Toyota 3E, 3E-E, 3E-T, 3E-TE izinjini
Okuqukethwe
Uchungechunge lwe-3E selube yisigaba sesithathu ekwenzeni izinjini ezincane zeToyota Motor Corporation zibe zesimanje. Injini yokuqala yabona ukukhanya ngo-1986. Uchungechunge lwe-3E ngokuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene lwakhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1994, futhi lwafakwa kulezi zimoto ezilandelayo zeToyota:
- Tersel, Corolla II, Corsa EL31;
- Inkanyezi EP 71;
- Umqhele ET176 (VAN);
- Umgijimi, iCorolla (Van, Wagon).
Isizukulwane ngasinye esalandela semoto saba sikhulu futhi sisinda kunesandulelayo, okwakudinga amandla anda. Ivolumu yokusebenza kwezinjini zochungechunge lwe-3E yanda yaba amalitha ayi-1,5. ngokufaka enye i-crankshaft. Ukucushwa kwebhulokhi kuvele ngamapiston anesikhathi eside, lapho ukushaywa kudlula kakhulu ububanzi besilinda.
Isebenza kanjani i-3E motor
Le ICE iyunithi yamandla efakwe ngokuphambana ene-carbureted enamasilinda amane ahlelwe ngokulandelana. Isilinganiso sokucindezelwa, uma siqhathaniswa nesandulelayo, sehle kancane, safinyelela ku-9,3: 1. Amandla ale nguqulo afinyelele ku-78 hp. ku-6 rpm.
Izinto ze-cylinder block ziyi-iron cast. Njengangaphambili, kuye kwathathwa izinyathelo eziningi zokukhanyisa injini. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-cylinder head eyenziwe nge-aluminium alloy, i-crankshaft engasindi, nezinye.
Ikhanda le-aluminium linama-valve angu-3 isilinda, i-camshaft eyodwa, ngokohlelo lwe-SOHC.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-motor kuselula kakhulu. Awekho amaqhinga ahlukahlukene angaleso sikhathi ngendlela yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo, izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic valve clearance. Ngakho-ke, ama-valve adinga ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nokulungiswa. I-carburetor yayinomthwalo wemfanelo wokuhlinzeka ngengxube yamafutha omoya kumasilinda. Awukho umehluko oyisisekelo ovela kudivayisi enjalo ochungechungeni lwangaphambili lwama-motor, umehluko kuphela kububanzi bejethi. Ngakho-ke, i-carburetor yabonakala inokwethenjelwa ngokuvamile, kodwa yahlala kunzima ukuyilungisa. Umpetha onolwazi kuphela ongakwazi ukuyisetha kahle. Uhlelo lokuthungela lufuduke ngokuphelele kuyunithi ye-2E carburetor ngaphandle kwezinguquko. Lokhu ukuthungela kwe-elekthronikhi okubhangqwe nesisabalalisi esiyimishini. Lolu hlelo lusacasula abanikazi ngokuqhunyiswa budedengu kwezikhawu kumasilinda ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwawo.
Izigaba zesimanje motor 3E
Ngo-1986, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqala kokukhiqizwa kwe-3E, ochungechungeni lwethulwa inguqulo entsha ye-3E-E injini. Kule nguqulo, i-carburetor yathathelwa indawo umjovo kaphethiloli we-elekthronikhi. Endleleni, kwakudingeka kwenziwe kube yisimanjemanje ipheshana lokungena, isistimu yokuthungela kanye nemishini kagesi yezimoto. Izinyathelo ezithathiwe zibe nomphumela omuhle. I-motor yaqeda isidingo sokulungiswa ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-carburetor kanye nokwehluleka kwenjini ngenxa yamaphutha wesistimu yokuthungela. Amandla enjini enguqulweni entsha ayengu-88 hp. ngo-6000 rpm. Izimoto ezikhiqizwa phakathi kuka-1991 no-1993 zehliswa zaba ngu-82 hp. Iyunithi ye-3E-E ibhekwa njengento engabizi kakhulu ukuyigcina uma usebenzisa amafutha kanye nezinto zokugcoba ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngo-1986, cishe ngokuhambisana nomjovo, i-turbocharging yaqala ukufakwa ezinjini ze-3E-TE. Ukufakwa kwe-turbine kudinga ukuncishiswa kwesilinganiso sokucindezela sibe ngu-8,0: 1, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwenjini ngaphansi komthwalo kwakuhambisana nokuqhunyiswa. Injini ikhiqize i-115 hp. ngo-5600 rpm Ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuphezulu kuncishisiwe ukuze kuncishiswe imithwalo eshisayo ku-cylinder block. Injini ye-turbo ifakwe kwiToyota Corolla 2, eyaziwa nangokuthi yiToyota Tercel.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi 3E motors
Ngokwesakhiwo, uchungechunge lwesithathu lwezinjini ezincane zeToyota ziphinda okokuqala nokwesibili, umehluko ekugudluzweni kwenjini. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, zonke izinzuzo nezingozi zazuzwa njengefa. I-ICE 3E ithathwa njengeyesikhashana kunazo zonke izinjini zikaphethiloli zakwaToyota. I-mileage yalezi zitshalo zamandla ngaphambi kokulungiswa akuvamile ukudlula i-3 km. Izinjini ze-Turbo azihambi ngaphezu kwe-300 km. Lokhu kungenxa yomthwalo ophezulu oshisayo wamamotho.
Inzuzo enkulu ye-3E series motors kulula ukugcinwa nokuzithoba. Izinguqulo ze-Carburetor azinandaba nekhwalithi kaphethiloli, imijovo ibaluleke kakhulu. Iheha ukugcinwa okuphezulu, amanani aphansi ezingxenye ezisele. Izitshalo zamandla ze-3E zisuse ukuhlehla okukhulu kwabazanduleli bazo - i-cylinder head gasket ephukile lapho kushisisa kancane kancane injini. Lokhu akusebenzi kunguqulo 3E-TE. Okubi okubalulekile kuhlanganisa:
- Ama-valve ahlala isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kuholela ekufafazeni amakhandlela ngamafutha, ukwanda kwentuthu. Iminyango yensizakalo inikezela ngokushintsha ngokushesha ama-valve stem seal ngama-silicone athembekile.
- Amadiphozithi ekhabhoni amaningi kumavalvu okungenisa.
- Isenzakalo piston izindandatho ngemva 100 amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane.
Konke lokhu kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla, ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, kodwa iphathwa ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu.
Технические характеристики
Ama-motor ochungechunge lwe-3E abe nezici zobuchwepheshe ezilandelayo:
| Injini | 3E | 3E-E | 3E-TE |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inombolo nokuhlelwa kwamasilinda | 4, ngokulandelana | 4, ngokulandelana | 4, ngokulandelana |
| Ivolumu yokusebenza, cm³ | 1456 | 1456 | 1456 |
| Isistimu yamandla | carburetor | umjovo | umjovo |
| Amandla amakhulu, hp | 78 | 88 | 115 |
| I-torque enkulu, Nm | 118 | 125 | 160 |
| Vimba ikhanda | aluminium | aluminium | aluminium |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 73 | 73 | 73 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 87 | 87 | 87 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 9,3: 1 | 9,3:1 | 8,0:1 |
| Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi | I-SOHC | I-SOHC | I-SOHC |
| inani lama-valve | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | akukho | akukho | akukho |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande | ibhande | ibhande |
| Izilawuli zesigaba | akukho | akukho | akukho |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho | akukho | yebo |
| Amafutha anconyiwe | 5W–30 | 5W–30 | 5W–30 |
| Umthamo kawoyela, l. | 3,2 | 3,2 | 3,2 |
| Uhlobo lwamafutha | I-AI-92 | I-AI-92 | I-AI-92 |
| Isigaba semvelo | I-EURO 0 | I-EURO 2 | I-EURO 2 |
| Insiza elinganiselwe, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha | 250 | 250 | 210 |
Uchungechunge lwezitshalo zikagesi lwe-3E lwajabulela idumela lokwethembeka, ukungathobeki, kodwa amamotho ahlala isikhathi esifushane athambekele ekushiseni ngokweqile ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu. Ama-motor alula ekwakhiweni, awanazo izici eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ayethandwa ngabashayeli bezimoto ngenxa yokukhululeka kwawo ukugcinwa nokugcinwa okuphezulu.
Kulabo abakhetha izinjini zenkontileka, isipho sikhulu impela, ukuthola injini esebenzayo ngeke kube nzima kakhulu. Kodwa insiza eyinsalela ngokuvamile izoba yincane ngenxa yobudala obukhulu bezitshalo zikagesi.
