Umlando wohlobo lwemoto yakwaFiat

IFiat iyaziqhenya ngendawo emhlabeni wezimoto. Ingenye yezinkampani ezaziwayo zokukhiqiza izindlela zemishini kwezolimo, ukwakhiwa, ukuthuthwa kwempahla nokuthuthwa kwabagibeli, kanti-ke nezimoto.

Umlando womhlaba wemikhiqizo yezimoto uhambisana nokuthuthukiswa okuyingqayizivele kwemicimbi eholele inkampani kulolo dumo. Nayi indaba yokuthi iqembu losomabhizinisi likwazile kanjani ukuguqula ibhizinisi elilodwa libe yinkinga yonke yezimoto.

Umsunguli

Ekuseni komkhakha wezimoto, abathanda abaningi baqala ukucabanga ukuthi baqale yini ukukhiqiza izimoto zezigaba ezahlukahlukene. Umbuzo ofanayo wavela ezingqondweni zeqembu elincane losomabhizinisi base-Italy. Umlando we-automaker uqala ehlobo lika-1899 edolobheni laseTurin. Le nkampani yaqanjwa ngokushesha i-FIAT (Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino).

Ekuqaleni, inkampani yayihlanganyela ekuhlanganiseni izimoto zakwaRenault, ezazinenjini yeDe Dion-Bouton. Ngaleso sikhathi, lawa kwakungamaphayiphu e-powertrains athembeke kakhulu eYurophu. Zathengwa ngabakhiqizi abehlukene futhi zafakwa ezimotweni zazo.

Isitshalo sokuqala senkampani sakhiwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 nele-20. Isisebenzi esisodwa nesigamu sasebenza kuso. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uGiovanni Agnelli waba yi-CEO yenkampani. Lapho uhulumeni wase-Italy eqeda umsebenzi osindayo wensimbi engenisiwe, inkampani yasheshe yandisa ibhizinisi layo ukuthi lifake amaloli, amabhasi, izinjini zemikhumbi nezindiza, nemishini ethile yezolimo.

Kodwa-ke abashayeli banesithakazelo esikhulu ekuqaleni kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zabagibeli bale nkampani. Ekuqaleni, lawa kwakungamamodeli wokunethezeka kuphela, awazange ahluke ngobulula bawo. Ngabantu abakhethekile kuphela ababekwazi ukubakhokhela. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, okukhethekile kwahlukana ngokushesha, njengoba uphawu lwaluvame ukuvela phakathi kwabahlanganyeli emijahweni ehlukahlukene. Ngalezo zinsuku, kwakuyiphedi yokuqalisa enamandla eyayivumela "ukuthuthukisa" umkhiqizo wabo.

Isifanekiselo

Isibonakaliso sokuqala senkampani senziwe ngumdwebi owasiveza njengesikhumba sasendulo esinombhalo oqoshiwe. Ukubhalwa kwalo kwakuyigama eligcwele lomenzi wemoto osanda kwenziwa.

Ukuhlonipha ukunwetshwa kobubanzi bomsebenzi, abaphathi benkampani banquma ukushintsha i-logo (1901). Kwakuyipuleti loqweqwe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesifinyezo esiphuzi sohlobo lwe-A-shape yasekuqaleni (le nto ihlala ingashintshiwe kuze kube namuhla).

Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-24, inkampani ithatha isinqumo sokushintsha isitayela selogo. Manje lo mbhalo wenziwa ngesizinda esibomvu, futhi kwavela umqhele we-laurel nxazonke zawo. Le logo ikhombe ukunqoba okuningi emincintiswaneni ehlukahlukene yezimoto.

Ngo-1932, ukwakheka kwesibonakaliso kuyashintsha futhi, kulokhu kuthatha isimo sehawu. Le nto eyenziwe isitayela ifane kahle nama-radiator grilles wamamodeli ngaleso sikhathi, aqeda imigqa yokukhiqiza.

Kulomklamo, uphawu lwahlala iminyaka engama-36 elandelayo. Imodeli ngayinye eyehla kulayini womhlangano kusukela ngo-1968 yayinepuleti elinezinhlamvu ezine ezifanayo kwi-grille, ngokubukeka nje zazenziwe ngamawindi ahlukene ngemuva okwesibhakabhaka.

Isikhumbuzo seminyaka engu-100 yokuba khona kwale nkampani kwaphawuleka ngokuvela kwesizukulwane esilandelayo selogo. Abaqambi benkampani banqume ukubuyisa uphawu lwama-20s, isizinda sombhalo kuphela saba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1999.

Olunye ushintsho ku-logo lwenzeka ngo-2006. Uphawu lwalufakwe esiyingini sesiliva ngokufakwa okungunxande namaphethelo ayizikwele, okwanikeza isibonakaliso ubukhulu obuthathu. Igama lenkampani lalibhalwe ngezinhlamvu zesiliva kungemuva elibomvu.

Umlando womkhiqizo wezimoto kumamodeli

Imoto yokuqala abasebenzi bezitshalo abasebenza kuyo bekuyimodeli engu-3 / 12HP. Isici saso esihlukile kwaba ukuhanjiswa, okuhambisa imoto phambili kuphela.

• 1902 - Ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli yezemidlalo i-24 HP kuqala. Lapho imoto ithola umklomelo wokuqala, yayiqhutshwa ngu-V. Lancia, futhi kumodeli ye-8HP umqondisi jikelele wenkampani uG. Agnelli waqopha umlando kwiTour yesibili yase-Italy.
• 1908 - inkampani yandisa ububanzi bayo bemisebenzi. Insizakalo engaphansi kweFiat Automobile Co. ivela e-United States. Amaloli avela emkhakheni wezikhali zalo mkhiqizo, amafektri ayabandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni imikhumbi nezindiza, kanye nezitimela kanye nezimoto ezidayiswayo zishiya izithuthi;
• 1911 - Omele inkampani unqoba umjaho weGrand Prix eFrance. Imodeli ye-S61 yayinenjini enkulu ngisho nangamazinga esimanje - ivolumu yayo yayingu-10 nohafu wamalitha.
• 1912 - Umqondisi wefemu uthatha isinqumo sokuthi sekuyisikhathi sokusuka ezimotweni ezinqunyelwe zabasizi kanye nomjaho wezimoto uye ezimotweni zokukhiqiza. Futhi imodeli yokuqala nguTipo Zero. Ukwenza ukwakheka kwezimoto kuvelele kwabanye abakhiqizi, inkampani yaqasha abakhi bezinkampani zangaphandle.
• 1923 - ngemuva kokubamba iqhaza kwenkampani ekwakheni imishini yamasosha nezinkinga zangaphakathi eziyinkimbinkimbi (iziteleka ezinkulu zaholela inkampani cishe ukuwa), kuvela imoto yokuqala enezihlalo ezine. Kwakunenqwaba yenani lama-4. Isu eliyinhloko lobuholi selishintshile. Uma phambilini bekucatshangwa ukuthi imoto ngeyezicukuthwane, manje isiqubulo besigxile kumakhasimende ajwayelekile. Ngaphandle kwemizamo yokuqhubekisela phambili iphrojekthi, imoto ayiboniswanga.
• 1932 - imoto yokuqala yangemva kwempi yenkampani, eyathola ukuqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. Owokuqala waba nguBalilla.
• 1936 - Imodeli yethulwa kuzethameli zomhlaba wonke zabashayeli bezimoto, okusakhiwa futhi enezizukulwane ezintathu. Le Fiat-500 edumile. Isizukulwane sokuqala sahlala emakethe sisuka eminyakeni engama-36 kuye kwengama-55. Emlandweni wokukhiqiza kwathengiswa amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-519 aleso sizukulwana sezimoto. Le moto encane enezihlalo ezimbili ithole injini engu-0,6 litre. Okucacile kwale moto ukuthi umzimba waqala ukwakhiwa, kwase kufakwa i-chassis nazo zonke ezinye izingxenye ezizenzakalelayo.
• I-1945-1950 ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba iminyaka engamashumi ayisihlanu inkampani ikhiqiza amamodeli amasha amasha. Lezi izinhlobo ze-1100B futhi 1500D.
• 1950 - ukwethulwa kokukhiqizwa kweFiat 1400. Igumbi lenjini lalinenjini edonsa ngodizili.
• 1953 - Model 1100/103 iyavela, kanye no-103TV.
• 1955 - Model 600 yethulwe, eyayinesakhiwo esakhiwe ngemuva.
• 1957 - Indawo yokukhiqiza yenkampani iqala ukukhiqizwa kweNew500.
• 1958 - Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezimbili ezincane ezibizwa ngeSeicentos kuqala, kanye neCinquecentos, ezitholakala kumsebenzisi ojwayelekile.
• 1960 - 500th model line iyakhula inqola yesiteshi.
• Iminyaka yama-1960 yaqala ngokushintsha kobuholi (abazukulu baka-Agnelli baba ngabaqondisi), okuhlose ukuqhubeka nokuheha abashayeli abajwayelekile kumbuthano wabalandeli benkampani. I-Subcompact 850 iqala ukukhiqizwa, 1800, 1300 futhi 1500.
• 1966 - waba okhethekile kubashayeli bezimoto baseRussia. Ngalowo nyaka, ukwakhiwa kweVolzhsky Automobile Plant kwaqala ngaphansi kwenkontileka phakathi kwenkampani kanye nohulumeni wase-USSR. Ngenxa yokubambisana okuseduze, imakethe yaseRussia igcwaliswe ngezimoto ezisezingeni eliphakeme zase-Italy. Ngokusho kwephrojekthi yemodeli ye-124, i-VAZ 2105, kanye ne-2106, yathuthukiswa.
• 1969 - Inkampani ithola uphawu lweLancia. Imodeli ye-Dino iyavela, kanye nezimoto eziningi ezincane. Ukwanda kokuthengiswa kwezimoto emhlabeni wonke kuyasiza ukukhulisa umthamo wokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, inkampani yakha amafektri eBrazil, eningizimu ye-Italy nasePoland.
• Ngawo-1970, inkampani yazinikela ekwenzeni imikhiqizo eseqediwe ibe yesimanje ukuyenza ifaneleke ekukhiqizeni abashayeli bangaleso sikhathi.
• 1978 - IFiat yethula ulayini wokuhlanganisa amarobhothi emafemini ayo, aqala ukuhlangana kwemodeli yaseRitmo. Kwaba intuthuko yangempela kwezobuchwepheshe obusha.
• 1980 - IGeneva Motor Show yethula idemo yePanda. Isitudiyo i-ItalDesign sisebenze ekwakhiweni kwemoto.
• Ngo-1983 - i-Uno eyisimangaliso isuka kulayini womhlangano, okusabajabulisa abanye abashayeli. Imoto isebenzise ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ngokwama-elekthronikhi asekhompyutheni, amadivayisi wenjini, izinto zangaphakathi, njll.
• 1985 - Umenzi wase-Italy wethula iCroma hatchback. Okucacile ngemoto ukuthi ibingahlanganisiwe epulatifomu yayo, kepha kulokhu kusetshenziswe ipulatifomu ebizwa nge-Tipo4. Amamodeli womkhiqizi wezimoto waseLancia uThema, Alfa Romeo (164) kanye neSAAB9000 bebesuselwa kumklamo ofanayo.
• Ngo-1986 - inkampani iyakhula, ithole uphawu lwe-Alfa Romeo, oluhlala luyingxenye ehlukile yokukhathazeka kwase-Italy.
• 1988 - i-Tipo hatchback yokuqala enomzimba oneminyango emi-5.
• 1990 - voluminous Fiat Tempra, Tempra Wagon iyavela neveni elincane iMarengo. Lezi zinhlobo nazo zahlanganiswa epulatifomu efanayo, kepha ukwakheka okuhlukile kwenza ukuthi zikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezigaba ezahlukahlukene zabashayeli.
• 1993 - ukuguqulwa okuningana kwemoto encane iPunto / Sporting kuvela, kanye nemodeli enamandla kakhulu ye-GT (isizukulwane sayo sabuyekezwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-6).
• Ngo-1993 - ukuphela konyaka kwaphawulwa ngokukhishwa komunye umfuziselo onamandla wemoto yakwaFiat - iCoupe Turbo, engancintisana nokuguqulwa kwe-compressor yeMercedes-Benz CLK, kanye neBoxter evela ePorsche. Imoto ibinejubane elikhulu elingu-250 km / h.
• 1994 - Ulysse wethulwa eMotor Show. Kwakuyiveni elincane, injini yalo yayitholakala emzimbeni, ukudluliswa kudluliselwa ku-torque emasondweni angaphambili. Isidumbu "yivolumu eyodwa", lapho abantu abayi-8 behlaliswe ngokuthula ndawonye nomshayeli.
• 1995 - Fiat (imodeli yesicabucabu sezemidlalo iBarchetta), esadlula ePininfarina studio sokuqamba, yaziwa njengendawo ehle kakhulu eshintshwayo kule ndlwana ngesikhathi seGeneva Motor Show.
• 1996 - njengengxenye yokubambisana phakathi kweFiat ne-PSA (njengemodeli yangaphambilini), kuvela izinhlobo ezimbili zeScudo futhi Jumpy. Babelane ngeplatifomu ejwayelekile ye-U64, lapho kwakhiwa khona ezinye izinhlobo zeCitroen nePeugeot Expert.
• 1996 - Kwethulwa imodeli ye-Palio, eyayidalelwe kuqala imakethe yaseBrazil, bese (ngo-97) ye-Argentina nePoland, futhi (ngo-98) inqola yesiteshi yanikezwa eYurophu.
• 1998 - ekuqaleni konyaka, kwethulwe imoto encane kakhulu esezingeni laseYurophu A (ngokuhlukaniswa kwezimoto zaseYurophu nezinye funda laphaSeicento. Ngonyaka ofanayo, ukukhiqizwa kwenguqulo kagesi ye-Elettra kuqala.
• 1998 - Imodeli yaseFiat Marera Arctic yethulwa emakethe yaseRussia. Ngawo lowo nyaka abashayeli banikezwa imodeli yeveni yamaphoyisa i-Multipla enomklamo omangalisayo womzimba.
• 2000 - IBarchetta Riviera yethulwa eTurin Motor Show ngephakethe likanokusho. Ekwindla ngonyaka ofanayo, inguqulo yomphakathi kaDoblo yavela. Le nguqulo, eyethulwa eParis, yayingumgibeli wezimpahla.
• 2002 - imodeli ye-Stilo yethulwa kubalandeli base-Italy bokushayela ngokweqile (esikhundleni semodeli yeBrava).
• 2011 - ukukhiqizwa kwe-crossover yomndeni iFreemont kuqala, lapho onjiniyela abavela kwaFiat naseChrysler basebenza khona.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, inkampani iphinde yathatha ukwenziwa ngcono kwamamodeli wangaphambilini, ikhulula izizukulwane ezintsha. Namuhla, ngaphansi kokuhola kokukhathazeka, imikhiqizo edume umhlaba wonke njenge-Alfa Romeo neLancia, kanye nophiko lwezemidlalo, ezimoto zazo ziphethe uphawu lweFerrari, zisebenza.

Futhi ekugcineni, sinikeza ukubuyekeza okuncane kweFiat Coupe:

Fiat Coupe - esheshayo esake

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iliphi izwe elikhiqiza iFiat? I-Fiat ingumkhiqizi wase-Italy wezimoto namaloli aneminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 yomlando. Lo mkhiqizo uzinze edolobheni lase-Italy iTurin.

Ubani Umnikazi We-Fiat? Lo mkhiqizo ungowenkampani ephethe i-Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. Ngaphezu kwe-Fiat, inkampani yabazali ingumnikazi we-Alfa Romeo, Chrysler, Dodge, Lancia, Maserati, Jeep, Ram Trucks.

Ubani owadala i-Fiat? Le nkampani yasungulwa ngo-1899 ngabatshalizimali, phakathi kwabo kwakukhona Giovanni Agnelli. Ngo-1902 waba umphathi wenkampani. Ngo-1919 no-1920 inkampani yayinesiphithiphithi ngenxa yochungechunge lweziteleka.