Injini ye-FSI - kuyini? Isimiso sokusebenza, ukulungisa kanye nokwehluka kwezinye izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi

Umehluko omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwamayunithi kagesi e-FSI asuka kwamanye amadivaysi omlilo ayimishini usekuhlinzekweni kukaphethiloli onomfutho ophezulu ngokusebenzisa umlomo wombhobho oqonde ngqo egumbini elivuthayo.

Injini yezimoto esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-FSI yasungulwa elabhorethri ye-Mitsubishi ukukhathazeka, futhi namuhla ama-motor anjalo asevele efakwe ezinhlobonhlobo zezimoto ezivela kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene baseYurophu, baseMelika naseJapane. I-Volkswagen ne-Audi babhekwa ngokufanelekile njengabaholi ekukhiqizeni amayunithi kagesi e-FSI, cishe zonke izimoto zazo manje ezifakwe lezi zinjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimotweni zabo izinjini ezinjalo, kodwa ngamavolumu amancane: BMW, Ford, Mazda, Infiniti, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz futhi General Motors.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinjini ze-FSI kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa okuyingozi kwezimoto futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-10-15%.

Umehluko omkhulu kusuka kumiklamo edlule

Isici esibalulekile esihlukanisayo se-FSI ukuba khona kwamasistimu kaphethiloli amabili alandelanayo ahlinzeka ngophethiloli. Esokuqala isistimu yokubuyisela uphethiloli enengcindezi ephansi ehlala ijikeleza exhuma ithangi legesi, iphampu yokuhambisa amanzi, isihluthulelo, inzwa yokulawula, kanye nepayipi lokuhambisa uphethiloli ohlelweni lwesibili.

Isifunda sesibili sinikeza uphethiloli kumjovo wokufafaza nokunikezela kumasilinda ukuze ashise futhi, ngenxa yalokho, enze umsebenzi wemishini.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwamakhonto

Umsebenzi wesifunda sokuqala sokujikeleza uwukuhlinzeka ngophethiloli kweyesibili. Ihlinzeka ngokujikeleza okuqhubekayo kukaphethiloli phakathi kwethangi likaphethiloli kanye nedivayisi yomjovo kaphethiloli, efakwa njengombhobho wokufutha.

Ukugcina imodi yokujikeleza njalo kunikezwa ipompo etholakala ku-tank gas. Inzwa efakiwe ihlale iqapha izinga lokucindezela kumjikelezo futhi idlulisela lolu lwazi kuyunithi ye-elekthronikhi, okuthi, uma kunesidingo, ingashintsha ukusebenza kwepompo ukuze kutholakale uphethiloli ozinzile kumjikelezo wesibili.

Umsebenzi wesifunda sesibili ukuqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwenani elidingekayo likaphethiloli we-athomu emakamelweni avuthayo enjini.

Ukwenza lokhu, kuhlanganisa:

• iphampu yokuhlinzeka ngohlobo lwe-plunger ukuze idale umfutho odingekayo kaphethiloli lapho inikezwa ku-nozzle;
• isilawuli esifakwe empompini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamafutha amamitha;
• inzwa yokulawula ukushintsha kwengcindezi;
• umlomo wombhobho wokufafaza uphethiloli ngesikhathi sokujova;
• irempu yokusabalalisa;
• i-valve yokuphepha, ukuvikela izakhi zesistimu.

Ukuxhumana komsebenzi wazo zonke izakhi kunikezwa idivayisi ekhethekile yokulawula i-elekthronikhi ngokusebenzisa ama-actuator. Ukuthola ingxube evuthayo yekhwalithi ephezulu, kufakwa imitha yokugeleza komoya, isilawuli sokugeleza komoya kanye namadrayivu okulawula amanzi omoya. Amadivaysi e-elekthronikhi okulawula ahlinzeka ngesilinganiso senani likaphethiloli we-athomu nomoya odingekayo ekushisweni kwawo, okucaciswe uhlelo.

Ngendlela, ku-portal yethu ye-vodi.su, kukhona isihloko lapho uzofunda khona ukusebenzisa isiqalo senjini esheshayo.

Isimiso sokulungisa

Ekusebenzeni kwenjini ye-FSI, kunezindlela ezintathu zokwakheka kwengxube evuthayo, kuye ngomthwalo wenjini:

• i-homogeneous stoichiometric, eyenzelwe ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla ngesivinini esikhulu nemithwalo esindayo;
• i-homogeneous homogeneous, yokusebenza kwemoto kumamodi aphakathi;
• i-layer, yokusebenza kwenjini ngesivinini esiphakathi nesiphansi.

Esimweni sokuqala, indawo ye-throttle air damper inqunywa kuye ngokuthi i-accelerator ikuphi, ama-dampers okuphuza avuliwe ngokugcwele, futhi umjovo kaphethiloli uvela ekushayweni kwenjini ngakunye. I-coefficient yomoya owedlulele wokushiswa kukaphethiloli ilingana neyodwa futhi ukushiswa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kufinyelelwa kule ndlela yokusebenza.

Ngejubane eliphakathi kwenjini, i-valve ye-throttle ivula ngokugcwele futhi ama-valve okuphuza ayavalwa, ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso somoya esingaphezulu sigcinwa ku-1,5 futhi kuze kufike ku-25% wamagesi okukhipha angaxutshwa engxenyeni yamafutha ukuze asebenze kahle.

Ku-carburetion ene-stratified, ama-flaps okungenisa avaliwe, futhi i-valve ye-throttle ivaliwe futhi ivuliwe kuye ngomthwalo wenjini. I-coefficient yomoya owedlulele isebangeni ukusuka ku-1,5 kuye ku-3,0. Umoya owedlulele osele kuleli cala udlala indima ye-insulator yokushisa ephumelelayo.

Njengoba ubona, isimiso sokusebenza kwenjini ye-FSI sisekelwe ekushintsheni inani lomoya elihlinzekwa ukulungiswa kwengxube evuthayo, inqobo nje uma uphethiloli unikezwa ngokuqondile ekamelweni elivuthayo ngokusebenzisa i-spray nozzle. Ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli nomoya kulawulwa izinzwa, ama-actuator kanye neyunithi yokulawula injini ye-elekthronikhi.

Iyalayisha...