Intela yomgwaqo wemoto kagesi

Izindleko ezingaguquki eziphansi zemoto kagesi ziyisici esinciphisa amanani okuthenga ngokuvamile aphezulu. Lokhu kusizwa intela yomgwaqo, engama-euro ayiziro ngenyanga ngemoto kagesi. Kodwa ingabe intela yezimoto zikagesi izohlala inguziro noma izokhula esikhathini esizayo?

Iwumthombo obalulekile wemali engenayo kahulumeni wezwe kanye nezifundazwe: intela yezimoto (MRB). Noma, njengoba kubizwa futhi, intela yomgwaqo. Ngo-2019, amaDashi akhokhele cishe ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-5,9 ngentela yomgwaqo, ngokusho kwe-CBS. Futhi kungakanani lokho okuvela kuma-plugin? Alikho nelilodwa isenti le-euro.

Kuze kube ngu-2024, isaphulelo sentela yomgwaqo semoto kagesi singu-XNUMX%. Noma, ukukubeka ngokuqondakalayo: Abanikazi be-EV abasakhokhi ama-MRB noma ama-euro. Uhulumeni ufuna ukusebenzisa lokhu ukukhuthaza ukushayela ngogesi. Phela ukuthenga imoto kagesi kuyabiza. Uma izindleko zanyanga zonke ziwa, ukuthenga imoto kagesi kungase kukhange ngokwezimali, okungenani umqondo uwukuthi.

BPM

Lolu hlelo lwentela luchaza izinzuzo eziningi zezezimali zezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi. Thatha i-BPM, nayo enguziro kuma-EVs. I-BPM ibalwa ngokusekelwe ekukhishweni kwe-CO2 yemoto. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi le ntela yokuthenga inguziro. Ngokumangazayo, le BPM izokhuphuka ifike ku-€ 2025 kusukela ngo-360. Izinga lokumaka elincishisiwe lamaphesenti angu-8 ukuya ohlwini lwentengo engu-€ 45.000 nalo liyingxenye yalolu hlelo.

Ama-EV awahlukile kulokhu: kukhona nezikhuthazo zezimali zokuhlanganisa ama-plug-in ukuze athuthukele enguqulweni "ehlanzekile". Kunesaphulelo sentela yomgwaqo sama-plugin (PHEV). I-PHEV inhloso mahhala, isaphulelo samaphesenti angama-2024 (kuze kufike eminyakeni engama-50). Lawa maphesenti angamashumi amahlanu asekelwe esilinganisweni semoto yomgibeli "evamile". Ngamanye amazwi, uma ushayela i-PHEV kaphethiloli, intela yakho yomgwaqo izoba yingxenye yaleyo moto kaphethiloli engaba yiyo kuleso sigaba sesisindo.

Inkinga ngama-incentives ezezimali ukuthi nawo angathandwa kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, thatha iziphathimandla zentela, lapho izisebenzi eziningi kakhulu ziye zazuza khona iholo lokuyekiswa futhi izinkinga zoMnyango Wezwe ziye zaba zimbi nakakhulu. Uma wonke umuntu eqala ukusebenzisa izimoto zikagesi futhi imali ye-MRB yehla isuka cishe ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha zama-euro ngonyaka iye kuqanda, uhulumeni nazo zonke izifundazwe zizoba senkingeni enkulu.

Intela yomgwaqo ezimotweni zikagesi yenyukile

Ngakho-ke, isaphulelo sentela yezimoto sizokwehla sisuka ku-2025. Ngo-2025, abashayeli bezimoto zikagesi bazokhokha ingxenye yesine yentela yomgwaqo, ngo-2026 bazokhokha yonke intela. Kuvele kungacaci lapha. I-Tax and Customs Administration ibhala ngesaphulelo "ezimotweni ezijwayelekile". Kodwa ... ziyini izimoto ezijwayelekile? Imibuzo eya ezikhulwini zentela ikhombisa ukuthi sikhuluma ngezimoto zikaphethroli.

Futhi lokhu kuyamangalisa. Phela izimoto zikagesi ziyasinda ngoba amabhethri anzima kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-Tesla Model 3 inesisindo esingu-1831 kg. Imoto kaphethiloli enalesi sisindo ibiza ama-euro angama-270 ngekota ngokwemibandela ye-MRB eNyakatho Holland. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Tesla Model 3 ngo-2026 izobiza ama-euro angamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ngenyanga kulesi sifundazwe, uma lezo zinombolo zingakhuphuki. Abazokwenza cishe nakanjani.

Uma kuqhathaniswa: I-BMW 320i inesisindo esingu-1535 kg futhi ibiza ama-euro angu-68 ngenyanga eNyakatho Holland. Kusukela ngo-2026, ezimweni eziningi, kusukela ekubukeni kwentela yomgwaqo, kuyoba inzuzo kakhulu ukukhetha imoto enenjini kaphethiloli esikhundleni semoto kagesi. Lokhu ngandlela thize kuyaphawuleka. Isibonelo, imoto kadizili isibiza kakhulu ngokweMRB, kanjalo neLPG namanye amafutha. Ngakho, esikhathini esidlule, uhulumeni uye wazama ukuthonya abantu mayelana nemvelo ngezilinganiso ezahlukene ze-MRB, kodwa esimweni sezimoto zikagesi, ukhetha ukungakwenzi.

Kubonakala sengathi kuphambene. Noma ubani onquma ukuthenga imoto kagesi futhi ngaleyo ndlela akhiphe umoya omncane emhlabeni kunalowo onemoto kaphethiloli okufanele aklonyeliswe ngayo, akunjalo? Phela abantu abanodizili abadala bajeziswa ngentela yomsizi, pho izimoto zikagesi zingavuzwa ngani? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuseneminyaka eminingana esele kuze kube ngu-2026 (futhi okungenani ukhetho olubili). Ngakho kuningi okungashintsha ngalesi sikhathi. Esinye isigaba se-MRB esengeziwe sezimoto zikagesi, isibonelo.

Intela yomgwaqo ku-PHEV

Uma kukhulunywa ngentela yomgwaqo, izimoto eziyingxubevange zinekusasa elifanayo njengemoto esebenza ngogesi wonke. Kuze kube ngu-2024, ukhokha ingxenye yentela yomgwaqo "evamile". Kuma-PHEV kulula ukukhombisa intela yomgwaqo "evamile" kunezimoto zikagesi: ama-plugin ahlala enenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngale ndlela, uzophinde uthole ukuthi intela yomgwaqo ejwayelekile ikhokhiswa le moto.

Isibonelo: Othile uthenge iVolkswagen Golf GTE eNyakatho Holland. YiPHEV enenjini kaphethroli kanti isisindo sayo singu-1.500 XNUMX kg. Isifundazwe sibalulekile lapha ngenxa yezibonelelo zesifundazwe ezehlukene ngokwezifundazwe. Lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zesifundazwe ziyingxenye yentela yomgwaqo eya ngqo esifundazweni.

Njengoba wazi ukuthi i-PHEV ibiza uhhafu wenketho "evamile", kufanele ubheke i-MRB yemoto. imoto kaphethiloli enesisindo esingu-1.500 kg. ENyakatho Holland, imoto enjalo ikhokha ama-euro angama-204 ngekota ngayinye. Ingxenye yaleyo mali iphinde ibe ngu-€ 102 futhi ngenxa yalokho inani le-MRB leGolf GTE eNyakatho Holland.

Uhulumeni naye uzokushintsha lokho. Ngo-2025, intela yomgwaqo kuma-PHEV izokhuphuka isuka ku-50% iye ku-75% "yezinga elijwayelekile". Ngokusho kwedatha yamanje, i-Golf GTE enjalo ibiza ama-euro angu-153 ngekota ngayinye. Ngemva konyaka, isaphulelo se-MRB saze sanyamalala ngokuphelele. Bese, njengomnikazi we-PHEV, ukhokha njengawo wonke umuntu imoto kaphethiloli engcolisa imvelo.

Ukubuyekezwa kwama-plugin adumile

Ukwenza umehluko ucace nakakhulu, ake sithathe ama-PHEV ambalwa adume kakhulu. I-plug-in ethandwa kakhulu mhlawumbe i-Mitsubishi Outlander. Ngenkathi abashayeli bebhizinisi besakwazi ukushayela ama-SUV ngokwengeza ngo-2013% ngo-0, iMitsubishi ayikwazanga ukuhudulelwa phansi. KwaMitsu engazange ithumele phesheya kwezilwandle, nazi izinombolo ze-MRB.

Le Outlander, eyashayelwa u-Wouter ngasekupheleni kuka-2013, inesisindo esingu-1785kg ingalayishiwe. I-Northern Dutchman manje ikhokha u-€135 ngekota. Ngo-2025 kuzoba ngama-euro angama-202,50, ngonyaka olandelayo - ama-euro angama-270. Ngakho i-Outlander isivele ibiza kakhulu ku-MRB kuneGolf GTE, kodwa eminyakeni eyisithupha umehluko uzoba mkhulu nakakhulu.

Omunye ophumelele ukuqashwa i-Volvo V60 D6 plug-in hybrid. UWouter uphinde wahlola lena, eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili kuneMitsubishi. Okuthakaselayo kule moto injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ngokungafani namanye ama-hybrids afakwe kulesi sihloko, lena injini ye-diesel.

udizili onzima

Futhi ingudizili osindayo. Isisindo sonqenqema lwemoto singu-1848 kg, okusho ukuthi inethiwekhi iwela esigabeni sesisindo esifanayo nese-Outlander. Kodwa-ke, lapha sibona umehluko phakathi kukaphethiloli nodizili: INorth Hollander manje ikhokha ama-euro angama-255 ngekota ngokwemibandela ye-MRB. Ngo-2025, lesi samba senyuke safinyelela kuma-euro angama-383, ngonyaka olandelayo - okungenani ama-euro angama-511. Ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kweGolf GTE yangaphambilini, ngakho.

Into yokugcina esizokhuluma ngayo i-Audi A3 e-tron. Manje sesiyalazi ilebula ye-e-tron evela kwiSUV kagesi, kodwa ezinsukwini zale Sportback, babesasho iPHEV. Ngokusobala, u-Wouter usevele ekhathele kancane nge-PHEV ngoba uKasper wayevunyelwe ukuhlola ukushayela i-hybrid.

Le PHEV inenjini “kaphethroli nje” futhi inesisindo esithe ukudlula iGolf GTE. I-Audi inesisindo esingu-1515 kg. Lokhu ngokunengqondo kusinika izinombolo ezifanayo nezeGolf. Ngakho manje i-Northern Dutchman ikhokha ama-euro angu-102 ngekota ngayinye. Maphakathi nale minyaka eyishumi izoba ngama-euro angu-153, futhi ngo-2026 izoba ngama-euro angu-204.

isiphetho

Okubalulekile ukuthi ama-EV (nama-plugin) manje ayakhanga ngokwezimali ukuwathenga ngasese. Phela imoto kagesi ayinalo ngisho isenti ngokwentela yomgwaqo. Lokhu kuzoshintsha kuphela: kusukela ngo-2026 lokhu kunikezwa okukhethekile kwezimoto zikagesi kuzonyamalala ngokuphelele. Khona-ke imoto kagesi izobiza okufanayo nemoto evamile kaphethiloli. Eqinisweni, njengoba imoto kagesi ivame ukuba nzima, intela yomgwaqo iyakhuphuka. Okuningi izindleko kunenketho kaphethiloli. Lokhu futhi kuyasebenza, nakuba ngokwezinga elincane, ku-hybrid ye-plug-in.

Njengoba sekushiwo, uhulumeni usengakushintsha lokhu. Ngakho-ke, lesi sexwayiso singase singasebenzi ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu. Kodwa lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe uma ufuna ukuthenga imoto kagesi noma i-PHEV isikhathi eside.