EJalimane - ishwa liqala
16 Juni 1937 wangena Wilhelmshaven Panzerschiff Deutschland. Kuphela i-aft flagship yayiyehlise phakathi, futhi ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kwamalungu eqembu kubonisa ukuthi kwenzekeni emasontweni amabili edlule e-Ibiza. Iqoqo Lezithombe lika-Andrzej Danilevich
Lapho, ngo-July 1936, oJenene uFranco, uMola noSanjurjo bevukela ukubusa kwePopular Front, beqala iMpi Yombango YaseSpain, amathemba abo okuthatha lonke izwe ngokushesha aba ihaba. Kodwa-ke, bangathembela osizweni oluvela phesheya - izithunywa ezahlangana noHitler eBayreuth ngesonto ngemva kokuqala kwempi, ngemva kwamahora ambalwa elindile, zezwa ukuthi i-Reich yaseJalimane izosekela "amabutho kazwelonke". Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Panzerschiff (umkhumbi wezikhali) i-Deutschland yayisendleleni eya echwebeni laseBasque laseSan Sebastian futhi ngokushesha yabonisa ukuthi iKriegsmarine izothatha luphi uhlangothi kule ngxabano. Esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka kamuva, ukusebenza kwakhe kwesine e-Navy of the Committee of Non-Intervention kwaqedwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngamabhomu amabili awela phezu kwakhe esuka endizeni yaseRiphabhulikhi ngenkathi esogwini lwase-Ibiza.
I-Deutschland yangena enkonzweni ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili u-Adolf Hitler ethathe izintambo njengoShansela, ngo-Ephreli 2, 1st. Ngaleso sikhathi, abezindaba baseBrithani bayibiza - futhi yaduma kakhulu - "i-pocket warship". Lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi ubukhulu babagibeli bemikhumbi "Washington", ngokuqinisekile wabadlula ngezikhali zakhe ezisindayo (izibhamu ze-1933-mm zango-6), ngenkathi engahlomile kakhulu kunayo yonke imikhumbi yempi "yangempela", yayishesha futhi. yayinobubanzi obukhulu bendiza (inzuzo yesibili yayihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kukadizili). Lezi zici zokuqala zaziyindlela yokweqa enye yezinhlinzeko zeSivumelwano SaseVersailles, esenqabela iJalimane ukwakha "imikhumbi yezikhali" ngokufuduka okujwayelekile kwamathani angaphezu kuka-280 10, okuzokwenza imikhumbi yakhe ingakwazi ukusongela imikhumbi yempi yomhlaba. amandla. Umkhawulo ubeke inselele enkulu kubaklami baseJalimane, kodwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okukhulu kwe-welding kagesi, ama-turrets ezibhamu ezintathu nokunye okuningi okusha, "umkhiqizo" wabo uphumelele - ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ukususwa kwawo kudlule umkhawulo ngo-000. amathani.
NgoDisemba 1933, i-Deutschland yayingemuva kwakho konke ukuhlolwa, ukuqeqeshwa nokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ngo-April 1934, uHitler wavakashela eNorway, eyisebenzisa njengendlela yokuhamba. NgoJuni, wahamba ne-light cruiser Cologne eya e-Atlantic, yomibili imikhumbi yenza izivivinyo zezikhali lapho. Kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMfumfu, ubeyisikhulu esiphezulu se-Kriegsmarine, ngoDisemba wavakashela echwebeni laseLeith laseScotland. Ngo-March 1935 wahamba
ohambweni oluya emachwebeni aseBrazil, futhi evakashele eTrinidad nase-Aruba (kwakukhona ukuhlolwa kwenjini, umkhumbi wabuyela eWilhelmshaven nge-12 NM "ekhawuntani"). Ngo-Okthoba, newele lakhe, u-Admiral Scheer, wenza izivivinyo eCanary nase-Azores. Ngo-July 286, 24, lapho ethunyelwa eSpain, wahlolwa ngobuchwepheshe, wavakashela eCopenhagen.
NgoJulayi 26 "Deutschland" kanye no-Admiral Scheer ohambisana naye bafika eSan Sebastian, bebamba iqhaza ekuthuthweni kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezakhamuzi zamazwe ahlukene. I-Deutschland yahlala e-Bay of Biscay futhi yahamba ngomkhumbi yalibangisa e-A Coruña ngeBilbao naseGijón ezinsukwini ezilandelayo. Ngo-August 3, kanye nesikebhe i-Luchs torpedo, wangena e-Ceuta (ephikisana ne-Gibraltar) futhi wayala ibutho le-cadmium elithunyelwe eSpain. URolf Karls wathola zonke izindondo ezivela emabuthweni ayehlangene lapho, esizwa uJenene Franco, owadla naye. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, imikhumbi emithathu yamaRiphabhulikhi—umkhumbi wezempi i-Jaime I, i-light cruiser i-Libertad, kanye nombhubhisi u-Almirante Valdes—yavela endaweni yamavukela-mbuso izovulela ngenhlamvu kuyo, kodwa ukuqondisa kweDeutschland kwabavimbela ukuba bavule. Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, yena, kanye no-Admiral Scheer, bazulazula eStrait of Gibraltar, bevumela imikhumbi ethwele izikhali ezinzima isuka eCeuta iya e-Algeciras kangangokuthi amavukela-mbuso ayedinga okuningi ukuze adlule ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga, i-Deutschland yabuyela eWilhelmshaven, ivakashela i-Barcelona (Agasti 9), iCadiz neMalaga. Ngo-Okthoba 1, waqala omunye umkhankaso obheke ogwini lweNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, enomsebenzi wokugada emanzini eduze kwase-Alicante, okwakusho ukugada iCartagena, isizinda esikhulu semikhumbi yamaRiphabhulikhi (indiza yasolwandle yasetshenziselwa le njongo. ); Ngomhla zingama-21 kuLwezi, ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngemva kokuba iBerlin neRoma beqashe ngokusemthethweni uhulumeni kaGeneral Franco, wabuyela eWilhelmshaven. NgoJanuwari 31, 1937, waqala ukugijima okwesithathu, ethula i-Admiral Graf Spee emanzini eduze kwaseCeuta. Ngesikhathi sokunqotshwa kweMalaga yizihlubuki (ngoFebhuwari 3-8), wamboza abagibeli bemikhumbi begoqa ichweba ekuhlaselweni kweqembu lemikhumbi yaseRiphabhlikhi (kwesobunxele eCartagena, kodwa basuka ezenzweni ezicasulayo zamayunithi aseJalimane nase-Italy).
