli ethandwayo. Yiqiniso, ayizange ithathe isikhundla se-Mustang, kodwa yathola ukuqashelwa okuhle phakathi kwabashayeli bezimoto. KwakuyiTaurus. Ngaphandle kwesimo esinzima somnotho, umkhiqizo omusha kube ngumkhiqizo othengiswa kakhulu emlandweni wonke wokuba khona kwalo mkhiqizo.
1990 - Omunye u-bestseller waseMelika, i-Explorer, uyavela. Kulo nyaka nakulandelayo, imodeli ithola umklomelo esigabeni seSUV ehamba phambili ngamasondo onke. Ngaphansi hood imoto ifakwe 4-litre uphethiloli injini nge 155 hp Isebenze ngokubambisana nge-4-position automatic transmission noma i-analogue eyi-5-speed mechanical.
1993 - kwamenyezelwa ukwethulwa kohlobo lweMondeo, lapho kwasetshenziswa amazinga amasha okuphepha komshayeli nabagibeli.
1994 - Ukukhiqizwa kwekhumbi elincane leWindstar kuqala.
1995 - I-Galaxy (ukwahlukaniswa kwe-EUROPE) ikhonjiswe eGeneva Motor Show, eyabuyiselwa kabusha kakhulu ngonyaka ka-2000.
1996 - Kwethulwa i-Expedition ezongena esikhundleni seBronco ethandekayo.
1998 - IGeneva Motor Show yethula imodeli yeFocus, engena esikhundleni se-Escort subcompact.
2000 - Imodeli yaseFord Escape ikhonjiswe eDetroit Motor Show. EYurophu kwakhiwa i-SUV efanayo - iMaverick.
2002 - Kuvela imodeli ye-C-Max, eyathola iningi lezinhlelo ezivela ku-Focus, kepha ngomzimba osebenza kangcono.
2002 - abashayeli banikezwa imoto yedolobha iFusion.
2003 - iTourneo Connect, imoto esebenza kahle ngokubukeka okunesizotha, iyavela.
2006 - I-S-Max yadalwa ku-chassis ye-Galaxy entsha.
2008 - Inkampani ivula i-crossover niche ngokukhululwa kweKuga.
2012 - ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwenjini esebenza kahle kakhulu kuvela. Ukuthuthukiswa kwaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Ecoboost. Le moto inikezwe umklomelo we-International Motor amahlandla amaningi.

Eminyakeni elandelayo, inkampani ibilokhu ithuthukisa izimoto ezinamandla, ezongayo, ezisebenza kahle futhi ezimnandi nje ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zabashayeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ithuthukisa ekukhiqizeni izimoto ezithengiswayo.

Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezithokozisayo zomkhiqizo: