I-flywheel ephindwe kabili. Kuyini, kusebenza kanjani

Inani elikhulu lamayunithi lifakiwe kudivayisi yokudlulisa imoto. Okufanayo kusebenza kunjini esebenza kumgomo wokushisa womxube we-air-fuel. Kunezinto ezifakiwe kusayithi lokuxhumana kwamanye ama-node.

Phakathi kwalezi zingxenye kukhona i-flywheel. Ngenguqulo ejwayelekile, lokhu kuyinto ethembekile engavamisile ukwehluleka, futhi uma kwenzeka ukuphuka, umshayeli echitha imali encane (kwesinye isikhathi ukulungisa kungazenzela ngamathuluzi adingekayo).

Ukukhulisa ukunethezeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, onjiniyela benze ukuguqulwa kwama-flywheel amabili-mass. Ingxenye enjalo iqinisekisa ukuqedwa kokudlidliza okuningi okuvela emotweni, kodwa uma yephuka, iba yikhanda langempela nembobo emnyama emnyama esikhwameni somnikazi wemoto.

Ake sicabangele izici zalengxenye eseceleni, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona nokuthi uzilungisa kanjani.

Yini iDual Mass Flywheel

I-flywheel enamasondo amabili iyingxenye enamadiski amabili, phakathi kwawo kunezinto eziningi ezenza umsebenzi we-damper. Olunye uhlangothi lwe-DMM lunamathiselwe ku-crankshaft flange. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubhasikidi we-clutch uxhunywe kuwo.

Njengengxenye yakudala, umugqa wegiya ufakwa ekugcineni kwe-flywheel, lapho kuxhunywe khona igiya lokuqalisa. Le ngxenye iyadingeka ekuqaleni kokuqala kwemoto.

Uma i-flywheel enesisindo esisodwa iyidiski nje, ohlangothini olulodwa okunamathiselwe i-crankshaft, khona-ke ukuguqulwa okubili kobuningi kuyindlela yonke. Idivayisi yayo ifaka izinto ezilandelayo:

• Amadiski amabili - aphansi nasesekondari. Shaft we crank mshini ixhunywe komunye, bamba ixhunywe kwenye;
• Igiya lendandatho licindezelwa lishise kwi-disc eyinhloko;
• Igearbox flange ifakiwe phakathi kwama-disc. Kusukela ohlangothini lwebhokisi, kulungiswa kudiski yesibili. I-flange esebenza ne-disc eyinhloko. Umgomo wokuzibandakanya uncike ekuguqulweni kwe-flywheel - igiya, i-asterisk noma i-polygon (ukuma komphetho wengxenye kwehlukile);
• Intwasahlobo - izakhi zokugcina ze-flange zihlasela imiphetho yazo;
• Ukufakwa kufakwa phakathi kwama-disc, aqinisekisa ukuzungezwa okubushelelezi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili. Le nto iqeda amandla okuqhamuka angaqhamuka phakathi kwama-disc uma bexhumana nomunye nomunye.

Yile ndlela ebukeka ngayo inguqulo yakudala ye-flywheel enamasisindo amabili. Kukhona okunye ukuguqulwa, ekwakhiweni kwazo okungeziwe izingxenye zezinhlobonhlobo ezihlinzeka ngokuthembeka okwengeziwe entweni. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokusebenza ihlala ifana.

Yini i-flywheel?

Noma iyiphi injini idlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuxhomekile kuzilungiselelo nekhwalithi yemininingwane. Inkinga ukuthi iyunithi ngalinye leqembu le-cylinder-piston lidalwa ngokulandelana okuthile. Lapho isibani se-BTC sakhiwa ku-cylinder, ukushesha okubukhali kwe-piston kwenzeka. Lokhu kudala ukuthi i-torque engalingani ihanjiswe ku-gearbox.

Njengoba ama-revs anda, amandla angenawo amandla ahlawulela lesi sici kancane, kepha ukudlidlizela akuqedi ngokuphelele. Azizwa kahle kangako - zine-amplitude encane kakhulu futhi zenzeka kaningi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lo mphumela usenomthelela omubi ezingxenyeni zokudlulisa.

Ukuguqulwa ngakunye kwamabhokisi wamagiya, ngokwesibonelo, i-robotic noma imishini, ngenxa yobunzima besakhiwo, kudinga ukuncipha kokudlidliza okuvela emotweni. Phambilini bazama ukubhekana nalokhu ngosizo lweziphethu kudivayisi yokudlulisa, kepha lezo zintuthuko azibonisanga ukusebenza kwazo.

Esikhathini esidlule, bamba ifakwe torsional vibration damper. Kodwa-ke, ama-ICE anamuhla athuthukisa amandla amaningi kumanani afanayo noma amancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla okudlidlizela okunjalo andile, futhi i-damper ayikwazi ukukuqeda.

Ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwasiza - i-flywheel ekabili. Le nto ikhulule isikhala ekudluliseni ngokususa i-torsional vibration damper. Lokhu kwenze lula idivayisi kancane. Futhi, ingxenye yaqala ukwenza umsebenzi we-damper, isusa ama-jerks amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka aqhamuka enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Nazi ezinye zezici ezinhle zale ntuthuko:

• Ukudlidliza kwe-Torsional kufakwe isiningi ngangokunokwenzeka;
• Ibhokisi libhekana nengcindezi encane evela kumshini uqobo;
• I-inertia ku-clutch isuswe ngokuphelele;
• Kuthatha indawo encane kunebhasikidi ene-damper;
• Isivinini kulula ukusishintsha;
• Ukunethezeka okuthuthukile ngenxa yokushoda komsindo nokudlidliza.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Lapho injini iqala (ekuqaleni, i-starter iskrola i-disc yokuqala ye-flywheel, ehlanganyela emazinyweni omugqa), izinhlelo zokuhambisa uphethiloli nezokuthungela ziyasebenza. Ngemuva kwalokho imoto isebenza ngemodi yokuzimela. Umshini we-crank uguqula ukunyakaza kokuhumusha kube okujikelezayo. I-torque ifakwa ngomgodi oya e-flange lapho kufakwa khona idiski eyinhloko ye-flywheel. Ixhunywe kwi-disc yesibili kusetshenziswa indlela yasentwasahlobo (isebenza njenge-damper).

Lapho umshayeli efaka igiya, ukujikeleza okusuka kuflwwimu kudluliselwa kushaft yokufaka yokudlulisela. Kepha lapho nje ukukhishwa kwe-clutch, ukudluliswa uqobo kanye ne-chassis kudala ukumelana ne-torque.

Imoto enamandla iyaqhubeka nokuzungeza i-crankshaft, kodwa ngaphansi komthwalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkambo yayo iba ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ukushelela kokujikeleza kuphazamisekile - lapho imoto inamandla kakhulu, ama-jerks ahluke kakhulu.

Kuyindlela ye-damper eyingxenye yomklamo we-flywheel obamba lokhu kunyakaza ngangokunokwenzeka. Okokuqala, idiski eyinhloko icindezela iziphethu, bese kuthi lapho, lapho kunqamuka khona okuphezulu, idiski yesibili iqale ukusebenza, lapho indawo yokungezwani yediski yokubamba isivele ixhunyiwe.

Ungayikhetha kanjani i-flywheel nokuthi iyiphi inkampani ongayithenga?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokukhethwa kwe-flywheel entsha, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukuguqulwa okusetshenziswa emotweni ethile. Izindleko ze-analog eyodwa-mass ngokwemvelo zizoba ngaphansi kunezo ezimbili-mass eyodwa.

Abakhiqizi bezimoto ngokubanzi bahlanganyela ekuhlanganeni kwezingxenye ezenziwe ngomumo ezithengwa ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene. Okufanayo kusebenza kuma-flywheels - angaba ngumkhiqizo ohlukile, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, abe nekhwalithi ehlukile, ethinta nezindleko zengxenye eseceleni.

Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili bama-flywheels amaningi

Ama-flywheels ajwayelekile nozakwabo abasebenza ngobuningi benziwa emhlabeni wonke. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-DMM yehlukile ezimotweni zaseYurophu namamodeli wokukhiqiza waseKorea nowaseJapan.

Lezi zinkampani ezilandelayo zibandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni izingxenye ezenzelwe izimoto zaseYurophu:

• I-LUK;
• ABANGCWELE.

Futhi ezimotweni zaseJapan nezaseKorea, ama-flywheels akhiqizwa yi:

• ISIVIVINYO;
• I-PHC.

Futhi, lapho ukhetha ingxenye eseceleni, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi abanye abakhiqizi bathengisa imikhiqizo yabo kusethi - iflaya lesondo elinebhasikidi yokubamba. Ukuze unqume ukuguqulwa kwengxenye ethile, udinga ukufuna usizo kochwepheshe. Enye indlela ukukhetha imodeli yomkhiqizo wemoto ngokuyikhetha kukhathalogi.

Ungayihlola kanjani i-damper flywheel

Kunokucabanga okungajwayelekile okwejwayelekile kokuthi ama-damper flywheels ayizingxenye zezinkinga. Lokhu kungashiwo ngokuguqulwa kokuqala. Kuze kube manje, abakhiqizi bathuthukisa ukwakhiwa kwalesi sici, ngakho-ke imikhiqizo yekhwalithi inikezwa kumthengi wokugcina.

Uphawu lokuqala olwenza abashayeli abaningi bahlole i-DMM ukwenyuka kokudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini. Eqinisweni, imvamisa umphumela ofanayo uhlotshaniswa nohlelo lukaphethiloli, izilungiselelo zesikhathi, kanye nokwehluleka kwezinto zikagesi zemoto.

Ngaphambi kokususa i-flywheel, kubalulekile ukukhipha izinkinga ezinezimpawu ezifana nokulimala kwe-flywheel. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hlola imoto.

I-DMM iyingxenye engahlukaniseki, ngakho ukuphuka kwayo akuhlali kunqunywa ngokuhlola okubukwayo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-flywheel akuyona inkinga, landela inqubo engezansi.

Injini iyaqala, futhi ijubane likhuphuka ngokushelela enanini eliphakeme. Udinga ukuzibamba isikhashana bese uzinciphisa kancane kancane. Uma kungekho msindo nokudlidliza okuzwakele ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, khona-ke ukungasebenzi kahle, ngenxa yokuthi bekukhona izinsolo zokugqokwa kwe-DMM, kufanele kubhekwe kolunye uphiko lwemoto.

Idivayisi ye-damper flywheel ifaka phakathi iziphethu ezinamazinga ahlukene okuqina, anciphisa ukudlidliza ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zemoto. Ukuvela kokudlidliza ngejubane elithile kungakhombisa ukuthi iyiphi into ehlulekile - inzima noma ithambile.

Ukungasebenzi kahle nokuwohloka

Ama-DMM anamuhla anensiza engamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200. Izimpawu lapho umshayeli kudingeka anake i-flywheel yilezi:

• Ukuvela kokudlidliza okuvela enjinini ngejubane lokungenzi lutho lwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (ngaphambi kokushintsha le ngxenye, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungafaki i-triplet yemoto, enokubonakaliswa okufanayo), kanye nokuvela komphumela onjalo ngejubane elihlukile kungakhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle okuhlukile kwinqubo yengxenye;
• Ngokushintshwa kwemithwalo (umshayeli uqala noma ucisha injini, nangesikhathi sokusheshisa), ukuchofoza kuzwakala ngokusobala;
• Ama-squeaks azwakala lapho kuqala injini. Umphumela ofanayo ungavela lapho imoto imisiwe. Izwa sengathi i-starter ayiyeki ukusebenza.

Lezi zimpawu zikhomba ukuthi kunenkinga nge-flywheel noma ukuthi idinga ukushintshwa nhlobo.

Izizathu zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-flywheel ye-dual-mass zifaka:

• Ukulahleka kokuthambisa;
• Indawo yediski iyaklwebheka noma ikhubazekile;
• Ukwephuka kwentwasahlobo noma eziningana ngasikhathi sinye;
• Ukwephuka ngaphakathi komshini.

Amanye amaphutha, njengokuvuza kwamafutha noma ukuquleka ngaphandle kwediski yesibili, kungatholakala ngokuhlola okubonakalayo lapho kususwa i-clutch. Okunye ukonakala kutholakala kuphela ngemuva kokuqaqa nokuxilonga ingxenye ethile esitendeni esikhethekile.

Ukulungiswa kwe-flywheel enesisindo ezimbili

Ezimweni ezinjalo, ochwepheshe abaningi bancoma ukufaka esikhundleni sokulungiswa kwengxenye, ngoba bambalwa kakhulu abaphathi bangempela abangayibuyisela kahle i-DMM. Kodwa-ke, kaningi umnikazi wemoto ucabanga ngokuthenga okusha, kepha ukuguqulwa kwesabelomali (kulokhu, kuzodingeka kuguqulwe kaningi), noma ngokuthola uchwepheshe onolwazi kulo msebenzi.

Umsebenzi wokutakula ubandakanya:

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-flywheel;
• Ukususwa kwezinto eziphukile;
• Ukufaka okunye kokuvala - ibhawodi yokuqinisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-DMM iphelelwa ngamandla, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi senqubo yokubuyisela, kuyadingeka ukuthi esikhundleni sakhona ufake okusha
• Ukuqedwa kokusebenza ezindaweni ezingaphakathi zamadiski (kubonakala njalo, ngoba iziphethu zivame ukuxhumana nezindawo zamadiski);
• Ngemuva kokulungiswa, isakhiwo kufanele silinganiswe ukuze ingxenye uqobo ingakhi ukudlidliza;
• Ukuthungela kabusha ngamafutha amasha.

Kukhona ukuwohloka okwenza kube nzima ukubuyisa ingxenye. Izibonelo zalokhu ukuqhekeka nokukhubazeka ezindlini ze-flywheel. Kulokhu, kungenzeka kuphela ukufaka into endaweni entsha.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokubuyisela i-DMM, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphathi unolwazi ngempela kulowo msebenzi, futhi uwenza kahle (isibonakaliso sokuqala ubukhona besitendi se-balancer - ngaphandle kwaso, akunakwenzeka ukuqedela umsebenzi ngempumelelo). Iqiniso ngukuthi uchwepheshe uzothatha imali eningi ngale nqubo (imvamisa iyafana ngokufaka ingxenye entsha yesabelomali), futhi izingxenye nazo azishibhile.

Umbuzo wokugcina uthi i-flywheel eyenziwe kabusha izohlala isikhathi esingakanani? Kuya ngekhwalithi yomsebenzi owenziwayo, kanye nekhwalithi yezingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe. Ngezinye izikhathi imithombo yayo icishe ifane ne-analogue entsha - cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-150.

Nawa amanye amathiphu wokukusiza ugcine i-DMM yakho kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isikhashana:

• Ungaphuli inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni se-clutch disc;
• Lapho ushintsha amagiya, ungalahli isisekelo, kodwa usikhulule ngokushelela (ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi ungabamba kanjani ukubamba, bheka esihlokweni esehlukile);
• Isitayela sokushayela esicocekile - gwema ukushelela kwesondo;
• Gwema ukuhamba kaningi emabangeni amafushane (lapho uqala / umisa, imoto iba nomthwalo omkhulu kusixhumi sedivayisi);
• Bheka ukuqalisa kwesimo esihle - i-bendix akufanele idlale.

Ekuphetheni - inguqulo yevidiyo yalolo daba:

Yini i-flywheel? I-flywheel ephindwe kabili!

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yenzelweni i-dual mass flywheel? Lokhu kuguqulwa kwe-flywheel kuncike kumamotha anamandla anetorque ephezulu. Iyakwazi ukudambisa ama-vibrations nama-torsional vibrations aphuma enjinini aya ku-gearbox.

Iyini i-Dual Mass Flywheel? Lena idiski exhunywe ku-crankshaft. I-clutch basket driven disc icindezelwe ngokuqinile kuyo. Idizayini yayo inochungechunge lwemithombo edambisa ukudlidliza kwe-crankshaft.

Yini ebulala i-dual-mass flywheel? Ukugijima njalo nokuqala kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ukushayela okunamandla, ukusheshisa okubukhali kwemoto, ukubhuleka kwenjini, ukushayela ngesivinini esiphansi (kamuva uvule igiya eliphansi emagqumeni).

Yini umehluko phakathi kwe-single-mass flywheel ne-dual-mass flywheel? I-single-mass flywheel imane nje iyi-disc enocezu olulodwa ngaphandle kokumanzisa (okunxephezela) iziphethu (zifakwa ku-clutch disc), ezifakwe i-dual-mass flywheel.