Izinjini ze-Skoda Fabia
Okuqukethwe
I-automaker ngayinye ine "ikhadi lokuvakashela" kulabo abakhetha ukukhetha imoto ngokusekelwe "intengo / ikhwalithi" isilinganiso. Njengomthetho, lezi yizimoto ezincane noma eziphakathi nendawo zeklasi elincane elihlangene, elinomzimba we-hatchback kanye negumbi elincane lemithwalo. Omunye wabameleli abaqhakazile be-European "kids party" yi-Skoda Fabia.
Umlando wokudalwa nokukhiqiza
Ngo-1990, ukukhathazeka kwe-Skoda Auto kwaba uphawu lwesine oludumile emhlabeni wonke - ilungu lomndeni wezimoto we-German auto giant Wolksvagen. Ngesicelo senkampani engumzali, amaCzech ayeka imodeli kaFelicia ngo-2001. "Ubuso" obusha benkampani kwakuyimodeli eyethulwa ekwindla ka-1999 embukisweni wezimoto eFrankfurt, eJalimane. "Amazing"! Kungaleyo ndlela, uma sibheka emuva egameni lesiLatini elithi fabulous, abadali balo balibiza ngokuthi into entsha.
- Isizukulwane esingu-1 (1999-2007).
Imoto kaFabia "yengqungquthela yokuqala" iphume emgqeni womhlangano ngaphansi kwekhodi ethi Mk1. Imoto, eklanywe ngesisekelo yesikhulumi saseJalimane A04, yathola igama lendabuko yazo zonke izimoto ezenziwe eCzech (ngesiphetho "ia"). Onjiniyela abagcinanga ekukhululweni kwama-hatchbacks, futhi embukisweni wezimoto eParis (September 2001) bethula enye inketho emphakathini odinga kakhulu - i-Fabia Combi station wagon, nase-Geneva - i-sedan.
Izimoto "zezihlobo" zikaFabia iWV Polo neSEAT Ibiza. Abaqambi babeka izinjini ezihlukahlukene kubo - kusuka kuphethiloli 1,2 amalitha. I-AWV kuya kuma-2-litre ASZ, ASY nama-turbodiesel e-AZL anamandla kakhulu. Okuwukuphela kwenjini eyenziwe e-Czech esizukulwaneni sokuqala sezimoto ze-Skoda Fabia ingu-1,4-litre AUB MPI iyunithi, eshintshiwe kusukela kwakhululwa amamodeli we-Favorit ne-Estelle, emuva enkathini ye- "Donetsk" yokuba khona kwe-Skoda Auto ukukhathazeka.
Ithimba labaklami livele lasebenza kakhulu ekubuyekezweni. Kulandela izimoto esezivele zikhona emakethe, bekukhona:
- hatchback Fabia Junior;
- Inqola ye-cargo-passenger station uFabia Praktik.
Ngo-2004 no-2006, imoto yalungiswa kabusha. Izinga lokuthandwa kwemoto yesizukulwane sokuqala phakathi kwabathengi baseYurophu kufakazelwa inani lokuthengisa lamayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-1.
- Isizukulwane esingu-2 (2007-2014).
Ngokwethulwa kwesizukulwane esilandelayo sezimoto, inkampani yakuyeka ukudayiswa kwama-sedan, futhi yagxila ngokuphelele emizamweni yayo yokuphelelisa ukwakhiwa kwezimoto eziyisigaxa kanye ne-station wagon. Ngenxa yalokho - ukubonakala ngo-2009 kwezimoto ezinekhithi yomzimba wepulasitiki, eziqoqwe ekucushweni kwe-Scult, kusukela kumklami waseCzech F. Pelikan.
Isici esihlukile semishini yolayini omusha ukufakwa kokudlulisela "okuthuthukisiwe". Esikhundleni semishini eshintshashintshayo, onjiniyela bahlongoza ukuthi kusetshenziswe i-7-speed DSG robotic gearbox endaweni yamandla enenjini ye-TSI ene-turbocharged.
I-automaker yaseCzech nayo iphumelele kwenye indlela. Abaklami benze imoto yezemidlalo iRS. Injini ene-turbocharger efakwe kuyo yathuthukisa amandla angu-180 hp. Isivinini esiphezulu semoto sasifinyelela ku-225 km / h. Ngaphezu kwesikhungo samandla, sinenani lezinto ezintsha ezihlukile:
- ingxubevange elula 17-intshi Giugiaro amasondo;
- ubhampa ongemuva one-exhaust ekabili efakiwe kanye ne-diffuser;
- izihlalo zokuklama ezemidlalo;
- amaphedali ensimbi engagqwali.
Kuze kube ngu-2, isizukulwane sesibili Skoda Fabia sahlanganiswa ngendlela ye-SKD embonini yezimoto eKaluga. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho - eChina, eNdiya, e-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe. Intengo yemoto ehlanganiswe neRussia ekucushweni okuyisisekelo yayingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2014.
- Isizukulwane sesi-3 (2014-okwamanje).
Umhlaba awumile. Ubuchwepheshe be-IT obuhlukile “bufakwa” ngokushesha ezimotweni. I-Fabia entsha iyisikhala se-MirrorLink lapho ama-smartphones abagibeli exhunywa kalula nesistimu yomsindo ye-multimedia kanye nekhompyutha yokuzulazula. Izikhungo zikagesi nazo sezithuthuke kakhulu. Ukushintsha izakhiwo eziphelelwe yisikhathi, ezintsha, ezidalwe ngesisekelo somqondo we-MQB wobunikazi, izinjini ezinesistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo kanye nomjovo kaphethiloli ngokuya ngezinhlelo ze-MPI ne-TSI, ukuqala kokumisa kanye nohlelo lokubuyisela.
I-hatchback yesizukulwane sesithathu yethulwa eParis ngo-August 2014. Isitayela se-sporty layout sibizwa nge-Vision C. Ifaka amalambu amahle, inqwaba yama-engeli, okwenza imoto ibukeke njengekristalu elicwebezelayo ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ngokulinganayo, imoto isibe banzi futhi iphansi kunaleyo eyandulelayo.
Ikhabethe manje selinesikhala esikhulu kakhulu somshayeli nabagibeli: selikhule ngo-8 mm ubude no-21 mm ububanzi. I-trunk engu-330 litre ivuleke ngo-15 litre kunakuqala. Izihlalo zangemuva zifakwe uhlelo olulula lokugoqa, ongabeka kulo umthwalo ongaphezu kwemitha elilodwa nesigamu ubude ukuze uhambe.
Imoto ebiza ama-euro ayizinkulungwane eziyi-11,8 (esimisweni esiyisisekelo) iqoqwe efektri yezimoto yakwaSkoda eMladá Boleslav. I-TSI ethuthukisiwe kanye ne-MPI powerplants ifakwe i-manual noma i-preselective robotic gearbox. Ukulethwa kwemoto eRussian Federation akuhlinzekiwe.
Izinjini ze-Skoda Fabia
Ukubuka kokuqala ohlwini lwezinjini ezifakwe ezizukulwaneni ezintathu zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphakathi zaseCzech-German kubangela ukumangala okungaqondakali. Inani elinjalo lamayunithi (39) iminyaka engu-20 alizange lithole izimoto zohlobo olulodwa kunoma iyiphi enye inkampani yezimoto. I-Skoda Fabia ihloselwe abathengi abavela eMpumalanga Yurophu. Ngakho-ke, abaphathi be-Wolcsvagen abanqikazi ukusebenzisa izinjini zikadizili ezinamaturbine njengamashaja amakhulu ezitshalweni zikagesi.
| Ukumaka | Thayipha | ivolumu, cm3 | Amandla amakhulu, kW / hp |
| AWY, BMD | uphethiloli | 1198 | 40/54 |
| AZQ, BME | -: - | 1198 | 47/64 |
| NGICELA, BBZ | -: - | 1390 | 74/101 |
| I-BNM | udizili ushisiwe | 1422 | 51/70 |
| AUA, BBY, BKY | uphethiloli | 1390 | 55/75 |
| AMF | udizili ushisiwe | 1422 | 55/75 |
| I-ATD, AXR | -: - | 1896 | 74/100 |
| ASZ, BLT | -: - | 1896 | 96/130 |
| I-ASY | -: - | 1896 | 47/64 |
| AZL, BBX | uphethiloli | 1984 | 85/115 |
| I-BUD | -: - | 1390 | 59/80 |
| AME, AQW, ATZ | -: - | 1397 | 50/68 |
| BZG | uphethiloli | 1198 | 51/70 |
| CGGB, BXW | -: - | 1390 | 63/86 |
| I-CFNA, BTS | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 |
| I-CBZB | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 1197 | 77/105 |
| UMGODO | uphethiloli | 1390 | 132/180 |
| BBM, CHFA | -: - | 1198 | 44/60 |
| BZG, CGPA | -: - | 1198 | 51/70 |
| BXW, CGGB | -: - | 1390 | 63/86 |
| BTS | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 |
| CHTA, BZG, CEVA, CGPA | -: - | 1198 | 51/70 |
| I-CFWA | udizili ushisiwe | 1199 | 55/75 |
| CBZA | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 1197 | 63/86 |
| CTHE, UMGEDE | uphethiloli | 1390 | 132/180 |
| I-CAYC | udizili ushisiwe | 1598 | 77/105 |
| CAYA | -: - | 1598 | 55/75 |
| I-CAYB | -: - | 1598 | 66/90 |
| I-BMS, BNV | -: - | 1422 | 59/80 |
| BTS, CFNA | uphethiloli | 1598 | 77/105 |
| BLS, BSW | udizili ushisiwe | 1896 | 77/105 |
| I-CHZC | uphethiloli osemkhathini kanye ne-turbocharged | 999 | 81/110 |
| IPHUTHA | uphethiloli | 999 | 55/75 |
| I-CHZB | uphethiloli we-turbocharged | 999 | 70/95 |
| CJZD | -: - | 1197 | 81/110 |
| CJZC | -: - | 1197 | 66/90 |
| ISIFO | udizili ushisiwe | 1422 | 77/105 |
| I-CUSB | -: - | 1422 | 66/90 |
| I-CHYA | uphethiloli | 999 | 44/60 |
Esinye isici: cishe zonke lezi motors zazisetshenziswa kuphela Fabia. Akuvamile, imodeli yesibili kwabanye babo kwaba universal cargo-abagibeli van Roomster.
Injini edume kakhulu ye-Skoda Fabia
Umbuzo onzima kakhulu mayelana nokuthi i-Fabia iminyaka engamashumi amabili imelana nokucushwa okungaphezu kwekhulu nengxenye ezizukulwaneni ezahlukene. Mhlawumbe, kufanele unake imodeli ethandwayo ye-CBZB brand, eye yangena emazingeni amabili okunquma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakwa kuhluke ngokuphelele, ngokuqondene nokubuyekezwa, uhlelo. Iyunithi ivele ayizange iphumelele kakhulu mayelana nokuthembeka, inani "lamaminithi" kanye nesilinganiso esiphelele. Noma kunjalo, yafakwa emishinini yesizukulwane sesibili isikhathi eside impela.
Iyunithi ye-in-line-cylinder enamandla angu-105 hp. nge-ECU Siemens Simos 10 inezici eziningi:
- isikhathi se-chain;
- high pressure direct injection TSI;
- ukuthungela ikhompyutha kanye nesistimu yokupholisa.
Injini yakhiqizwa ngezinguqulo ezimbili - njenge "aspirated" ehlanzekile kanye ne-IHI 1634 turbocharger njenge-supercharger.
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi onjiniyela abazange bacabange ngokugcwele ngomqondo "wokupakisha" inombolo enjalo yezinhlelo zesimanje zibe usayizi omncane weyunithi, kwakungenakwenzeka ukugwema ukushiyeka emsebenzini. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinkinga zokugxuma kweketango kumshini wesikhathi, ukudlidliza okuqinile uma ungenzi lutho, kanye nokufudumala okwanele lapho kubanda. Iqiniso lakamuva lihlobene ngokuqondile namaphutha abaklami ekuxhumaniseni uhlelo lomjovo oqondile nomqondo ojwayelekile wokusebenza kwenjini.
Njengezinye izinjini eziningi zaseGermany, uphiko lweCBZB lufuna ngenkani izinga lamafutha kanye nowoyela okuthelwa ngawo. Ngenxa yokungagcinwa kwemithetho eyisisekelo yokusebenza kwenjini, insiza yayo, eyamenyezelwa umenzi ezingeni lama-250 ayizinkulungwane zamakhilomitha, yaba ngaphansi kakhulu.
Injini ekahle yeSkoda Fabia
Ekuqaleni kuka-2012, ukuhlonipha iminyaka engu-110 yokubamba iqhaza kokuqala kwemoto ye-Skoda emibuthanweni yezemidlalo, i-Fabia Monte Carlo entsha yasungulwa. Isisekelo sesikhungo samandla sasiyinjini eyingqayizivele engu-1,6-litre turbocharged diesel yaseJalimane ukukhathazeka iVAG enamandla angu-105 hp. Injini emakwe yi-CAYC iyingxenye yochungechunge lwe-EA189. Yakhelwe ukushintsha injini kadizili enamalitha amabili. Ukunciphisa umthamo wokusebenza ube ngamalitha ayi-1,6. onjiniyela banciphise ububanzi bamasilinda (kusuka ku-81 kuya ku-79,5 mm) kanye nenani lokudlala kwamahhala kwepiston.
Injini enenjini esuswayo engu-1598 cm3 ifakwe uhlelo lwe-Continental Common Rail oluqondile lokujova uphethiloli wezinjini zikadizili kanye neyunithi yokulawula ye-electronic ye-Simos Simos PCR 2.1. Uhlu lobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kweyunithi luhlaba umxhwele ngempela:
- i-high pressure fuel futha enamapheya amabili ama-plunger;
- ama-nozzles ane-actuator ye-piezoelectric;
- i-accumulator (i-ramp) kanye nenzwa yokucindezela okuphezulu;
- i-high pressure fuel pump;
- i-timing belt drive kanye nepompo likawoyela;
- i-geometry eguquguqukayo i-turbocharger Garrett GTC1244MVZ;
- i-flywheel enesisindo esikabili;
- ukufakwa kwepulasitiki okuhlukahlukene.
Isilinda ngalinye linama-valve amabili okukhipha nokukhipha umoya. I-Camshaft drive isuka ku-crankshaft - usebenzisa ibhande elinamazinyo. Ukwakheka kweziteshi zokungena (oval) kanye ne-outlet (spiral) zithuthukisa inqubo yokwakheka kwengxube kaphethiloli. Ukucindezela okukhulu kukaphethiloli onikezwe ohlelweni yi-1600 bar. Ukunyakaza kwama-valve kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izingalo ze-roller rocker. Ukuze ulungise igebe elishisayo, izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic zifakwe kuma-valve.
Izibalo zokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ezimotweni ezinjengoFabia, iGalofu kanye ne-Ibiza ziyala inhlonipho:
- engadini - 5,7 amalitha;
- ngaphandle kwedolobha - 3,9 amalitha;
- kuhlangene - 4,5 amalitha.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini eyenzelwe izindinganiso zemvelo zaseYurophu i-Euro 5 (ukukhishwa okuphezulu - 109 g / km) kufanele kukhokhwe ku-valve yokukhipha kabusha igesi ngemuva kwe-150-200 km. gijima. Ukuvuselelwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesihlungi se-particle kuyama uma i-potentiometer G212 ihluleka (ikhodi yephutha 7343). Isizathu sokuhluleka ukugqoka kwe-damper bear, ngenxa yalokho i-ECU iyeka "ukubona" isikhundla sayo sokuqala.
Injini inezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokuthembeka. Abakhi bezimoto bamemezele isisetshenziswa sewaranti ezingeni lama-250 ayizinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Eqinisweni, idlula izinkulungwane ezingama-400 km, futhi ilungele izimoto ezisezingeni eliphakathi nezincane. Ngakho, ku-Wolksvagen Caddy, injini ye-CAYC yadlula amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-600 ngaphambi kokushintshwa ngaphandle kokulungisa okubizayo.
Futhi okunye okuphawuleka kakhulu kwenjini ukuthi iphendula kahle ku-firmware lapho ishunwa. I-firmware yesiteji 1 inika amandla afika ku-140 hp. kanye ne-torque engu-300 Nm. Umsebenzi onzima kakhulu nge "guts" (isihlungi esengeziwe, ipayipi eliphansi) linikeza "amahhashi" ayishumi nambili kanye ne-torque engu-30 Nm. Kungenzeka ukuthi esikhundleni se-turbine enamandla kakhulu, kodwa lokhu akunakwenzeka ezimotweni ezifana ne-Skoda Fabia.
