I-Eurofighter Typhoon
I-Eurofighter ihlanganisa i-maneuverability ephezulu kakhulu kanye ne-avionics ethuthukisiwe, okwenza kube enye yezindiza zesimanje nezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokulwa emhlabeni.
I-European consortium Eurofighter ifuna ukubamba iqhaza kuthenda yokuhlinzekwa kwe-multi-role fighter (uhlelo lwe-Harpia) yasePoland, enikeza i-Eurofighter Typhoon fighter yayo. Inzuzo yokuncintisana kufanele iqinisekiswe yi-consortium, ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi ePoland.
Uhlelo lwe-Eurofighter wuhlelo olukhulu kunazo zonke lwezokuvikela lwaseYurophu emlandweni. Kuze kube manje, abasebenzisi abayisishiyagalolunye ba-ode ama-fighters angama-623 alolu hlobo, okuhlanganisa: iSaudi Arabia - 72, Austria - 15, Spain - 73, Qatar - 24, Kuwait - 28, Germany - 143, Oman - 12, Italy - 96 kanye ne-United Amazwe. I-Kingdom - 160. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-March 9 kulo nyaka, i-Saudi Arabia yamemezela inhloso yayo yokuthenga ama-Eurofighters angu-48 eyengeziwe, futhi ezinye izinkontileka zingaphansi kokuxoxisana.
Amazwe afakwe ku-Eurofighter GmbH consortium ahlukanise amasheya awo kuyo ngale ndlela elandelayo: IJalimane neGreat Britain 33% ngalinye, i-Italy - 21% kanye neSpain - 13%. Izinkampani ezilandelayo zazihileleke emsebenzini oqondile: Germany - DASA, kamuva i-EADS; IGreat Britain - British Aerospace, kamuva iBAE Systems, Italy - Alenia Aeronautica kanye neSpain - CASA SA. Kulandela ezinye izinguquko zezimboni, i-Airbus Defense and Space (ADS) ithole amasheya angaphezu kuka-46% eJalimane naseSpain (nezigaba zikazwelonke ze-Airbus Germany ngo-33% kanye ne-Airbus Spain ngo-13%), i-BAE Systems esele njengosonkontileka e-UK futhi I-BAE Systems e-Italy, namuhla i-Leonardo SpA
Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-airframe zikhiqizwa ezimbonini eziyisikhombisa ezahlukene. E-UK, imboni yangaphambili ye-English Electric e-Samlesbury, kamuva eyayiphethwe yi-BAe ne-BAE Systems, yathengiswa ngo-2006 kumkhiqizi wezakhiwo zezindiza zase-US i-Spirit AeroSystems, Inc. kusuka eWichitia. I-fuselage yangemuva isakhiqizwa lapha ingxenye ye-Eurofighters. Imboni enkulu eWarton, lapho kwenzeka khona umhlangano wokugcina wama-Eurofighters e-UK naseSaudi Arabia, nayo yake yaba ngeye-English Electric futhi, kusukela ngo-1960, yiBritish Aircraft Corporation, eyahlangana noHawker Siddeley ngo-1977 ukuze bakhe iBritish Aerospace - namuhla ama-BAE Systems. I-Warton iphinde ikhiqize izingxenye ze-fuselage eziya phambili, izembozo ze-cockpit, imisila ye-canard, i-dorsal hump kanye ne-stabilizer eqondile, kanye nama-flap angaphakathi. Kwakukhona nezimboni ezintathu eJalimane. Ezinye izingxenye zakhiqizwa e-Aircraft Services Lemwerder (ASL), ese-Lemwerder eduze kwaseBremen, izimboni zayo phambilini bekungezase-Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke (VFW) yaseBremen, inkampani eyakhiwe ngokuhlangana kwe-Focke-Wulfa ne-Weserflug yase-Lemwerder. kodwa ngo-2010 le bhizinisi yavalwa futhi ukukhiqizwa kwadluliselwa kwezinye izitshalo ezimbili. Enye imboni yase-Augsburg, ngaphambili eyayiphethwe yi-Messerschmitt AG futhi, kusukela ngo-1969, yaba ngu-Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm. Njengomphumela wokuhlanganiswa okwalandela, imboni bekungeye-DASA, kamuva i-EADS, futhi manje isiyingxenye ye-Airbus Defense and Space njengengxenye ye-Premium AEROTEC. Imboni enkulu yokukhiqiza i-ADS itholakala eManching phakathi kweMunich neNuremberg, lapho kuqhubeka khona umhlangano wokugcina wama-Eurofighter fighters aseJalimane, kanye nezilwi zase-Austria nazo zakhiwa lapha. Kuzo zombili izimboni zaseJalimane, ingxenye emaphakathi ye-fuselage ikhiqizwa, ukufakwa kwe-hydraulic kanye nogesi, kanye nohlelo lokulawula kuyaqedwa.
E-Italy, izakhi zesakhiwo se-airframe zenziwa ezimbonini ezimbili. Isitshalo se-Foggia siyingxenye yophiko lwezindiza - Divisione Aerostrutture. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isitshalo eTurin, lapho umhlangano wokugcina we-Eurofighters e-Italy kanye nomhlangano wama-fighters e-Kuwait kwenzeka, uyingxenye yophiko lwezindiza - i-Divisione Velivoli. Lezi zimboni zikhiqiza ingxenye esele ye-fuselage engemuva, futhi kuzo zonke izimoto: uphiko lwesokunxele nama-flap. ESpain, ngokuphambene, isitshalo esisodwa kuphela, esiseGetafe eduze neMadrid, sikhiqiza izici eziyinhloko ze-airframe. Ukuhlanganiswa kokugcina kwezindiza zaseSpain nakho kwenzeka lapha, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphiko angakwesokudla kanye nezikhala kukhiqizwa kuzo zonke izindiza.
Lokhu kuthinta ibhanoyi. Kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-Eurofighter kuhlanganisa nezinjini zejethi ze-bypass gas turbine jet ezithuthukisiwe ngokuhlanganyela. Ngale njongo, i-Consortium EuroJet Turbo GmbH yakhiwe nekomkhulu layo e-Hallbergmoos eduze kwaseMunich, eJalimane. Ekuqaleni ibihlanganisa izinkampani ezilandelayo ezivela emazweni amane abalingani: Rolls-Royce plc yaseDerby e-UK, Motoren- und Turbinen-Union GmbH (MTU) Aero Engines AG evela ku-Allah endaweni esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMunich, Fiat Aviazione yase-Rivalta di I-Torino (emaphethelweni eTurin) yase-Italy kanye ne-Sener Aeronáutica yaseSpain. Le nkampani yokugcina okwamanje imelwe ku-Eurojet consortium yi-Industria de Turbo Propulsores (ITP), ephethwe yi-Sener. Imboni ye-ITP itholakala eZamudio enyakatho yeSpain. Ngokulandelayo, i-Fiat Aviazione yase-Italy yaguqulwa yaba i-Avia SpA enezitshalo ezifanayo e-Rivalta di Torino, u-72% wazo okungeyezimali eziphethe i-Space2 SpA evela eMilan, kanye nama-28% asele ku-Leonardo SpA.
Injini enika amandla i-Eurofighter, i-EJ200, nayo iwumphumela wokuhlanganisa umsebenzi wokuklama. Ukusatshalaliswa kwesabelo sezindleko, umsebenzi kanye nenzuzo yamazwe ngamanye kuyafana nasesimweni se-airframe: iJalimane neGreat Britain 33% lilinye, i-Italy 21% kanye neSpain 13%. I-EJ200 inezigaba ezintathu, fan "evaliwe" ngokuphelele, i.e. isigaba ngasinye sine-disk ehlangene nama-blades kanye ne-compressor ye-pressure ephansi yezinyathelo ezinhlanu kwenye i-shaft, lapho izigaba ezintathu zenziwe "Vala". Wonke ama-compressor blades anesakhiwo se-monocrystalline. Enye yemishini yokuqondisa i-compressor ephezulu ine-engeli ye-blade yokulawula ukugeleza ngokumelene nepompo. Womabili ama-shafts, umfutho ophansi nophezulu, aqhutshwa ama-turbines anesiteji esisodwa. I-annular conmbustion chamber inezinhlelo zokupholisa kanye nokulawula ukuvutha. Enguqulweni ekhiqizwe manje, i-thrust ephezulu yenjini ingu-60 kN ngaphandle kwe-afterburner kanye no-90 kN nge-afterburner.
