Imoto kagesi: umsebenzi, amamodeli, amanani

Imoto kagesi, ethathwa njengevumelana nemvelo kunenjini yokushisa, ithola ukuduma emakethe yezimoto zaseFrance. Isebenza ngenjini kagesi kanye nebhethri elidinga ukushajwa kabusha. Uma intengo yayo iphakeme kunaleyo yemoto yakudala, imoto kagesi ifaneleka ukuthola ibhonasi yemvelo.

🚘 Isebenza kanjani imoto kagesi?

Uma imoto isebenzisa uphethiloli (i-diesel noma uphethiloli), sikhuluma ngayo injini yokushisa : Lawa maphethiloli adala ukuvutha okukhiqiza amandla avumela imoto ukuthi iye phambili. Ukusebenza kwemoto kagesi kusekelwe ibhethri и injini inikezwa ugesi.

Esikhundleni sokuthela uphethiloli egalaji likaphethiloli, udinga ukushaja imoto yakho kagesi usebenzisa isiteshi sokushaja noma indawo kagesi. Lo gesi ube usugeleza isiguquliokuguqula inyakatho eshintshanayo ibe eyamanje eqondile engagcinwa ebhethrini lemoto yakho.

Ezinye iziteshi ezishaja ngokushesha zingaziguqulela ngokwazo ugesi ukuze ukwazi ukuphakela ibhethri amandla angaguquki adingekayo.

Ibhethri lemoto yakho kagesi linomthamo 15 kuya ku-100 kilowatt amahora (kWh)... Lawa mandla athunyelwa ku-motor kagesi yemoto, lapho into ebizwa ngokuthi stator kwakha insimu kazibuthe. Lokhu bese kukuvumela ukuthi ujikeleze Rotor, ebese idlulisela ukunyakaza kwayo emasondweni, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuqondile, kodwa ngokuvamile ngokudlula ukunciphisa elawula i-torque nesivinini sokujikeleza.

Imoto esebenza ngogesi nayo ingakwazi ukuzikhiqizela ugesi iyodwa. Injini ikwenza lokhu uma ubhuleka noma uyeka ukucindezela i-accelerator. Sikhuluma ngayo i-regenerative brake... Ngale ndlela, ukhiqiza ugesi ogcinwe ebhethrini.

Ngakho-ke, ukudluliswa kwemoto kagesi akubandakanyi: chabamba noma Ukudluliswainjini kagesi ingazungeza ngesivinini samashumi amaningana ezinkulungwane zama-revolution ngomzuzu. Nakuba injini yokushisa kufanele iguqule ukunyakaza kwamaphistoni abe ukuzungezisa, akunjalo ngenjini kagesi.

Ngakho-ke, injini yakho kagesi ayinalo ibhande lesikhathi, uwoyela wenjini namapiston.

🔍 Imoto kagesi noma eyi-hybrid?

La imoto eyi-hybrid, njengoba negama libonisa, iphakathi nendawo phakathi kwesitimela sikadizili nemoto kagesi. Ngakho-ke, ifakwe okungenani два IZITHUTHI : ezishisayo futhi okungenani eyodwa motor kagesi. Iqukethe nebhethri.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto eziyingxubevange, ezinye zazo ezishaja njengezimoto zikagesi. Ubuhle bayo ukuthi idla ngaphansi kwenjini yokushisa (2 amalitha / 100 km cishe i-100% ye-plug-in hybrid imoto) futhi ikhiqize i-CO2 encane.

Kodwa-ke, ububanzi bemoto kagesi emotweni ye-hybrid bufushane kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ifaneleka kakhulu ukushayela edolobheni lapho ukubhuleka kuvumela amandla kagesi ukuthi atholakale. Okokugcina, imoto eyi-hybrid ayisafaneleki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola ibhonasi yokuthenga, njengoba ibhekwa njengengenabungani bemvelo kunemoto kagesi.

🌍 Imoto kagesi: eluhlaza noma cha?

Ubunjalo bemvelo yezimoto zikagesi kube yinkulumompikiswano enkulu. Ngempela, i-motor kagesi idla ugesi futhi iphinde izigcwalise kabusha. Ngakho-ke, akadingi uphethiloli - insiza yezinsalela ezingavamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwe-CO2 okuhlobene nogesi kuphansi kakhulu cishe ngamagremu ayishumi ngekhilomitha.

Nokho, kufanele sikhiqize le moto futhi, ikakhulukazi, ibhethri yayo. Kodwa-ke, ibhethri lemoto kagesi liqukethe i-lithium, i-cobalt ne-manganese, izinsimbi ezingavamile lapho izinga lemvelo libaluleke kakhulu. I-Lithium, ikakhulukazi, ivela ikakhulukazi eNingizimu Melika.

Ikhipha le lithium ingcolisa kakhulu inhlabathi... I-Cobalt ivela e-Afrika futhi ikakhulukazi evela e-Congo, ehlinzeka ngama-60% okukhiqizwa komhlaba futhi ingase ilingane nombuso kawoyela ... inguqulo kagesi.

Ngaphandle kokungcoliswa komhlabathi kanye nemiphumela yezempilo ehambisana nokumbiwa kwalezi zinsimbi, ukukhiqizwa nokuhlanganisa izimoto zikagesi akuhambisani neze nemvelo. Zikhipha amagesi abamba ukushisa amaningi kunenjini yokushisa, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yebhethri.

Ngakho-ke, i-ADEME ibonise ukuthi kuyadingeka 120 MJ yenza imoto kagesi, mayelana 70 MJ okwenjini yokushisa. Ekugcineni, kukhona umbuzo wokugaywa kabusha kwebhethri.

Kulokhu kufanele futhi senezele ukuthi emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise neFrance, ugesi usakhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni zokuphehla amandla enuzi noma ngisho namalahle, njengoba kwenzeka eChina. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuphinde kuholele ekukhishweni kwe-CO2.

Ngakho, ngokungaqondile noma kancane, imoto kagesi iwumthombo wokungcola okuphawulekayo. Kuzodingeka inguquko kwezobuchwepheshe ukuze ibhethri layo liyeke ukukhiqiza njengoba lenza namuhla. Nokho, injini yakhe ayikhiphi ama-nitrogen oxides noma izinhlayiya... Ukushayela isikhathi eside nakho kusiza ukususa umthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kwakho esikhathini eside.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kwemoto kagesi kuncane ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezingxenye ezibucayi ezifana nebhande lesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto kagesi idinga ukubhuleka okuncane, okungandisa impilo yama-pads nama-brake disc. Lokhu kunciphisa i-l'' umthelela kwezemveloyesondlo imoto yakho ... futhi ibiza kancane.

⚡ Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwemoto kagesi?

Ukusetshenziswa kwemoto kagesi kukalwa ngama-kilowatt-amahora ngekhulu lamakhilomitha. Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi lokhu kuyehluka kakhulu imoto nemoto, isisindo, injini kanye nebhethri. Isilinganiso ukusetshenziswa imoto kagesi kuyintocishe 15 kWh / 100 km.

Isibonelo, i-Audi e-Tron inesisindo esingaphezu kwamathani angu-2,5 futhi ngaleyo ndlela idla ngaphezu kuka-20 kWh / 100 km. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imoto encane kagesi efana ne-Renault Twizy isebenzisa ngaphansi kuka-10 kWh / 100 km.

🔋 Uyishaja kanjani imoto kagesi?

Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokushaja imoto kagesi:

• Isiteshi sokushaja ;
• Les Wall Box ;
• Izisekelo zasendlini.

Imoto kagesi ishajwa kancane ngenkathi ishayela ngenxa ye-braking evuselelayo, kodwa ukuze ithole ukuzimela okugcwele, kufanele ishajwe kumapayipi amakhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unezinhlobo ezimbalwa zekhebula ezikuvumela ukuthi uxhume kuzo i-classic wall outlet noma Ibhokisi lodonga yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukushaja kwasekhaya.

Ekugcineni, unayo iziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi imoto yakho kagesi. Kunamashumi amaningana ezinkulungwane zabo eFrance, futhi basazama ukubusa ngentando yeningi. Uzoyithola edolobheni noma eziteshini zesevisi emigwaqweni yezimoto.

Izindawo zokupaka izimoto zomphakathi zivame ukuba neziteshi zokushaja zamahhala zemoto yakho kagesi, kodwa kuzodingeka ukhokhele ukupaka. Amatheminali amaningi emigwaqweni asebenza ngekhadi.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukushaja imoto kagesi?

Isikhathi sokushajwa kwemoto yakho kagesi sincike emotweni nebhethri layo, kanye nohlobo lokushaja olukhethayo namandla ayo. Ukuze ushaje imoto kagesi ngokugcwele endaweni yasendlini, uzodinga ubusuku obungaphezu kobunye.

Ngokubala kwe-Wallbox 3 kuya ku-15 amahora kuye ngomthamo wayo, ibhethri lakho nekhebula oyisebenzisayo. Esiteshini sokushaja somphakathi, lesi sikhathi sincishiswa ngo-2 noma ngisho no-3. Ekugcineni, isiteshi sokushaja esisheshayo sikuvumela ukuthi ushaje imoto kagesi ngokugcwele. ngaphansi kwehora.

Kubiza malini ukushajwa kabusha imoto kagesi?

Izindleko zokushajwa kabusha imoto kagesi zincike kumthamo webhethri. Ngebhethri elingu-50 kWh, bala cishe 10 €... Kuyoba ukonga kakhulu kuwe ukushaja i-EV yakho ekhaya, ikakhulukazi uma ukhethe inkontileka kagesi eklanyelwe abanikazi be-EV, njengoba abanye abathengisi bephakamisa.

Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ukhokhise imoto yakho kagesi. cishe i-2 € ibhethri kusuka ku-15 kuya ku-20 kWh, kuye ngokuthi intengo kagesi, eguquguquka izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngonyaka.

🚗 Iyiphi imoto kagesi ongayikhetha?

Ukukhetha imoto kagesi kuncike kubhajethi yakho yokusebenzisa... Uma udinga ukushaya umgwaqo, kufanele uqondise imodeli enokuzimela okuningi, okukhawulela kakhulu ukusesha kwakho.

Phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi ezikuvumela ukuthi uhambe amabanga amade, i-Tesla Model 3 nama-supercharger afakwe umenzi azohlangabezana nemibandela yakho. Ungakwazi futhi ukuthuthukela emotweni kagesi njengeHyundai neKia, efakwe ibhethri. 64 kWh... Ekugcineni, iVolkswagen noma iVolvo XC40 nabo banayo ibanga elingaphezu kuka-400 km.

Izinhlobo zezimoto zikagesi ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu ziyatholakala eFrance. URenault Zoé usengumholi wemakethe, ngaphambi kwePeugeot e-208 kanye neTesla Model 3.

💰 Ibiza malini imoto kagesi?

Izintengo zezimoto zikagesi zehlile ngenxa yentando yeningi yobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwamamodeli. Ezinye zazo manje seziyabiza kancane kunezilinganiso zazo ezishisayo. Futhi ngenxa yebhonasi yemvelo, ungakwazi manje ukuthenga imoto kagesi entsha. cishe ama-euro angama-17.

Yebo, ungakwazi futhi ukuthenga imoto kagesi esetshenzisiwe ukuze ukhokhe kancane ngayo, kodwa ngeke ukwazi ukuthola ibhonasi yokuthenga efanayo.

Ukuze usebenzise i-premium uma uthenga imoto kagesi, kufanele uhlangabezane ne-CO2 emission threshold (50 g/km, ayikho inkinga ngemoto kagesi engu-100%). Le moto kufanele kube новый futhi udinga ukuthenga noma ukuqasha isikhathi eside okungenani iminyaka emi-2.

Kulokhu, inani lebhonasi yezemvelo lincike enanini lemoto yakho kagesi.

Lapho ulahla imoto yakho endala futhi uma uhlangabezana nemibandela, ungakwazi ukwengeza ibhonasi yokuguqulwa ibhonasi yemvelo ekuvumela ukuthi wonge kakhulu ngentengo yemoto yakho kagesi. Ngale ndlela ungasebenzisa imoto yakho entsha kagesi ngokungabizi!

Manje uyazi konke mayelana nemoto kagesi: ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ingashajwa kanjani, ngisho nenani layo. Uma ukugcinwa kwayo kungaphansi kwalokho kwemoto eshisayo, kufanele ukwenze nochwepheshe ogunyaziwe ngenxa yebhethri kanye nenjini kagesi. Dlula kwisifanisi sethu segaraji ukuze uthole uchwepheshe!