I-Ferrari 512 BB vs. Lamborghini Miura P 400 SV: emuva phakathi - Sportscars
Umuntu angase ashwabene ikhala lapho ebona izimoto ezimbili zezemidlalo zihlangene ezimele amashumi amabili eminyaka ahlukene embonini yezimoto yezemidlalo ehamba phambili yase-Italy, ngeminyaka yamashumi ayisithupha ekhulwini elidlule. UMiura namashumi ayisikhombisa for BB. Kodwa, uma sibheka imininingwane yalezi zindaba ezimbili, ezingahlangani, kodwa ziphambana, siyaqonda ukuthi kunengqondo kangakanani ukuzihlanganisa kunokuba kungase kubonakale ekuqaleni.
Ake siqale ngeqiniso lokuthi lezi zilo ezimbili enkonzweni yethu ziyizinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu zamamodeli azo (angizange ngicabangele i-512 BBi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-12-barrel Sant'Agata carburetors), kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngonyaka lapho i-“Miura variant” yayeka ukukhiqizwa I-BB (hhayi i-512, kodwa i-365 GT4, noma uchungechunge lokuqala lwale Berlinetta Ferrari emangalisayo), yaqala uhambo lwayo emakethe yezemidlalo, yabangela ukuxokozela phakathi kwabalandeli, njenge-Miura. eyenziwe eminyakeni eyisikhombisa edlule.
Kodwa ngokulandelana. Ngo-1965 eTurin Motor Show esitobhini Lamborghini I-chassis emisha imakwe i-PT 400 (okungukuthi 4 litre transverse ngemuva) enohlaka lwensimbi nesakhiwo sensimbi kanye nezimbobo zokukhanya ezihlukahlukene, lapho uqala ukuyibuka efana naleyo esetshenziswa ezimotweni zomjaho, ibonakale iyinhle kakhulu. Lo msebenzi wobuciko wemishini (manje ophethwe ngabaqoqi ababili baseMelika, uJoe Saki noGary Bobileff) waklanywa unjiniyela. UGian Paolo Dallara (umdali we-Veyron chassis namuhla) ukuze afake injini engu-12-litre 3.9-cylinder (3.929 cc, 350 hp ku-7.000 rpm) endaweni ephambene emaphakathi eklanywe omunye umuntu ngaphandle kukanjiniyela. UGiotto Bizzarrini.
Lokhu kubukeka okudlulayo, okwabangela ukuzwela phakathi kwabathandi bezimoto zezemidlalo, bekulindeleke ukuthi kube noshintsho olucacile enkambweni yokuthi imoto ene-chassis enjalo (yebo, i-Miura) izoletha ngaphandle kokuphikisana emhlabeni wezimoto zezemidlalo. I-Miura yokuqala, i-P400, yethulwa ngo-1966 embukisweni wezimoto i-Geneva Motor Show futhi yaphinda imizwa nempumelelo ye-chassis eyayiwuphethe. Wenza wonke umuntu ohilelekile yobudala ngokucwayiza kweso ngemigqa yakhe yekusasa (okwangaleso sikhathi), ehlelekile futhi ebekwe phansi, eklanywe insizwa. UMarcello Gandini, enekhambi eliwubukhazikhazi lamahodlo amabili amakhulu avuleka njengencwadi, akhiphe izimfihlo zemishini yemoto futhi ashiye isakhiwo sangaphakathi phakathi nendawo sicishe sidalulwe. Indlela yokwenza izinguquko esikhulume ngayo nayo yasiza ukuyenza iMartian.
Uma sikhuluma ngemishini, kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ukuze kusindiswe iqembu lonke injini ngaphakathi kwama-ekseli amabili (kulokhu inkinga i-asi yangemuva) u-Bizzarrini (owayethanda kakhulu lokhu kuhlelwa kwenjini waze wasebenzisa izinjini zangaphambili, zombili kwiFerrari 250 GTO yodumo kanye naku-"yakhe" i-Bizzarrini 5300 GT Strada) ibekwe Isivinini I-Miura P400 ngaphansi kwebhulokhi yesilinda. Ngemva kokukhiqiza amakhophi amathathu okuqala emoto, unjiniyela uDallara (wasiza kuphrojekthi ye-Miura, isiNgisi. Paolo Stanzani kanye nomshayeli wokuhlola waseNew Zealand UBob wallace) wabona ukuthi ukujikisa injini ukuya kwewashi (uma ubuka imoto kwesokunxele) akuvumeli injini ukuthi ihambe kahle. Isiqondiso sokuzungezisa sabe sesihlehliswa, okuvumela ukulethwa kwamandla okuvamile. Ukukhethwa kokuklama ukubeka indawo yokugcina amanzi phakathi kwekhabhinethi kanye ne-hood yangaphambili, ekuqaleni eyayibonakala njengeqanda likaColumbus ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusabalalisa isisindo, empeleni kwadala izinkinga ezithile ochungechungeni lokuqala lwe-Miura (amayunithi angama-475 enziwe kusukela ngo-1966 kuya ku-1969) njengokuchithwa kancane kancane umbani ekhaleni lethangi, elaqala "ukuntanta" ngesivinini esikhulu, ngenxa yokuthi amasondo angaphambili alahlekelwa ukubamba okudingekayo nokuzinza kokuqondisa.
Le ukusebenza I-Miura esezingeni eliphezulu (ijubane eliphezulu elingu-280 km/h) yenza le nkinga yaba sobala, uma kubhekwa ukuthi abanikazi bomgwaqo oshesha kakhulu emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi babengagcini nje ngokuwusebenzisela ukuhamba ngezinyawo. Kulokhu, enye i-drawback yochungechunge lokuqala lwe-P400 Miura kwaba amabhuleki (engangikwazi ukuzibonela ngami, okwangidumaza kakhulu, phakathi nohambo olusuka eMilan luya e-Sant'Agata): uhlelo olufakwe enguqulweni yokuqala aluzange luvumele ukuthi kusetshenziswe amandla aphelele alesi silo kanye nokusabela ekucindezelweni. kumaphedali bekulinganiselwe futhi sekwephuzile. Lezi zindaba zentsha zadingidwa ngokwengxenye ohlelweni lwesibili lwe-Miura, i-P 400 S ka-1969, ngenxa yokwamukelwa. amathayi ibanzi futhi ihlomisa isistimu yamabhuleki entsha ngemoto ozifakele umoya ngobubanzi obukhulu. Lapho amandla injini, ngenxa yokwanda okulula kwesilinganiso sokucindezela (esikhuphuke sisuka ku-9,5: 1 saya ku-10,4: 1), sakhuphuka sisuka ku-350 saya ku-370 hp, saphinde safika ku-7.000 rpm, futhi ijubane lenyuka laya ku-287 km / h .Quartet carburetors I-Weber 40 IDA 30 enemizimba emithathu, ekwazi ukuncintisana ngokoqobo, yashintshwa ngethangi elincane ukuze kukhishwe uphethiloli ongashisiwe ukuze kunqotshwe ukushiyeka okutholakala ochungechungeni lokuqala.
I-P 400 S yaqhubeka nokukhiqizwa (amayunithi angu-140 kuphela) ngisho nalapho inguqulo yokugcina ye-Miura yethulwa ngo-1971, ephelele kakhulu futhi ephelele (futhi namuhla futhi ecashunwe kakhulu futhi eceliwe): P400 SV. Lokhu kuthukuthela, ekugcineni kwaphela amashiya ezungeze izibani zangaphambili (ngaphandle kwalezo zikhathi ezingavamile lapho umthengi esafuna lezo zinhlayiya eziyela ngasocansini, njengoba kwenzeka ngesampula yesevisi yethu eyakhiwe nguFerruccio Lamborghini ngokwakhe), amaphiko Ingemuva inwetshiwe ukuze ikwazi ukumumatha amathayi amasha angu-235/15/60 okwenza ikwazi ukuhlaba umxhwele nakakhulu kanye nenjini enamandla angu-385 hp. ku-7.850 rpm, okwavumela i-SV ukuba ihambe ngesivinini esimangalisayo se-295 km / h (futhi sikhuluma ngo-1971).
Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva komsebenzi ohlonishwayo owathatha cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa (lapho osaziwayo abaningi abanjengoClaudio Villa, uTony omncane, uBobby Solo, uGino Paoli, u-Elton John noDean Martin, kanye namakhosi afana neNkosi uHussein yaseJordani noma uMohammad Reza Pahlavi. , bayisebenzise njengemoto yabo siqu), u-Miura oguquguqukayo washiya indawo ekupheleni kuka-72 (owokugcina wamamodeli angu-150 P 400 SV, inombolo ye-chassis 5018, wathengiswa entwasahlobo ka-73), umphikisi wakhe ofanelekayo, Ferrari I-365 GT4 BB ingene ekukhiqizweni.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kwase kuyisikhathi soshintsho olukhulu endleleni yokusebenza kwemishini yenkampani yakwaMaranello: ngemuva komzamo wokuqala wamahloni nge. amasilinda ayishumi nambili Kusukela ku-250 LM, eyahlala cishe imoto yezemidlalo ejwayele umgwaqo, ku-365 GT / 4 BB Ferrari yaphinde yahambisa injini, kulokhu ngokuxoshwa "okubalulekile" kakhulu (4.390,35 cc) kunaleyo. I-Le Mans kanye ne-6-cylinder Dino 206 GT yangaphambilini, ngemuva komshayeli ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusatshalaliswa kwesisindo kanjalo nokushunwa nokubamba umgwaqo. Ngakho-ke i-365 GT4 BB kube yiFerrari yokuqala ehamba emgwaqeni enamasilinda angu-12 ukuba injini ifakwe ngemuva komshayeli.
Kwaba impumelelo enkulu elethwa abasha Berlinette Boxer nguMaranello, imoto eshisekayo enemigqa eshubile necijile, ephansi futhi enolaka, njengokungathi insimbi ephansi. Kodwa izindaba azigcinanga lapho: i-365 GT4 BB, empeleni, bekuyiFerrari yokuqala ehamba umgwaqo enenjini yesibhakela. Le njini engu-12-cylinder eguquguqukayo yayingeke ngempela ibizwe ngokuthi i-boxer, kodwa kunalokho injini engu-180-degree V-twin (noma boxer), njengoba izinduku zokuxhuma zazifakwe ngazimbili ebhereni le-shaft elilodwa kunokuba kube ama-bearings ahlukene enduku ngayinye yokuxhuma. . (njengoba kudingwa wuhlelo lwesibhakela). Le njini eqanjwe kabusha isuselwa kulwazi lweFerrari kuFomula Yesithathu enenjini engu-3 litre eyaklanywa u-Mauro Forghieri ngo-1969 (elandela i-Ferrari, i-1964 F512 kakade isendleleni ngo-1 enenjini enamasilinda ahlukile). futhi kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu baricentr aphume emotweni.
Ekubonakaleni kwayo okokuqala esidlangalaleni e-Turin Motor Show ka-1971, i-berlinetta entsha yashaqisa ngempela umcabango ohlangene wabathandi beFerrari futhi yabekwa kahle ukuze iwine ukubuyekezwa kwe-rave kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kulawo makhasimende asevele ahlole izinga eliphezulu. imikhawulo ye-Daytona yangaphambilini. Nokho, imoto entsha yafakwa ekukhiqizeni kuphela ekuqaleni kuka-1973. Amandla "eshumi nambili" i-Berlinetta Boxer, nokho, enze lokhu kubambezeleka: kusukela kumalitha angu-4,4 okufuduka, onjiniyela bakwaFerrari bakwazi "ukukhipha" amandla acishe abe ngu-400 (380 hp ku-7.700 rpm). Ngakho-ke i-365 GT/4 BB yalungiselelwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo eziphezulu zokusebenza ze-die-hard "absolute" Ferraris. Kuthiwa ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwakamuva kwalesi moto esikhulu esivela eMaranello, UGilles Villeneuve wayejwayele ukuhamba "ngokuzola okuphelele" esuka emzini wakhe eMontecarlo eya eMaranello, ekhetha i-512 BB kunendiza yakhe enophephela emhlane, njengoba, ngokusho kwakhe, isikhathi esidingekayo sohambo sasicishe sifane.
Kodwa "inganekwane" eceleni, i-BB ngokuqinisekile isalokhu ingenye yeFerraris yesimanje ethandwa kakhulu: ulaka lwayo, olungakwazi ukubhekana nalo kuphela abanolwazi olunzulu, yenze yaba into edabukisayo netusekayo engabangela ukukhathazeka nomona kwabaningi abathanda izimoto. Imigqa yayo ephazamisayo, ingaphezulu le-hood ne-windshield litshekile ukuze licasule, njengokungathi uzama ukucasha emoyeni. amalambu ahlehlekayo ukuze ungaphazamisi i-aerodynamics yasemini efanelekile, umsila onqanyuliwe nge-overhang encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-asi yangemuva (ngokungafani nengaphambili), benze i-Berlinetta Boxer into ethile yomkhumbi-mkhathi futhi bathola izinhliziyo zalabo abayibona esibukweni esibonisa ngemuva begijima ngesivinini sezinkanyezi. I-365 GT / 4 BB ifinyelele isivinini se-stratospheric ngaleso sikhathi: 295 km / h, ihamba ikhilomitha elilodwa ukusuka lapho kumile ngemizuzwana engu-25,2 kuphela.
Njengoba ine-wheelbase ende kancane kune-Daytona yangaphambilini (2.500 mm esikhundleni sika-2.400 mm) kanye nokusatshalaliswa okungcono kwesisindo okuqinisekiswe ukucushwa kwe-chassis entsha, injini isendaweni ecishe ibe maphakathi, le berlinetta ibe nokushayeka okukhethekile okuyigcine kahle emgwaqeni. ukuziphatha okuqotho, okubikezelwa abashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi kakhulu, kodwa okulinganiselwe okunzima ngempela ukuba abantu abafayo bafinyelele.
Ngo-1976, injini entsha cishe 5.000 cc. cc (4.942,84 cc) yafakwa ku-BB futhi igama layo laba ngu-512 BB. Kule nguqulo entsha yeBerlinetta evela eMaranello (imoto yethu yesevisi), imigwaqo inwetshiwe futhi kwafakwa amathayi amakhulu, okuzuzisa kakade okubalulekile. ukubamba umgwaqo. Ngokombono wobuhle, i-livery ithole umbala ombaxambili (omnyama engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba), owodwa. umonakalisi ngaphansi kwe-grille ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwekhala futhi ukuphuza umoya Iphrofayili ye-Naca ezansi kodonga oluseceleni ngemuva kwezicabha, kanye nezibani ezimbili ezinkulu eziyindilinga ezingemuva ezithathe indawo yalezo ezintathu ezedlule.
Nokho, naphezu kobukhulu benjini obukhudlwana, amandla nokusebenza kwe-berlinetta entsha kuye kwehlisiwe ngandlela-thile. Inamandla angu-360 hp. ku-7.500 rpm, ijubane eliphezulu lehla laya ku-283 km/h kuphela, okudumaza abalandeli beFerrari abashiseka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, inguqulo entsha ye-BB, eshesha kakhulu futhi elawulekayo, iyenze yafinyeleleka ezithamelini ezazingaseyona kuphela "Abashayeli Befomula".
Enguqulweni yayo yakamuva, eneumjovo kagesi Isenzo esingaqondile se-Bosch K-Jetronic esikhundleni sebhethri lama-Weber carburetor amane amakhulu anemigqomo emithathu, i-512 BBi (eyethulwe ngo-1981) ibe namalambu okuhlala amabili engeziwe ku-grille engaphambili kanye nelincane elithi "i" elilunguza kungemuva le-chrome. ipuleti lokulinganisa elinegama eliyimodeli.
Lesi sihlakaniphi esihle kakhulu seFerrari berlinette singabizwa nakanjani ngokuthi “umama” wenkathi yoshintsho olukhulu emlandweni wezimoto zomgwaqo wakwaMaranello, kokubili mayelana nokuhambisa injini ngemuva komshayeli kanye nokuhlela kabusha i-V-shape. amasilinda (awazange abuyiselwe, nokho, ngemva kokuba le Ferrari enamandla iphumile ekukhiqizeni). Ngokuqinisekile kwakungenye yamaFerrari eyayiqinisekisa imizwa abambalwa kuphela ababengakwazi ukuyifinyelela. Ukubona i-512 BB namuhla eceleni kweLamborghini mhlawumbe ethandwa kakhulu emlandweni ka-Sant'Agata kuyilungelo engikwazile ukulikhokhela ngenxa yomsebenzi wami njengomthwebuli wezithombe nentatheli.
Akungabazeki ukuthi i-Miura, ngisho nanamuhla, iyimoto engajwayelekile, kuyilapho, naphezu kokuqina kwayo okungavamile nokucija kwemigqa, i-512 BB ithatha indlela yakudala futhi ecolisisiwe. I-Miura inobuhle bemoto yomjaho, futhi ungakubona lokhu kumasentimitha acishe abe yishumi ayihlukanisa ngobude ne-BB entofontofo kakhudlwana. Kodwa ukube bebengibuze ngingasho lutho ukuthi ngikhethe okungenani eyodwa kubo, bengingeke ngikwazi ukunquma futhi bengiyophendula kanje: “Lena imisebenzi emibili yobuciko, iyingqayizivele ngokwendlela yokuklama nomakhenikha bezemidlalo. izimoto, ngingazithatha zombili? “
