Sihamba njalo namabanga amafushane. Lokhu kuyithinta kanjani injini?
Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa ngoJanuwari yiPBS Institute egameni likaCastrol, iningi labashayeli basePoland bashayela kakhulu amabanga amafushane futhi baqale injini izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngosuku.
Cishe uhhafu wabashayeli uthi abashayeli ibanga elingaphezu kuka-10 km ngesikhathi, kanti oyedwa kwabathathu uhamba amakhilomitha angu-20 ngosuku. Bangu-9% kuphela abaphendulile abathi kubo leli banga lingaphezu kuka-30 km. Wonke umphenduli wesine ushayela ngaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-10 ngemuva kokuqala injini kanye no-40%. - imizuzu eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20.
Imoto imoto
NgokukaDkt. U-Andrzej Markowski, isazi sezengqondo zethrafikhi, sivame ukushayela amabanga amafushane ngoba isimo sengqondo samaPoles ngezimoto siyashintsha. “Siyakhula isibalo sabashayeli imoto eyithuluzi labo ekusebenzeni kahle komsebenzi noma imisebenzi yasendlini. Incazelo yabo iwukusuka ngokushesha endaweni uye kwenye, noma kungekude kakhulu. Sikhululekile, ukusuka lapha siya ngisho nesitolo esiqhele ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa ngemoto, "kuphawula uMarkovski.
Isilinganiso sesikhathi esidlulile ngenjini eyodwa iqala siyefana kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyivula kangaki phakathi nosuku. Eqenjini labashayeli abasebenzisa imoto kaningi, i.e. qala injini izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyisihlanu ngosuku, ibanga elilodwa ngokuvamile lingaphansi kuka-10 km (49% wokufundwayo). 29%. abashayeli bathi ukudlula kwesigaba esinjalo kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10, ingxenye yesithathu ikhombisa imizuzu eyi-11-20, okusho ukuthi iningi lalo mzila lidlula esiminyaminyeni sezimoto.
Injini ikhetha uhambo olude
Idrayivu ingaphansi kokugqokwa ngesikhathi nangemva nje kokuqala okubandayo. Kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi uwoyela ufinyelele emakhoneni akude kakhulu enjini, ngakho phakathi nokuphenduka kokuqala kwe-crankshaft, kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye izingxenye zome zihlangene. Futhi lapho izinga lokushisa lisalokhu liphansi, amafutha ashubile futhi anzima kakhulu ukuba adlule eziteshini, isibonelo, ku-camshaft. Lokhu kwenzeka kuze kube yilapho injini (futhi ngaphezu kwawo wonke amafutha) ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza. Lokhu kungase kuthathe amaminithi angafika kwangu-20. Abashayeli abaningi abakwazi lokhu, kodwa kuphakathi nesigaba sokufudumala lapho kungafinyelelwa khona u-75% wokugqoka kwenjini, ngokusho kokuhlolwa okwenziwe yi-American Petroleum Institute (API). Ngakho-ke, akuvamile ukuthi ama-powertrains ahamba ibanga elide avame ukusetshenziswa emabangeni amade abe sesimweni esingcono kunalawo asetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezithile kumabanga amafushane.
Indlela yokuvikela injini?
Ngisho nokwazi izimbangela zokuguga kwenjini, ngeke siyeke ukunethezeka kwemoto. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi amayunithi amandla yiwona angagugi kakhulu emakhazeni futhi kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela, ngaphandle kokucindezela i-accelerator pedal kuze kube umkhawulo.
Ukushayela ngenjini ebandayo akubangeli nje kuphela ukuthi iguge ngokushesha, kodwa futhi kukhulisa ukulangazelela kwakho uphethiloli. Ukuze uthole amabanga amafushane kakhulu (kufika ku-2 km, isibonelo), imoto compact uphethiloli-powered ingashisa amalitha angu-15 kaphethiloli ngayinye 100 km. Endabeni yezinjini ze-diesel, ukushayela ezindaweni ezinjalo akuthinti ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphela, kodwa futhi kungabangela izinkinga ngesihlungi se-DPF. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenzeka ukuthi uphethiloli ongashisiwe ugeleza phansi ezindongeni ze-cylinder ku-crankcase futhi uxubane namafutha, okwenza kube kubi kakhulu imingcele yawo. Ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabangela - okungenani amabanga amafushane kakhulu - shintsha amafutha kaningi.
