F-35 Lightning II
I-Royal Air Force's 617 Squadron, eyokuqala ukuhlonyiswa nge-F-35B, ifinyelele emandleni okuqala okusebenza ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2019, futhi lolu phiko luzokwandisa isibalo sezindiza futhi luqale ukuqeqeshwa okujulile ezinyangeni ezilandelayo kulo nyaka, kuhlanganise nezwekazi. EYurophu.
I-Lockheed Martin F-5 Lightning II, indiza yesizukulwane sama-35 yokulwa enendima eminingi, inayo, inayo, futhi isazoqhubeka nokuvusa imizwa iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Lokhu kungenxa yezinkinga ezihlobene nokuthuthukiswa kwalo, izindleko zohlelo, ukuthekelisa noma ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokulwa nokusetshenziswa. Konke lokhu kusho ukuthi kakade kulo nyaka kunemicimbi eminingi emisha ehlobene nalolu hlelo efanelwe ukuxoxwa okubanzi emakhasini we-Wojska i Techniki.
Ngenxa yezihloko eziningi okufanele kuxoxwe ngazo, isethulo sihlelwa yizwekazi - i-F-35 isiwumkhiqizo womhlaba wonke, onamandla okubusa imakethe yezindiza ezilwa nempi yezwe laseNtshonalanga iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
IYurophu
NgoJanuwari 10, uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-UK umemezele ukuthi indiza yeRoyal Air Force's Lockheed Martin F-35B Lightning II isifinyelele emandleni okuqala okusebenza. I-RAF ingeyesihlanu yombutho wezomoya ukumemezela isinqumo esinjalo kuze kube manje (ilandela i-US Air Force, US Marine Corps, Hel HaAvir kanye ne-Aeronautica Militare). Umcimbi ubuse-RAF Marham, lapho kumi khona izindiza eziyisishiyagalolunye zohlobo lwe-No. 617 Squadron RAF. Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, i-F-35B izoba enye yezindiza ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulwa ze-RAF - kanye ne-Eurofighter Typhoon - ivala igebe elishiywe yindiza yokuhlasela i-Panavia Tornado GR.4, okwamanje ekhishwayo. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, iBritish Lightning II kufanele isebenze ikakhulukazi ezisekelweni zomhlaba. Ngonyaka ozayo kuphela lapho kuhlelwe khona ukuzivumelanisa ngokugcwele ukuze zisetshenziswe ezithwala izindiza, okuhlanganisa nokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kwabashayeli bezindiza nabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe. Ngalesi sizathu, uhambo lokuqala lwe-HMS Queen Elizabeth, oluhlelelwe iMedithera, Indian and Pacific Oceans, luzobe luhamba ngezindiza zase-US Marine.
Ama-F-35B amiswe e-Marham asevele aqedile ukuzilolonga kwawo kokuqala nabalingani bawo baseMelika naseFrance. Kulo nyaka, njengoba izimoto eziningi zilethwa, kuhlelwe ukwandisa amaphrojekthi okuqeqesha, ikakhulukazi ngokubamba iqhaza ekuzilolongeni ezwenikazi lase-Europe. I-Air Force yasebenza ngokusemthethweni i-16 F-35Bs ngoJanuwari. Abayisishiyagalolunye kubo bazinze eMarham kanti abanye base-United States, lapho besetshenziselwa ukufundisa, ukucwaninga nokuthuthukisa.
NgoJanuwari 25, kwacaca ukuthi iSwitzerland isiphenduke isiqondiso esisha sokuqhubekela phambili kwe-F-35 eZweni Elidala. Iziphathimandla zezwe zishicilele uhlu lwabafake izicelo, kanye nohulumeni babo (ifomula ye-G2G), bathumele amabhidi okuqala okudayiswa kwezindiza ezilwela izindima eziningi zesizukulwane esisha. Ekuguquleni izinqubo zangaphambilini eziholele ekukhanselweni kwezinhlelo zokuthenga i-JAS-39E/F Gripen ngo-2014, i-Lockheed Martin yethule umkhiqizo wayo wakamuva, i-F-35A, ukuze iqhudelane nge-oda laseSwitzerland. Isidingo silinganiselwa esilinganisweni sezindiza ezingama-40, futhi ukukhethwa komphakeli kufanele kwenzeke maphakathi no-2020. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza, kanye nokuhlolwa kwamakhono okusebenza, uhlelo lwezokuthutha oluhlongozwayo noma iziphakamiso zokubambisana nemboni yendawo kufanele kube. isici esibalulekile sokukhetha. Ukuhlolwa kwe-F-35 e-Switzerland kuhlelelwe uJuni.
Kulo nyaka futhi kuphawula ukusheshisa okukhulu kohlelo lwe-F-35A lwaseNetherlands. Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, i-Koninklijke Luchtmacht yayinemishini emibili yokuhlola, kuyilapho olayini bomhlangano e-Fort Worth naseCameri behlanganisa izindiza ezisebenzayo. Eyokuqala yazo (AN-3) inikezwe ngokusemthethweni ngoJanuwari 30 nonyaka. Emavikini alandelayo, ama-Dutch F-35A amahlanu andiza e-Fort Worth (eyokugcina ngoFebruwari 21) - zonke izimoto zalo msebenzisi zizohlanganiswa e-United States. Ukuqala nge-An-8, bonke bazolethwa e-Kameri. Kuze kube manje, amaDashi, naphezu kwezimemezelo kwabezindaba, awazange anqume ukumemezela ukunwetshwa kwenkontileka ye-F-35 ngaphezu kwamayunithi angu-37 asevele ayalwe.
E-Asia
Usuku lusondela ngokushesha lapho i-F-35As izosetshenziswa unomphela eNhlonhlweni yase-Korea. Yini ehlangene nendiza ehlelelwe uMashi kuya esisekelweni sezimoto ezimbili zokuqala ze-Air Force yaseRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea. U-Seoul uyalele izindiza ezingu-2014 sezizonke ngoMashi 40 - I-Lockheed Martin kuze kube manje isikhiqize eziyisithupha, ezimiswe e-Luke Air Force Base, lapho zisetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa. Abashayeli bezindiza bokuqala baseNingizimu Korea bafika e-US ngasekupheleni kuka-2017, nezindiza zokuqala zenzeka ngoJulayi 2018. Izinhlelo zamanje zibiza ukuthi ama-F-35A amabili alethwe eRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea njalo ngenyanga. Izindiza zabo zizosekelwa izindiza ze-US Air Force ezifaka uphethiloli, nezitobhi ezimbili ezihleliwe endleleni - eHawaii naseGuam. Uma sezisetshenzisiwe ukuze zisetshenziswe, zizoba ingxenye ebalulekile yokuvimbela i-Democratic People's Republic of Korea kanye nesistimu yesiteleka sokuqala.
NgoJanuwari 18, abezindaba base-Asia babike intuthuko entsha ehlobene ne-F-35 kwamanye amazwe ase-Asia, okuhlanganisa iJapane neSingapore. Izwe lokuqala lisahlela ukwandisa isibalo sezimoto ezi-odiwe. Inkontileka entsha kufanele ihlanganise nezindiza eziyi-105 ezinguqulweni A (65) kanye no-B (40). Lesi sakamuva sizoba yingxenye yeqembu le-Izumo-class destroyer air, okwenza i-Japan ibe ikhasimende elithumela kwamanye amazwe i-F-35 elikhulu kunawo wonke elinezindiza ezingu-147 ezihlelekile. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abameleli be-Japan Self-Defense Forces babike ukuthi zonke izimoto ezivela eqenjini elisha zizolethwa zisuka e-Fort Worth, hhayi emgqeni womhlangano e-Japan (38 of the 42 F-35A oda kuze kube manje uzohlanganiswa lapho). Isizathu salokhu yintengo ephezulu yezindiza ezinelayisensi kunalezo ezisuka eFort Worth. Ngokwamanye amaphephandaba, umehluko wentengo uzofinyelela ku-$33 wezigidi ngekhophi ngayinye!
Futhi ngoJanuwari 18 nonyaka. UMnyango Wezokuvikela waseSingapore umemezele ukuthi ufuna ukuthenga uhlobo olungadalulwanga lwe-F-35. Ukuvuza kuze kube manje kukhombisa ukuthi abantu baseSingapore banentshisekelo enguqulweni efushane yokusuka neyokumisa eqondile ye-F-35B. Isinyathelo esichazwe ngenhla sizoqala inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni se-F-16C/D Block 52, ukusebenza kwayo (naphezu kokwenziwa kwesimanjemanje) kufanele kuphele ngeminyaka yama-30s. Iqoqo lokuqala kufanele lihlanganise izimoto ezine, okungenzeka ukuthi ezinye eziyisishiyagalombili zisetshenziselwe izinjongo zocwaningo nokuhlola. Abantu baseSingapore cishe abakholelwa ngokugcwele ulwazi mayelana nezici zemoto ezinikezwe ngokusemthethweni ngabaseMelika. Kuhlala kungacaci ukuthi abaphathi base-US bazosabela kanjani kule mfuneko engenhla, imvume okuyisidingo esisemthethweni senqubo ye-FMS.
