Izinjini zeToyota Ractis

Emakethe yezimoto yomhlaba wonke, izimoto eziqoqwe ezitshalweni zenhlangano yezimoto yaseJapan iToyota Motor Corporation zithandwa kakhulu, manje ezinikeza abathengi abangaba amamodeli angaphezu kuka-70 ezinhlobonhlobo zezimoto zabagibeli ezifakwe izinjini zomklamo wayo. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo, indawo ekhethekile ihlala izimoto ezihlangene zekilasi elithi "Small MPV" (i-subcompact van), ukukhiqizwa kwayo inkampani eyaqala ngemuva kokubonisa imoto yokuqala enjalo emibukisweni yezimoto eTokyo naseFrankfurt am Main ngo-1997.

Kwakule modeli, eyakhelwe endaweni yesikhulumi ye-Yaris, eyaphawula ukuqala kochungechunge lwamamodeli afanayo, ahlanganisa:

• Toyota Fun Сargo (1997, 1990);
• Toyota Yaris Verso (2000);
• I-Toyona Yaris T Sport (2000);
• Toyota Yaris D-4D (2002);
• Toyota Corolla (2005, 2010);
• Toyota Yaris Verso-S (2011).

 IToyota Ractis. Uhambo olungena emlandweni

Ukwakhiwa kweveni iToyota Ractis subcompact kudalwe ukuthi kushintshwe iToyota Yaris Verso ebingadumile e-Europe. Le modeli yakhelwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu ye-NCP60 futhi ifakwe i-2SZ-FE (1300 cc, 87 hp) kanye ne-1NZ-FE (1500 cc, 105 noma 110 hp) izinjini.

IToyota Ractis

Khona manjalo, izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili zihlanganiswe neSuper CVT-i CVTs, kanti ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo zihlanganiswe namagiya amane eSuper ECT azishintshayo.

Isizukulwane sokuqala seToyota Ractis sasihamba kwesokudla futhi sanikezwa kuphela emakethe yasekhaya yaseJapan, kanye naseHong Kong, Singapore naseMacau. Beqiniseka ngokuncintisana kwemoto entsha, abaphathi benkampani banquma kuqala ukwenza ukulungiswa kabusha (2007), bese bethuthukisa isizukulwane sesibili (2010).

Isizukulwane sesibili seToyota Ractis subcompact van asizange sinikezwe kuphela emakethe yaseMpumalanga Ekude, kodwa futhi emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika.

Inguqulo eyisisekelo yemoto okwamanje ifakwe izinjini zikaphethiloli ezinamandla angaba ngu-99 hp. (1300 cc) noma 105 ... 110 hp (1500 cc), futhi akuwona kuphela amamodeli angaphambili nawo wonke amasondo angahlanganiswa ekugcineni.

Izinjini zeToyota Ractis

I-Subcompact van Toyota Ractis enguqulweni ehlukahlukene iye yakhiqizwa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10. Ngalesi sikhathi, imoto ifakwe kokubili uphethiloli kanye diesel amayunithi amandla cylinder:

• 1,3 l - uphethiloli: 2SZ-FE (2005 ... 2010), 1NR-FE (2010 ... 2014), 1NR-FKE (2014 ...);
• 1,4 l - idizili 1ND-TV (2010 ...);
• 1,5 l - uphethiloli 1NZ-FE (2005 ...).

Injini yeToyota Ractis 2SZ-FE

Izinjini zezimoto ezihlanganiswe ezimbonini zeToyota Motor Corporation zihlukaniswa ngobuciko bezinga eliphezulu nokuthembeka kokusebenza. Kwanele ukusho ukuthi, ngokusho kochwepheshe baseRussia, ngisho nenjini ye-Toyota engaphumelelanga ithembekile kakhulu kunezinjini eziningi zasekhaya. Lokhu kusebenza ngokugcwele kumayunithi kagesi, ngezikhathi ezahlukene asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa imoto yeToyota Ractis.

Izinjini zikaphethiloli

Zonke izinjini zikaphethiloli ezifakwe ezimotweni zeToyota Ractis lineup, ngaphandle kweyunithi yamandla ye-2SZ-FE, zingezesizukulwane sesithathu sezinjini zaseJapan, ezihlukile ekusetshenzisweni kwe:

• alahlwayo (angenakulungiseka) amabhulokhi amasilinda anengxubevange yokukhanya;
• "smart" valve uhlelo lokulawula isikhathi uhlobo VVT-i;
• indlela yokusabalalisa igesi (isikhathi) nge-chain drive;
• I-ETCS electronic throttle control systems.

I-Toyota Ractis 1ND-TV injini

Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinjini zikaphethiloli ezazifakwe Toyota Raktis izimoto nazo libhekene ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza kwenjini kuqinisekiswa yilokhu:

• ukusetshenziswa kwesistimu yomjovo we-elekthronikhi (uhlamvu E egameni lenjini);
• isikhathi esifanele sokuvula ama-valve okungena nawokuqeda wesikhathi (uhlamvu F ekuqanjweni kwenjini).

I-Motor 2SZ-FE

Injini ye-2SZ-FE iwuhlobo lwe-hybrid yamagagasi esibili nawesithathu amayunithi kagesi athuthukiswa ngaleso sikhathi abaklami beToyota Motor Corporation. Kulesi motor, bakwazi ukugcina izici imiklamo yangaphambili, isici isici okwakukhona cast-iron cylinder blocks. Ama-cylinder blocks anjalo anemikhawulo eyanele yamandla nezinto zokuqinisekisa, uma kunesidingo, ukulungiswa okugcwele kweyunithi yamandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisa okweqile okubangelwa ukushaywa okude kwamapiston kwamuncwa ngokuphumelelayo yizindlu ezinkulu ze-cylinder block, ezasiza ekugcineni ukubusa okushisayo kwenjini iyonke.

Phakathi kokushiyeka kwemoto ye-2SZ-FE, ochwepheshe baphawula umklamo wesikhathi ongaphumelelanga, ohlotshaniswa ne:

• ukuba khona kwama-damper amabili amaketanga;
• ukwanda kokuzwela kwe-chain tensioner kukhwalithi yamafutha;
• ukugxuma kweketango le-Morse lamellar eduze kwama-pulleys lapho kuncipha kancane, okuholela ekuthinteni (umthelela) wama-piston nama-valve ngesikhathi sokusebenza nokwehluleka kokugcina.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-lugs akhethekile ku-cylinder block housing asetshenziselwa ukubopha okunamathiselwe, okwenza kube nzima ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ebumbene.

Injini yeToyota Ractis

I-NR kanye ne-NZ series motors

Eminyakeni ehlukene, ezimotweni zohlobo lweToyota Ractis ezimotweni zohlobo lweToyota Ractis zafakwa izinjini ezinomthamo wesilinda amalitha ayi-1. Ngayinye yazo ifakwe ibhande lesikhathi le-DOHC (ama-camshaft angu-1 nama-valve angu-1,3 ngesilinda ngasinye) kanye nezinhlelo zezimoto zangempela:

• Misa & Qala, okuvumela ukuthi umise injini ngokuzenzakalelayo, bese, uma kunesidingo, uyiqale futhi. Uhlelo olunjalo likuvumela ukuthi wonge kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10% kaphethiloli lapho usebenzisa imoto edolobheni elikhulu;
• thayipha i-Dual VVT-i (1NR-FE) noma i-VVT-iE (1NR-FKE), ekuvumela ukuthi uguqule ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi se-valve.

Iyunithi yamandla ye-1NR-FE iyinjini evame kakhulu yochungechunge lwe-NR. Yaklanywa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bonjiniyela beToyota obusezingeni eliphezulu ngaleso sikhathi. Isici esiyinhloko sale njini ukwakheka kwamapiston ayo, indawo yokuhlikihla equkethe i-carbon ceramides.

I-Toyota Ractis Engine Mount

Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuvunyelwe ukunciphisa ubukhulu bejometri nesisindo sepiston ngayinye.

Injini ye-1NR-FKE enamandla kakhulu, eyakhiwe ngo-2014, ihluke kuleyo eyandulelayo ngoba isebenzisa umjikelezo wezomnotho we-Atkinson (i-stroke yokuqala engu-2 mifushane kunezinye ezingu-2) futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokucindezela.

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe ye-Toyota Ractis izinjini ezinomthamo we-cylinder 1,3 amalitha.

 Injini engu-1NZ-FE iwumklamo wakudala weyunithi yamandla enamandla angu-1,5 litres. I-cylinder block yayo yenziwe nge-aluminium futhi ifakwe:

• uhlobo lwesikhathi lwe-twin-shaft lwe-DOHC (ama-valve angu-4 ngesilinda ngasinye);
• isistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo (yesizukulwane sesibili).

Konke lokhu kuvumela injini ukuthi ithuthukise amandla afinyelela ku-110 hp.

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe ye-1NZ-FE 1,5 litre motor.

Injini ye-diesel 1ND-TV

Injini ye-1ND-TV ithathwa njengenye yezinjini zikadizili ezincane ezihamba phambili emhlabeni. Cishe ayinawo amaphutha okuklama futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kulula ukuyilungisa. Iyingxenye yesithathu yamayunithi wamandla athuthukiswe onjiniyela beToyota Motor Corporation engxenyeni yesibili yama-90s ekhulwini elidlule.

Injini ye-1ND-TV ibisekelwe phezu kwebhulokhi yesilinda elinemikhono enejakhethi yokupholisa evulekile, eyenziwe ngezinto ezifakwa ingxubevange yokukhanya. Le njini ifakwe injini ye-VGT kanye nendlela yokusabalalisa igesi yohlobo lwe-SOHC enama-valve amabili isilinda.

Ekuqaleni, injini yayifakwe i-Common Rail direct fuel injection system enama-injection alula futhi athembekile e-Bosch.

Lesi sixazululo senza kube nokwenzeka ukusindisa injini ezinkingeni eziningi zeyunithi yamandla edizili. Kodwa-ke, kamuva (2005) ama-injection e-Bosch ashintshwa nge-Denso yesimanje, futhi ngisho nangemva kwalokho - ngama-injection ohlobo lwe-piezoelectric. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2008 injini yafakwa isihlungi se-diesel particulate. Ngeshwa, zonke lezi zinto eziqanjiwe zibe nomthelela omubi ekuthembekeni nasekuqineni kwaleli yunithi yamandla.

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe ye-motor 1ND-TV 1,4 l.

I-Toyota Ractis 2014 Uhlu Lwendali Ukubuyekezwa Nokuhlaziywa