electronics kanye nezokuxhumana
Ezokuxhumana zishintshile ngendlela engakaze ibonwe kusukela ezinsukwini zika-Alexander Graham Bell. Eminyakeni yakamuva, sibone ukuthuthukiswa kokubusa kwamaselula. Abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe emhlabeni banokungena njalo ku-inthanethi. Amafoni abona ukuthinta nenkulumo. Sebephenduke isikhungo sethu somyalo, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke siye ndawo. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha kwenzeka ngokushesha kangangokuthi eminyakeni eyishumi noma ngaphezulu, lokho namuhla esikubheka njengokusha nokumangalisayo kuzophelelwa yisikhathi, futhi izingane zasenkulisa zanamuhla nabafundi abancane bazobe benza umsebenzi thina esingawazi namuhla. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi ikusasa liyoba njani, kodwa izinto zikagesi kanye nezokuxhumana zizoba nomthelela. Sikumema ukuba ufunde.
Imfundo kule ndawo ingenziwa kokubili isikhathi esigcwele kanye nesikhashana. Isigaba sokuqala yi-7 "engineering" semesters, emva kwalokho udlulela ezingeni eliphezulu, "master's", okufanele ngokuvamile lihlale isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka nesigamu.
Yiqiniso, eqinisweni ngokuvamile kuthatha unyaka noma emibili. Impilo yabafundi ivame ukudonswa ngendlela yokuthi izinto eziza kuqala zishintshe, ngakho-ke, ngoSepthemba, amaphasishi emanyuvesi agcwala abantu abangasebenzi. Ekuqaleni, ukuxega okuningi kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi ukungena ekolishi akufanele kube yinkinga enkulu. Ngokusobala, izikole ezikleliswe phezulu zizolindela okukhulu kakhulu kubafakisicelo bazo kunalezo ezingaphansi kwetafula.
Ngakho-ke, uma uphupha inyuvesi ephezulu, kufanele uthathe iziqu ze-bachelor ngokungathi sína.
Lapho ulungiselela ukuqala izifundo zakho kulo mkhakha, kufanelekile ukwazi lokho izibalo ziyisifundo esibaluleke kakhulu lapha. Ichaza iphrofayili yomfundi, enye yamanyuvesi igcizelela ukuthi kufanele kube ngumuntu olwazi lwakhe emkhakheni wesayensi yemvelo eliseqophelweni eliphezulu kakhulu, egcizelela kakhulu izibalo. "Indlovukazi Yesayensi" ayikuvumeli ukuthi ukhohlwe ngawe phakathi nayo yonke inkambo yokufunda futhi ibonakala ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile esigabeni sokuqala ngenani lamahora angu-150.
Izifundo ezizoba nentshisekelo nakubafundi: i-physics, indlela yokwenza i izindlela zokuhlela (amahora angu-90) izindlela zokubala i ukumodela, imigqa i amasiginali (amahora angu-45). Phakathi kokuqukethwe okuyinhloko, abafundi bazofunda izifundo ezingaba yishumi nambili, okuhlanganisa: optoelectronics, i-analog electronics, ukuhlela, ukucutshungulwa kwesignali, izifunda ezididiyelwe nezinhlelo, ama-antenna kanye nokusakazwa kwamagagasi. Amakilasi okuhlela akufanele adale izinkinga ezinkulu. Lapha, ukuqeqeshwa kuqala cishe kusukela ekuqaleni, ngakho wonke umuntu unethuba lokuthola ulwazi. Inani elikhulu lamahora lizosiza kulokhu.
Ngokuphathelene namasekhethi namasignali, imibono ihlukaniswa kuye ngokuthi isifunda sasePoland kanye nokuthandwa ngabafundi. Emushweni owodwa, kufanele zikhunjulwe, ngoba akuwona wonke umuntu osendleleni efanayo nazo. Izinto ezifana nalezi: ubuchwepheshe be-multimedia noma okuyisisekelo kwezokuxhumana. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukunaka izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Amalebhu athathwa njengento elula, elula futhi ejabulisayo iminyaka eminingi.
Phakathi nezifundo zabo, abafundi bangakhetha ubungcweti. Kuye ngenyuvesi, isethi ehlukene yamathuba iyatholakala. Isibonelo, i-Poznań University of Technology inikeza: ezokuxhumana ngomsakazo, imidiya kanye nezinto zikagesi zabathengi, amanethiwekhi wamakhompyutha nobuchwepheshe be-inthanethi, amasistimu kagesi ahlelekayo kanye ne-optocommunications.
Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-Military Technical University inikeza: idizayini yesistimu yezokuphepha, amasistimu edijithali, amasistimu olwazi nezilinganiso, amasistimu kagesi omsakazo, amasistimu okuzwa akude, amasistimu angenawaya, amasistimu ezokuxhumana kanye namanethiwekhi. Ukuqala ukufunda, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kubantu abaningi ukuqedwa kwama-semester amabili okuqala kuwukuhlolwa kwangempela. Alikho ibhizinisi elithile elinesibopho salokhu. Kufanele kuqashelwe izibalo ne-physics, kodwa lapha ijubane lokufundisa kanye nenani lolwazi kuyisinqumo esinqumayo. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuthatha umsebenzi kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, ukuze ungenzi kude kakhulu.
Izinkinga ezinkulu ngendima kanye nokufunda okuphumelelayo nakho kuvame ukuba umphumela wokulindela okuyiphutha kanye nemibono mayelana nomkhakha wokufunda okhethiwe. Ukuzuma, kuhlangene nokuntuleka kokuqeqeshwa okuhlelekile, akuphumeleli "kumkhankaso kaSeptemba" owodwa, kodwa ngisho nokulengiswa kwefulegi elimhlophe kanye noshintsho lwesiqondiso.
Abaphothule izifundo ze-Electronics kanye neTelecommunications Laba ngabantu abakwaziyo ukuzulazula ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi banesitolo esikhulu solwazi, amakhono abo ochwepheshe mahle ngendlela efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imakethe ayikaneliseki ngochwepheshe nochwepheshe abasesikhundleni sonjiniyela. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi ukuthola iziqu nje kungase kungenele ukuthola umsebenzi wamaphupho akho. Ungazisiza ngokuthatha isikhathi sokuthola ulwazi. Ama-Internship, ama-internship. Enguqulweni ekhokhelwayo, ziningi futhi eziningi zazo, okusho ukuthi akunikeze ithuba lokufunda kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuhola. Abafundi abahambahambayo nabavumelana nezimo bathatha umsebenzi owengeziwe phakathi nezifundo zabo, okwandisa amathuba abo omsebenzi omuhle ngemva kokuphothula iziqu.
Cishe awudingi ukukholisa noma ubani ukuthi ukusebenza nochwepheshe kulo mkhakha kuyakucebisa, ngoba kuyakuthuthukisa, futhi kukuvumela ukuthi wenze othintana nabo ababalulekile abavame ukuvula iminyango eminingi. Ngakho-ke zibonise ohlangothini oluhle futhi uthuthukise amakhono asebenzayo azochazwa ku-resume ngaphansi kwesihloko: isipiliyoni somsebenzi. Indlela efanele wukuqeqeshwa emkhakheni wezinhlelo. Kulokhu, amanyuvesi awanikezi ulwazi olwanele, oluvame ukuvela lube wusizo ngesikhathi semisebenzi yobungcweti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ukhumbule ngokufunda izilimi zakwamanye amazwe. Ukuba nazo kwamukelekile njalo. Uma sesivele sinomncintiswano ngemuva kwakho, ungaqala ukusebenza.
Imali engenayo embonini yezokuxhumana iphakathi kwephezulu kakhulu ePoland. Umholo omaphakathi lapha ushintshashintsha cishe ku-PLN 7000 inetha. Akumele ulindele iholo elingaphansi kwe-PLN 4000 inethi. Abaphathi, onjiniyela bezinhlelo zokusebenza, nonjiniyela benethiwekhi bangabanye bochwepheshe abakhokhelwa kakhulu ongaba ngabo ngemva kokuphothula i-EiT. Le makethe ihlezi ishintsha. Ukwandisa ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nentuthuko kusho isidingo esiqhubekayo sethimba elikhethekile labasebenzi.
Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, umfundi uthola ulwazi oluningi emkhakheni wezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi nezokuxhumana. Othweswe iziqu akanazo izinkinga ngokuklama, ukwakhiwa, ukusebenza nokuhlolwa kwezinhlelo zedijithali neze-analog.
electronics kanye nezokuxhumana indawo yabantu abanentshisekelo kubuchwepheshe obusha. Ngakho-ke, lena yindawo yawo wonke umuntu onentshisekelo emhlabeni futhi evulekele iqiniso eliguqukayo. Kungashiwo ukuthi ngokuhlanganyela bakha izwe elisha elisekelwe kubuchwepheshe esingabazi namuhla futhi obuzoba yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu ngokungangabazeki kuyisiqondiso esinzima, njengoba sidinga ukutholwa kolwazi oluningi lwethiyori. Kulula ukufika lapha, kunzima ukuhlala.
Labo ababonisa ikhono nokuzimisela ukufeza izinhloso zabo ngeke nje bathole iziqu ze-Master of Engineering, kodwa futhi namathuba emisebenzi athakazelisayo kanye neholo elizovuza umzamo otshaliwe. I-elekthronikhi nezokuxhumana ziyisiqondiso okufanele sisincome. Siyamema.
