Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Womhlaba We-K-151 Series Carburettors

I-K-151 carburetor yesitshalo sasePekar (isikhungo sangaphambili se-Leningrad carburetor) yakhelwe ukufakwa ezinjini zezimoto ezinamasilinda amane i-YuMZ ne-ZMZ, kanye naku-UZAM.

Ukuguqulwa okuhlukile kwe-carburetor kuhluke kusethi yamajethi futhi, ngokufanele, ukuqokwa kwezinhlamvu. Isihloko sizocabangela ngokuningiliziwe idivayisi "151st", ukucushwa kwayo nokuqedwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokungasebenzi kahle.

Idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza, umdwebo

I-carburetor yakhelwe ukudosa okunembayo okuphezulu kwengxube yamafutha omoya kanye nokunikezwa kwayo okulandelayo kumasilinda enjini.

I-carburetor ye-K-151 ineziteshi ezi-2 ezihambisanayo lapho kudlula khona umoya ohlanzekile usuka kusihlungi. Ngamunye wabo une-throttle rotary (damper). Ngenxa yalo mklamo, i-carburetor ibizwa ngokuthi i-two-chamber. Futhi i-actuator ye-throttle yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi, kuye ngokuthi i-accelerator pedal icindezelwe kanzima kangakanani (okungukuthi, izinguquko ezindleleni zokusebenza zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi), i-damper yokuqala ivula ngesikhathi esifanele, bese kuba eyesibili.

Maphakathi nesiteshi somoya ngasinye kunemivimbo emise okwekhoni (ama-diffusers). Umoya udlula kuwo, ngakho uphethiloli udonswa ngamajethi egumbi lokuntanta.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carburetor iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:

1. indlela entantayo. Iklanyelwe ukugcina izinga likaphethiloli elingashintshi ekamelweni lokuntanta.
2. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudosa emakamelweni ayisisekelo nakwesibili. Idizayinelwe ukulungiselela kanye nomthamo wengxube kaphethiloli womoya ukuze isebenze ezimweni ezahlukahlukene.
3. Uhlelo alusebenzi. Iklanyelwe ukusebenzisa injini ngesivinini esincane esizinzile. Iqukethe imibhobho ekhethwe ngokukhethekile namashaneli omoya.
4. uhlelo loguquko. Ngenxa yalokhu, ikhamera eyengeziwe ivulwa kahle. Isebenza kumodi yenguquko phakathi kwesivinini senjini esingenzi lutho nesiphezulu (lapho i-throttle ivulekile ngaphansi kohhafu).
5. Idivayisi yokuqalisa. Ihloselwe ukuqalisa okulula kwenjini ngenkathi ebandayo. Ngokudonsa induku yokuncela, siphendulela i-air damper ekamelweni lokuqala. Ngakho-ke, isiteshi sivinjiwe futhi kwakhiwa i-vacuum edingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe kabusha ingxube. Kulokhu, i-valve ye-throttle ivula kancane.
6. Iphampu ye-Accelerator. Umshini wokuhlinzeka uphethiloli onxephezela ukunikezwa kwengxube evuthayo kumasilinda lapho i-throttle ivuleka ngokuzumayo (lapho umoya ugeleza ngokushesha kunengxube).
7. I-Ecostat. Uhlelo lwe-dosing lwegumbi lesibili lokuxuba. Lona umlomo wombhobho lapho uphethiloli owengeziwe kunikezwa khona ekamelweni elivulekile elibanzi (lapho ukugeleza komoya ku-diffuser kuphezulu). Lokhu kuqeda ingxube ethambile ngesivinini esikhulu senjini.
8. I-valve ye-Economizer (EPKhH). Inesibopho sokuvala ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli ku-carburetor ngemodi yokungenzi lutho ephoqelelwe (PHX). Isidingo sayo sihambisana nokwenyuka okubukhali kwe-CO (carbon oxides) kumagesi akhipha umoya uma imoto ibhulekiwe injini. Okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwenjini.
9. Isistimu yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase ephoqelelwe. Ngalo, amagesi anobuthi avela ku-crankcase awangeni emkhathini, kodwa angene kusihlungi somoya. Ukusuka lapho, bangena ku-carburetor enomoya ohlanzekile ukuze baxubane nophethiloli. Kodwa isistimu ayisebenzi ngoba awekho amapharamitha we-vacuum anele wokumunca. Ngakho-ke, kwasungulwa igatsha elincane elengeziwe. Ixhuma i-crankcase outlet esikhaleni esingemuva kwe-carburetor throttle, lapho kufakwa i-vacuum ephezulu.

Ngezansi kunomdwebo onemininingwane ye-carburetor ye-K-151 enezimpawu:

Indlela yokusetha ngezandla zakho

Ukuze ulungise i-carburetor ye-K-151, uzodinga isethi encane yamathuluzi alandelayo:

• izikulufriji eziphansi nezikaPhillips;
• ukubusa;
• i-cavernometer;
• ukulungisa nokubhoboza ama-probe (d= 6 mm);
• i-inflater

Ukuze ususe i-carburetor, uzodinga ama-wrenches avulekile noma ama-wrenches amabhokisi ngosayizi 7, 8, 10 no-13.

Ngaphambi kokulungisa, susa ingxenye engenhla ye-carburetor, ihlanze ukungcola kanye ne-soot. Kulesi sigaba, ungabheka izinga likaphethiloli ekamelweni le-float. Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Susa i-carburetor kuphela uma kunesidingo! Ukuvunguza ngomoya ocindezelweyo kanye nokushaywa kwamanzi akuqedi imiphumela yokuvala amasango nokungcoliswa kwamajethi (iziteshi).

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-carb engangcolile kakhulu isebenza kanye nehlanzekile ngokuphelele. Izingxenye ezihambayo ziyazihlanza, ukungcola akungeni ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kudingekile ukuhlanza i-carburetor ngaphandle, ezindaweni lapho izinhlayiya ezinkulu zokungcola zinamathela ezingxenyeni ezihambayo (kumshini we-lever kanye nesistimu yokuqala).

Sizocubungula ukuhlakazwa kwengxenye yedivayisi nakho konke ukulungiswa nokuhlanganiswa okulandelayo.

Ukususwa kanye nokuqaqa i-algorithm

I-algorithm yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokususa nokuqaqa i-carburetor ye-K-151:

• vula ihood yemoto bese ususa indlu yokuhlunga umoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, qaqa futhi ukhiphe ubakaki abangaphezulu, bese kuba ingxenye yesihlungi. Ngokhiye ongu-10, qaqa amantongomane angu-3 abambe indlu yokuhlunga bese uwakhipha;

• khipha ipulaki ku-EPHX microswitch;

• ngemva kokunqamula wonke ama-hoses nezinduku, ngokhiye we-13 sikhipha amantongomane angu-4 anamathisela i-carburetor ku-manifold. Manje sisusa i-carburetor ngokwayo. Okubalulekile! Kungcono ukumaka amapayipi nezixhumi ngaphambi kokuwakhipha, ukuze kungabikho lutho oluxubene phakathi nokuhlanganiswa kwawo;

• susa i-carburetor. Siqaqa izikulufo zokulungisa ezingu-7 nge-screwdriver bese sisusa ikhava ephezulu, singakhohlwa ukunqamula induku ye-air damper drive kusuka ku-lever;

• geza i-carburetor nge-ejenti yokuhlanza ekhethekile. Ngalezi zinhloso, uphethiloli noma uphalafini nawo ufanelekile. Imibhobho ishaywa umoya ocindezelweyo. Sihlola ubuqotho be-gaskets, uma kunesidingo, sishintshe sibe esisha kusuka kukhithi yokulungisa. Qaphela! Ungawashi i-carburetor ngama-solvents aqinile, njengoba lokhu kungalimaza i-diaphragm nezimpawu zenjoloba;
• lapho uqaqa i-carburetor, ungalungisa idivayisi yokuqala. Uma ingasebenzi kahle, kuzoba nzima ukuqala injini emakhazeni. Sizokhuluma ngalesi silungiselelo kamuva;
• hlanganisa i-carburetor nekepisi eliphezulu. Sixhuma i-block of microswitches kanye nazo zonke izintambo ezidingekayo.

Uma ngokuzumayo ukhohlwe ukuthi iyiphi i-hose okufanele unamathele kuyo, siphakamisa ukusebenzisa uhlelo olulandelayo (lwenjini ye-ZMZ-402):

4- ukufakwa kwe-vacuum ku-vacuum ignition controller (VROS); I-5-vacuum yokudonsa i-valve ye-EPHH; 6 - ukufakwa kwegesi ye-crankcase; Ukukhethwa kwezingono ezingu-9 zevacuum ku-valve ye-EGR; 13 - ukufakwa kwe-vacuum ohlelweni lwe-EPCHG; Iziteshi ezingama-30 zokukhipha uphethiloli; 32 - isiteshi sokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli.

Enjini ye-ZMZ 406, i-carburetor ekhethekile ye-K-151D inikezwa, lapho kungekho khona inombolo efanelekile 4. Umsebenzi wokusabalalisa wenziwa inzwa ye-electronic othomathikhi yokucindezela (DAP), exhunywe nge-hose ku-multiple intake, lapho ifunda khona imingcele ye-vacuum ku-carburetor. Uma kungenjalo, ukuxhuma ama-hoses enjini ye-406 akufani nomdwebo ongenhla.

Ungalilungisa kanjani izinga likaphethiloli legumbi lokuntanta

Izinga elivamile likaphethiloli le-carburetors K-151 kufanele libe ngu-215mm. Ngaphambi kokulinganisa, sipompa inani elidingekayo likaphethiloli ekamelweni sisebenzisa i-lever yepompo yesandla.

Izinga lingabhekwa ngaphandle kokukhipha phezulu kwe-carburetor (bheka isithombe ngenhla). Esikhundleni sepulaki yokudonsa yegumbi lokuntanta, kufakwe intambo ye-M10 × 1, i-hose esobala enobubanzi obungu-9 mm ixhunywe kuyo.

Uma izinga lingalungile, khulula i-carburetor cap ukuze uthole ukufinyelela ekamelweni lokuntanta. Ngokushesha nje lapho ususa ingxenye engenhla, ngokushesha ulinganise izinga nge-gauge yokujula (kusuka endizeni ephezulu ye-carburetor kuya kulayini wamafutha). Iqiniso liwukuthi uphethiloli uyahwamuka ngokushesha lapho usebenza nomkhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa.

Enye inketho yokulawula ileveli ukukala ibanga ukusuka endizeni ephezulu yesixhumi segumbi ukuya kuntanta ngokwayo. Kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-10,75-11,25 mm. Uma kwenzeka ukuphambuka kule parameter, kuyadingeka ukugoba ngokucophelela ulimi (4) ohlangothini olulodwa noma kwenye. Ngemuva kokugoba ngakunye kolimi, uphethiloli kufanele ukhishwe egumbini, bese ugcwaliswa kabusha. Ngakho, izilinganiso zezinga likaphethiloli zizonemba kakhulu.

Isimo esibalulekile sokusebenza kwesistimu yokulawula izinga likaphethiloli ubuqotho bendandatho yokuvala irabha (6) enaliti yokukhiya, kanye nokuqina kwe-float.

Qalisa ukulungiswa

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukusetha idivayisi yokuqalisa, kufanele uzijwayeze ngokucophelela ngedivayisi yakho kanye nesekhethi.

I-algorithm yokulungisa:

1. Ngenkathi uphendula i-throttle lever, ngasikhathi sinye hambisa i-choke lever (13) ize iyofika kwesokunxele. Silungisa ngentambo noma ngocingo. Ngosizo lokulungisa ama-probes, silinganisa igebe phakathi kwe-throttle nodonga lwegumbi (A). Kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-1,5-1,8 mm. Uma igebe lingahambisani nesimiso, sikhulula i-nati yokukhiya ngokhiye othi "8" futhi nge-screwdriver, siphendulela isikulufu, setha igebe oyifunayo.
2. Siqhubeka nokulungisa ubude benduku (8). Ixhuma i-trigger control cam kanye nelever yokulawula ukuminyanisa. Lapho uqaqa ikhanda elinentambo engu-11 (ezinguqulweni zokuqala ze-carburetor), igebe (B) phakathi kwama-levers 9 no-6 libekwe lilingana no-0,2-0,8 mm.
3. Kulesi simo, i-lever 6 kufanele ithinte izimpondo 5. Uma kungenjalo, qaqa isikulufu bese uphendulela isileva esingu-6 kwesokunxele size sime ngezimpondo zesileva sezingalo ezimbili (5). Kumamodeli we-carburetor aphuzile, igebe (B) lisethwa ngokukhulula isikulufu esivikela isicathulo ku-cam 13 futhi sisinyuse phezulu nesiqu, bese siqinisa isikulufu.
4. Ekugcineni, hlola igebe (B). Ngemva kokucwila induku 1, faka i-drill engu-6 mm esikhaleni esiwumphumela (B) (ukuchezuka okungu-± 1 mm kuvunyelwe). Uma ingangeni emgodini noma incane kakhulu kuyo, ngokukhipha isikulufa esingu-4 nokuhambisa i-lever yezingalo ezimbili, sifinyelela imvume edingekayo.

Ividiyo ebonakalayo ekusetheni isiqalisi se-carburetor yemodeli entsha ye-K-151:

Ukusetha isistimu yokungenzi lutho

Ukulungiswa kwe-idling kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini enokuqukethwe okuncane kwe-carbon oxides (CO) eyingozi kumagesi wokuphuma. Kodwa njengoba akuwona wonke umuntu onayo i-analyzer yegesi etholakalayo, i-tachometer nayo ingashintshwa, kuye ngokuthi imizwa yakho evela enjini.

Okokuqala, siqala injini bese siyifudumeza (isikulufu sobuningi 1 sifakwe endaweni engafanele). Susa ipulaki 2 ye-screw shank XNUMX, uma ikhona.

Okubalulekile! I-choke kufanele ivuleke ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kokungenzi lutho.

Ngemva kokufudumala nge-screw yekhwalithi, sithola indawo lapho ijubane lenjini lizoba khona kakhulu (okuncane futhi injini izomisa).

Okulandelayo, usebenzisa isikulufu senani, khulisa isivinini cishe ngo-100-120 rpm ngaphezu kwesivinini sokungenzi lutho emiyalweni yasefekthri.

Ngemuva kwalokho, isikulufu sekhwalithi siyaqiniswa kuze kube yilapho ijubane lehla liye ku-100-120 rpm, okungukuthi, ezingeni elishiwo lefektri. Lokhu kuqeda ukulungiswa kokungenzi lutho. Kulula ukulawula izilinganiso usebenzisa i-tachometer ye-electronic ekude.

Uma usebenzisa i-analyzer yegesi, isilawuli (CO) kumagesi wokuqeda akufanele sidlule i-1,5%.

Sethula ekunakekeleni kwakho ividiyo ethokozisayo, futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ewusizo, okulula ukulungisa isivinini sokungenzi lutho ku-carburetor yanoma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwe-K-151:

Ukungasebenzi kahle nokuqedwa kwabo

Ukubanda kwezindlu ze-economizer

I-carburetor ye-K-151 kwezinye izinjini inesici esingemnandi. Esimweni sezulu esingesihle esimanzi, ingxube kaphethiloli ku-carburetor igxila ezindongeni zayo. Lokhu kungenxa ye-vacuum ephezulu eziteshini ezingenzi lutho (ingxube ihamba ngokushesha okukhulu, okubangela ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokwakheka kweqhwa). Okokuqala, umzimba we-economizer uyabanda, njengoba umoya ungena ku-carburetor kusuka lapha, futhi isigaba sokudlula seziteshi lapha sincane kakhulu.

Kulokhu, ukunikeza umoya oshisayo kuphela kusihlungi somoya kungasiza.

Umgqomo we-hose yokungenisa umoya ungaphonswa ngqo ku-manifold. Noma wenze okuthiwa "i-brazier" - isihlangu sokushisa esenziwe ngepuleti yensimbi, etholakala emapayipini okukhipha umoya futhi lapho i-hose ye-ventilation yomoya ixhunywe khona (bheka Fig.).

Futhi, ukuze sinciphise ubungozi benkinga yokubanda kwezomnotho, safudumeza injini ukuze ifike ezingeni lokushisa elisebenza ngamadigri angu-60 ngaphambi kohambo. Naphezu kwe-gasket yokuvikela enjini, i-carburetor isathola ukushisa okuthile.

Ukugqoka i-flange

Ngokuhlakazeka njalo nokususwa kwe-carburetor, kanye namandla amakhulu lapho uqinisa i-flange enjinini, indiza yayo ingase ikhubazeke.

Ukusebenza nge-flange eyonakele kubangela ukuvuza komoya, ukuvuza kukaphethiloli neminye imiphumela emibi.

Ziningi izindlela zokuxazulula le nkinga. Kodwa elula futhi engabizi kakhulu yile ndlela elandelayo:

1. Sishisa indiza ye-carburetor flange nge-burner yegesi. Okokuqala, susa zonke izingxenye kanye nezingxenye ze-carburetor (izesekeli, izinsimbi, njll.).
2. Beka igumbi lokuntanta endaweni eyisicaba.
3. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-carburetor ishisa, sibeka ucezu oluqinile, ngisho nocezu lwe-carbide phezu kwe-flange. Sishaya ingxenye hhayi kanzima kakhulu, isikhathi ngasinye siyihlela kabusha ezindaweni ezahlukene. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukugoba ku-flange kuhamba emaphethelweni, endaweni yezimbobo ze-bolt.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nendlela yokuhlela itomu, sincoma ukubuka ividiyo ethokozisayo:

Ukuze uvimbele ukugoba okuqhubekayo kwe-flange, vele uyiqinise ngokulinganayo kanye ku-motor futhi ungayisusi futhi. Njengoba sibonile ngaphambili, i-carburetor ingahlanzwa futhi ilungiswe ngaphandle kokuyikhipha enjini.

Ukuguqulwa

I-carburetor ye-K-151 ifakwe ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezinezinjini ze-ZMZ ne-YuMZ ezinomthamo we-2,3 kuya ku-2,9 amalitha. Kwakukhona nezinhlobonhlobo ze-carburetor yezinjini ezincane UZAM 331 (b) -3317. Igama lezinhlamvu emzimbeni we-carburetor lisho ukuba yiqembu elithile lezinjini, kuye ngemingcele yejethi.

Idatha yokulinganisa yazo zonke izinguquko ze-carburetor ye-K-151

Ithebula libonisa ukuthi kunezinguquko ezingu-14 sezizonke, ezidume kakhulu kuzo: K-151S, K-151D kanye ne-K-151V. Amamodeli alandelayo awajwayelekile kakhulu: K-151E, K-151Ts, K-151U. Okunye ukuguqulwa kuyivelakancane kakhulu.

I-K-151S

Ukuguqulwa okuthuthuke kakhulu kwe-carburetor ejwayelekile yi-K-151S.

I-atomizer yepompo ye-accelerator isebenza emakamelweni amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ububanzi be-diffuser encane buncishiswa ngo-6mm futhi inomklamo omusha.

Lesi sinqumo sivumele ukukhulisa amandla emoto ngesilinganiso esingu-7%. Futhi ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-valve omoya kanye ne-throttle manje kuyaqhubeka (bheka isithombe ngezansi). I-choke ingavulwa ngaphandle kokucindezela i-accelerator pedal. Imingcele emisha yemibhobho yomthamo yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanje zezindinganiso zemvelo.

I-K-151S Carburetor

I-K-151D

I-carburetor yafakwa ezinjini ze-ZM34061.10 / ZM34063.10, lapho i-angle yokuthungela ilawulwa ubuchopho be-elekthronikhi.

Umsabalalisi uye wathathelwa indawo i-DBP, efunda amapharamitha wokucindezelwa kwegesi ephumayo ephuma kuxhaphozi eningi, ngakho-ke i-K-151D ayinayo idivayisi yesampula ye-vacuum kusilawuli sesikhathi sokubasa kwevacuum.

Ngesizathu esifanayo, ayikho i-EPHX microswitch ku-carb.

I-K-151V

I-carburetor ine-valve yokungalingani kwegumbi elintantayo eline-valve ye-solenoid. Ngemuva kwekamelo kukhona ukulingana lapho i-hose ye-ventilation ixhunywe khona. Lapho nje ucisha ukuthungela, i-electromagnetic ivula ukufinyelela ekamelweni, futhi umhwamuko kaphethiloli oweqile ungena emkhathini, ngaleyo ndlela ulingana nokucindezela.

Isidingo sohlelo olunjalo savela ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-carburetor kumamodeli wokuthekelisa we-UAZ, anikezwa amazwe anesimo sezulu esishisayo.

I-valve ye-Solenoid yokungalinganisi igumbi lokuntanta i-K-151V

I-carburetor ayinayo into evamile yokukhipha uphethiloli kanye ne-vacuum supply ku-valve ye-EGR. Isidingo sazo sizovela kumamodeli akamuva e-carburetor anesistimu ejwayelekile yokudlula uphethiloli.

Ukufingqa

I-carburetor ye-K-151 izenzele njengokwethenjelwa, engathobeki futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Konke ukuwohloka nokushiyeka kuyo kuqedwa kalula. Ezinguqulweni zakamuva, konke ukushiyeka kwamamodeli wangaphambilini kususiwe. Futhi uma usetha kahle futhi uqaphe isimo sesihlungi somoya, "151" ngeke sikukhathaze isikhathi eside.