Abashayeli beToyota Harrier
Okuqukethwe
Eminyakeni emithathu ngaphambi kokuphela kwekhulu lama-300, iToyota Motor Corporation yethula imoto entsha kubashayeli. Yaziwa kuwo wonke "umhlaba wokushayela ngesandla sokudla" njengeLexus RXXNUMX, e-Japan yayibhalwe ukuthi Harrier. Lena i-SUV yeklasi ye-crossover class (imoto yokusetshenziswa kwezemidlalo) - iloli elilula labagibeli baseNyakatho Melika elisetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Ngenxa yesigaba esiphezulu kakhulu sokufakwa komsindo, silingana namasedan ekilasi lebhizinisi.
Umlando wokudalwa nokukhiqiza
Akuyona i-SUV empeleni, i-Harrier, nokho, ine-suspension ezimele kanye ne-shockproof arc. Ekuguqulweni kwezinjini ezintathu-litre, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Active Engine Control Motion system ifakiwe.
- Isizukulwane esingu-1 (1997-2003).
Izinguqulo zokuqala ze-crossover zazihlukaniswa ngamazinga ahlukahlukene wokunquma. Izimoto zikhiqizwa ngaphambili noma wonke amasondo, kanye no-gearbox ozishintshayo onamagiya amane. Injini engu-2,2 litre yahlala iminyaka emithathu, yadedelwa ngo-2000 yafinyelela ku-2,4-litre enamandla kakhulu. Isizukulwane sokuqala sonke sithathe enye injini, eyi-V6 engamalitha amathathu. Umzimba ngemva kokulungiswa kabusha awuzange ushintshe. Indlela amalambu negrille akhiwe ngayo isishintshe kancane.
- Isizukulwane esingu-2 (2004-2013).
Sekuyiminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye imoto inezinguquko ezihlukahlukene izikhathi eziningana. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko kuphathelene nesizinda sikagesi. I-V6 enevolumu engu-3,0 amalitha. kufakwe injini enamandla kakhulu engu-3,5-litre. Wakwazi ukuthuthukisa amandla angu-280 hp. Kulandela imfashini emhlabeni wonke, ngo-2005 kwaToyota bethula i-hybrid emakethe, indawo kagesi eyayihlanganisa injini engu-3,3-litre kaphethroli, injini kagesi kanye neCVT.
- Isizukulwane sesi-3 (kusukela ngo-2013).
Abaphathi bakwaToyota abayenzanga i-Harrier entsha enguqulweni yokuthekelisa. Itholakala kuphela ukuze ithengwe e-Japan. Iningi lalezi zimoto lihlala eziqhingini, eMpumalanga Ekude yeRussian Federation nasemazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Inguqulo eyisisekelo ifakwe injini eyenza i-151 hp. (2,0 l.), Futhi i-variator engenasinyathelo. I-hybrid "yanqunywa" isuka ku-3,3 kuya ku-2,5 amalitha, inciphisa amandla ku-197 hp. Imoto itholakala kumakhasimende kuphela enguqulweni enamasondo onke kanye ne-automatic locking center differential.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhiqiza, i-Harrier ikhumbuza umhlaba wezimoto ngenja enamandla nenhle yohlobo oluthile. Yonke imininingwane ekuyo ilungiswe kahle futhi ngobunono. Emgwaqeni, imoto ibonisa ukuphatha okuhle kakhulu kanye namandla kumodi yokusheshisa / yokubhuleka. Ukuvunyelwa komhlaba okuphezulu kanye nosayizi omkhulu wesondo kukuvumela ukuthi uyisebenzise emigwaqweni yaseRussia njengemoto engekho emgwaqeni.
Izinjini zeToyota Harrier
Isici esihlukile sezinguqulo ze-premium zamamodeli ahlukahlukene we-Toyota ukukhetha okunembe kakhulu kwezinjini. Uhlu lubonakala ngenani elincane kakhulu lamayunithi anamandla, athembekile. Iningi lazo ligxile ezinjinini ezinamasilinda ayisithupha ane-displacement enkulu. Eminyakeni engu-20 yokukhiqizwa kwe-Harrier, kwalungiselelwa izinjini eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela: zonke zikaphethiloli, ngaphandle kwama-turbocharger. Njengamanye ama-crossover amaningi, awekho udizili ohlelweni lwenjini ye-Harrier.
| Ukumaka | Thayipha | Umthamo, cm 3 | Amandla amakhulu, kW / hp | Isistimu yamandla |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1MZ-FE | uphethiloli | 2994 | 162/220 | I-DOHC |
| 5S-FE | -: - | 2164 | 103/140 | I-DOHC, Twin-cam |
| 2AZ-FE | -: - | 2362 | 118/160 | I-DOHC |
| 2GR-FE | -: - | 3456 | 206/280 | -: - |
| 3MZ-FE | -: - | 3310 | 155/211 | I-DOHC |
| 2AR-FXE | -: - | 2493 | 112/152 | umjovo osabalalisiwe |
| I-3ZR-FAE | -: - | 1986 | 111/151 | umjovo kagesi |
| 8AR-FTS | -: - | 1998 | 170/231 | I-DOHC |
Njengenhlalayenza, izinjini ze-Toyota zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuguquguquka: uhlu lwamamodeli lapho umugqa we-Harrier wezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi efakwe khona kuhlanganisa amayunithi angu-34. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, i-2AZ-FE isetshenziswe - izikhathi ezingu-15. Kodwa injini ye-8AR-FTS, ngaphandle kwe-Harrier, ifakwe kuphela ku-Crown.
| Injini | 1MZ-FE | 5S-FE | 2AZ-FE | 2GR-FE | 3MZ-FE | 2AR-FXE | I-3ZR-FAE | 8AR-FTS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Izigidi | * | |||||||
| I-Alphard | * | * | * | * | ||||
| Avalon | * | * | * | |||||
| I-Avensis | * | |||||||
| Blade | * | * | ||||||
| C-HR | * | |||||||
| Camry | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| UCamry Gracia | * | |||||||
| ICelica | * | |||||||
| I-Corolla | * | |||||||
| Crown | * | |||||||
| I-Estima | * | * | * | |||||
| Esquire | * | |||||||
| Isikhubekiso | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| Highlander | * | * | * | * | ||||
| I-Ipsum | * | |||||||
| Isis | * | |||||||
| Kluger V | * | * | * | |||||
| UMark II Wagon Quality | * | * | ||||||
| Mark II X Malume | * | * | ||||||
| Matrix | * | |||||||
| uNowa | * | |||||||
| Umklomelo | * | |||||||
| Umnikazi | * | |||||||
| I-RAV 4 | * | * | * | |||||
| Intonga | * | |||||||
| Sienna | * | * | * | |||||
| USolara | * | * | * | * | ||||
| I-Vanguard | * | * | ||||||
| I-Vellfire | * | * | * | |||||
| UVenza | * | |||||||
| I-Voxy | * | |||||||
| Window | * | |||||||
| Wish | * | |||||||
| Inani: | 12 | 7 | 15 | 13 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 2 |
Imoto edume kakhulu yezimoto ze-Harrier
Kaningi kunabanye, ekucushweni okungaphezulu kuka-30 ngakunye, kwafakwa amamotho amabili:
- 1MZ-FE.
Injini yokuqala ochungechungeni lwe-MZ yaklanywa njenge-3 litre V6 enama-camshaft amabili. Ithathe indawo yamayunithi ochungechunge e-VZ aphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngo-1996, ithimba labathuthukisi laklonyeliswa ngezinjini Ezingcono Kakhulu ZaseWadi. Enjinini engu-10 hp. i-valve ye-throttle yomzimba emibili isetshenziswa. I-multi-piece intake manifold yenziwe nge-aluminium.
Kusetshenziswa izinguqulo ezimbili zeyunithi yamandla. Eyokuqala inesilawuli sesikhathi se-valve ye-VVTi esifakwe endaweni yokungena. Inguqulo yesibili isebenzisa uhlobo lwe-electronic chokes.
Ukushintshela ezinjinini ezongayo nezesimanje ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-90 yekhulunyaka lama-XX kwaqalwa yiToyota Corporation ngenxa yohlu oluhlaba umxhwele lwezikhalazo zabasebenzisi:
- ngemva kokugijima amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-200. ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kukhula kakhulu;
- ukwethembeka okuphansi kwezinzwa zokungqongqoza;
- "ukubhukuda" kwama-revolutions ngenxa yokungcoliswa okusheshayo komlawuli wesigaba;
- ukwakheka kwesendlalelo esibalulekile se-soot ezindongeni zokungenisa nokukhipha ama-manifolds.
Kodwa-ke, ngisho nohlu olude kangaka lwamaphutha, injini yayiphakathi kweziyishumi eziphezulu emhlabeni ekilasini layo. Enye yezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko ukungabi namsindo nokuthembeka komsebenzi.
- I-3ZR-FAE.
Injini yesibili esetshenziswa kakhulu imodeli yokushayela wonke amasondo yeHarrier crossover. Ifakwe ekucushweni okuhlukene okungu-30. Enye yezingxenye eziphambili kakhulu zezimoto zeshumi lesibili lekhulu leminyaka elisha yaklanywa ngo-2008. Isici esihlukile semodeli ukuba khona kwezinhlelo ezimbili ezihlukene zokushintsha isikhathi se-valve - i-Valtematic ne-DualVVTi. Inhloso yokusebenzisa idizayini entsha ukukhulisa impilo yenqwaba yezinto ezithathwayo kanye nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
Ngosizo lweyunithi ye-elekthronikhi yomklamo omusha, onjiniyela bahlela ukwenza inqubo yokushintsha i-valve yenjini ibe bushelelezi. Enye indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-motor kwakuwukuthuthukisa umklamo we-crankshaft kanye ne-hydraulic compensator.
Ngaphandle komklamo othuthukisiwe, uhlu olufushane lwamaphutha enjini lugcwele imvamisa yezikhalazo:
- amafutha endabuko "zhor". Ezinkundleni zokuxhumana abashayeli bahlele umncintiswano wokuthi ngubani onalesi sibalo esiphezulu ngebanga lika-1000 km. gijima;
- ukwehluleka njalo kweyunithi ye-elekthronikhi ye-Valtematic;
- ukwehluleka kwepompo ngemva kokulimala kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu ku-speedometer;
- ukupheka okusheshayo kwezindonga ze-intake manifold, ukubonakala kwezinguquko "ezintantayo".
Kodwa ukwethembeka komsebenzi ngekhwalithi efanele kanye nemvamisa yokuhlolwa kokuvimbela akugculisi. 300 izinkulungwane km. idlula ngokuzola impela.
Ukukhetha okuphelele kwemoto ye-Harrier
Ukukhetha inketho engcono kakhulu ye-powertrain ye-Toyota Harrier SUV kuyinkulumompikiswano yakudala phakathi kwamandla nobudedengu ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nokwengamela ngakolunye. Umshayeli ohlose ukusebenzisa ngenkuthalo le crossover epholile njenge-SUV "uzobulala" ngokushesha noma iyiphi injini, ngisho naleyo eqinile. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele aqhubeke nomgomo we "golden mean". Njengoba, ngokusho ukuqashelwa jikelele labo ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa Harrier izinjini ezahlukene, 2,2-2,4 amalitha. uma ngikhuluma iqiniso akwanele kuye, ungakwazi ukumisa ukukhetha injini 3,3-litre 3MZ-FE.
Lena inguqulo ethuthukisiwe yabameleli bangaphambili bochungechunge - 1MZ-FE kanye ne-2MZ-FE. Ngaphezu kwesilawuli sesikhathi se-valve ye-elekthronikhi ye-VVTi esivame ukufakwa lapho kuthathwa khona, i-ETCSi electronic throttle valve kanye ne-variable length manifold kwasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwenjini.
Inzuzo enkulu yale moto ukuthi ibiza kancane uma iqhathaniswa namanye amayunithi akwaToyota angaleyo minyaka. Ingxenye eyinhloko yamayunithi nezingxenye yenziwe ngengxube ye-aluminium ekhanyayo neqinile. Ama-Cast pistons ahlanganiswe ne-anti-friction polymer compound ukuze kwandiswe impilo yesevisi.
Ama-valve aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi uma ibhande lesikhathi ligqashuka, mancane amathuba okuthi ashayisane namapiston.
Isevisi isikhawu motor - 15 km. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuvimbela, kuyadingeka ukwenza:
- hlola ukuvuza kwamafutha;
- ukuhlola ikhompuyutha;
- ukushintshwa kwezinto zokuhlunga umoya (isikhathi esingu-1 kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20);
- ukuhlanza umlomo wombhobho.
Labo abaye basebenzisa izinguqulo zakamuva zenjini baye bakwazisa ukuthuthukiswa okuyinhloko komklamo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kohlelo lokuqhunyiswa, kufakwe inzwa eyisicaba yomklamo omusha. Umthombo womshini wokusabalalisa igesi uphakeme kakhulu kunamamodeli amadala, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwensimbi ekwenzeni ama-camshafts.
Uhlu lwamaphutha alo lufushane kakhulu - ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kukaphethiloli nowoyela. Sekukonke, injini engu-3MZ-FE V emise okwesilinda sithathwa njengenye yethembekile kuleli khulu leminyaka elisha. Kukhona eyodwa kuphela “kodwa: I-Harrier enenjini engu-3MZ-FE, njenganoma iyiphi enye i-crossover, iyakhetha kakhulu ngesitayela sokushayela. Esiminyaminyeni sezimoto emadolobheni, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kungakhuphuka kufike ku-22 amalitha / 100 km.
