Izinjini ze-Nissan Patrol

I-Nissan Patrol iyimoto eyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, okuthe isikhathi eside kakhulu yokukhiqiza yakwazi ukuzuza uthando nenhlonipho kulabo abathanda izimoto ezinkulu ezinekhono elihle lokuwela izwe.

Yaqala ukwethulwa ngo-1951 ezinguqulweni ezimbili, umqondo wawo owasala ezizukulwaneni ezalandela: i-short-wheelbase enezicabha ezintathu kanye ne-full-wheelbase enezicabha ezinhlanu ze-SUV. Ngokusekelwe ku-full-wheelbase, kwakukhona izinguqulo zeveni nezimpahla (ikilasi lamaloli abagibeli ohlakeni).

Kusukela ngo-1988 kuya ku-1994, imodeli yathengiswa e-Australia ngaphansi kwegama elithi Ford Maverick, kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu yaziwa ngokuthi i-Ebro Patrol, futhi ngo-1980 igama elivame kakhulu kwakunguNissan Safari. Le moto isiyatholakala ukudayiswa e-Australia, Central naseNingizimu Melika, kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia naseNtshonalanga Yurophu, kanye nase-Iran naseCentral Asia, ngaphandle kwaseNyakatho Melika, lapho inguqulo elungisiwe ebizwa ngokuthi iNissan Armada isidayiswe kusukela ngo-2016.

Ngaphezu kwezinguqulo zomphakathi, umugqa okhethekile wabuye wakhiqizwa endaweni yesikhulumi ye-Y61, evamile e-Asia naseMpumalanga Ephakathi njengemoto yezempi, kanye nemoto yezinkonzo ezikhethekile. Inkundla entsha ye-Y62 yasetshenziswa kakhulu yi-Irish Army.

Isizukulwane sokuqala 4W60 (1951-1960)

Ngokusekelwe onyakeni wokukhiqiza, abaningi bangaqagela ukuthi isisekelo sokudalwa kwayo kwakuyi-Willis Jeep edume umhlaba wonke. Kodwa lokhu ikakhulukazi kuthinta ukubukeka kanye ne-ergonomics, kuyilapho izinjini ezifakwe ku-4W60 zazihluke kakhulu ku-American. Bekunezinjini ezi-4 sezizonke, zonke zikwi-straight-six, zikaphethiloli. Imisebenzi yale modeli yayingathi sína: i-SUV yezempi, i-SUV yezempi, iveni, iloli lomlilo.

Injini yakudala ye-NAK 3.7 l, eyayisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi ebhasini le-Nissan 290, yakhiqiza i-75 hp. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okulandelayo kwafakwa: 3.7 l NB, 4.0 NC kanye 4.0 P. NB - injini eshintshiwe ngokwamandla - 105 hp. ku-3400 rpm kanye ne-torque engu-264 N*m ku-1600 rpm uma iqhathaniswa no-206 yangaphambili. Ama-specs amahle kakhulu we-1955, akunjalo? Ngaphezu kwalokho u-gearbox ubudinga ukushayela ngamasondo angaphambili.

Izinjini zochungechunge "P" zazinezici ezifanayo futhi zafakwa ngokufanele lapho kubuyekezwa imodeli. Lolu chungechunge lwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi lwabuyekezwa futhi lwacwengwa izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, futhi izinhlobo zalo zafakwa ku-Patrol kwaze kwaba ngu-2003.

Isizukulwane sesibili sama-60 (1959-1980)

Ushintsho olubi kakhulu ekubukeni kuleli cala aluzange lubandakanye izinguquko ezinkulu ngaphansi kwe-hood - i-silinda-cylinder "P" 4.0l yahlala lapho. Mayelana nale njini, singaphawula umehluko wezobuchwepheshe ovumele iNissan Patrol ukuthi ingashintshi iyunithi yamandla iminyaka eyi-10. Ivolumu yokusebenza 3956 cubic metres. cm, amagumbi omlilo we-hemispherical kanye ne-crankshaft enezindlela eziyisikhombisa ezilinganiselayo ngokuphelele. I-Chain drive, i-carburetor nama-valve ayi-12 (2 isilinda ngasinye), ukucindezela ukusuka ku-10.5 kuye ku-11.5 kg/cm². Amafutha ngokuvamile asetshenziswa (futhi asekhona onobuhle nale injini amandla omlilo yangaphakathi) kwaba 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-30, 10W-40.

Isizukulwane sesithathu 160 (1980-1989)

Ngo-1980, lolu chungechunge lwakhululwa ukuze luthathe indawo ye-Model 60. Uchungechunge olusha lunikezwe izinjini ezintsha ezingu-4, kodwa "P40" yaqhubeka ifakwa. I-2.4L Z24 encane kunazo zonke iyinjini evuthayo yangaphakathi engu-4-cylinder efakwe i-throttle body injection system, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-NAPS-Z (i-Nissan anti-pollution system).

Ipheya yezinjini ze-L28 ne-L28E zingamandla kaphethiloli? Ihluke komunye nomunye ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka ngophethiloli. I-L28 ine-carburetor, futhi ukuguqulwa kwayo kunohlelo lomjovo olulawulwa yi-Bosh ECU, esekelwe ohlelweni lwe-L-Jetronic. I-L28E ingenye yezinjini zokuqala zaseJapane ukufaka uhlelo olunjalo. Ngobuchwepheshe, lolu chungechunge luphinde lwethule okunye okuhlukile okuningana: ama-piston ane-top flat, isilinganiso sokucindezela sinyusiwe futhi amandla akhushulwe kusuka ku-133 kuya ku-143 hp.

I-Diesel SD33 ne-SD33T inomthamo ongu-3.2 wamalitha. Lezi yizinjini ze-diesel zakudala ezivela kwaNissan, ezidume kakhulu ekucushweni kochungechunge lwe-Patrol 160; izici zabo zamandla aziphakeme, kodwa i-torque yanele ikhono elihle lokuwela izwe kanye nesivinini esihle emgwaqeni omkhulu (100 - 120). km/h). Umehluko emandleni alezi zinjini usebukhoneni be-turbocharging ku-SD33T, okucacayo ngokumaka.

Isizukulwane sesithathu sasinochungechunge oluhlukile lwe-260, olukhiqizwa eSpain ngaphansi kwegama elithi Ebro. Ngaphezu kwe-Z24, L28, SD33, imboni yakwaNissan Iberica ifake injini ye-Spanish 2.7 litre Perkins MD27 diesel ephelele no gearbox okhiqizwe endaweni ukuze ihambisane nomthetho waseSpain. Baphinde bafaka i-2.8 RD28 kanye nenguqulo yayo ene-turbocharged.

Isizukulwane sesine i-Y60 (1987-1997)

Uchungechunge lwe-Y60 seluvele luhluke kakhulu kunangaphambili ekuthuthukisweni okuningi kwemishini, okufana: izinga elikhulayo lokunethezeka kwangaphakathi, ukumiswa kwentwasahlobo okushintshiwe okuthathe indawo yeziphethu. Mayelana namayunithi kagesi, kube nokubuyekezwa okuphelele - amayunithi angu-4 ochungechunge lwe-RD, i-RB, i-TB ne-TD afakwe ukuze athathe indawo yawo wonke amamodeli enjini angaphambilini.

I-RD28T iyinjini yendabuko yakwaNissan enamasilinda ayisithupha esebenzisa injini kadizili futhi ifakwe i-turbocharger. Ama-valve angu-2 isilinda, i-camshaft eyodwa (SOHC). Uchungechunge lwe-RB luhlobene ne-RD, kodwa lezi zinjini zisebenza ngophethiloli. Njenge-RD, lena iyunithi ye-in-line yamasilinda ayisithupha, ububanzi bokusebenza obulungile futhi bungaphezu kuka-4000 rpm. Amandla e-RB30S angaphezulu kwabaningi abangaphambi kwayo kule modeli yemoto, kanti ne-torque isezingeni elifanayo. Ukumaka "S" kubonisa ukuthi ifakwe i-carburetor njengesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngengxube. Le njini iphinde yafakwa kwezinye izinguquko kwi-Skyline eyaziwayo.

I-TB42S/TB42E - izinjini ezinkulu eziyi-l6 (4.2 l) futhi zinamandla amakhulu, futhi kusukela ngo-1992 zifakwe uhlelo lomjovo we-elekthronikhi kanye nokuthungela ngogesi. Ukucushwa kufana nokuthi i-gas inlet kanye ne-outlet isezinhlangothini ezihlukene zekhanda le-cylinder. Ekuqaleni, ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli kanye nokwakhiwa kwengxube kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-carburetor enamagumbi amabili, futhi i-current yanikezwa ama-spark plugs ngokusebenzisa i-point distributor. I-TD42 iwuchungechunge lwezinjini zikadizili ezinamasilinda ayisithupha ezafakwa kumamodeli amaningi eminyakeni edlule, kodwa i-Y60 yayine-TD422. I-TD42 iyikhophi yenjini kadizili engamasilinda ayisithupha ene-prechamber. Ikhanda lesilinda lakhiwe ngendlela efanayo ne-TB42.

Isizukulwane sesihlanu i-Y61 (1997-2013; isakhiqizwa kwamanye amazwe)

Ngo-December 1997, okokuqala ngqa, lolu chungechunge lwatholakala ngezinjini zikaphethiloli ezingu-4.5, 4.8, 2.8, 3.0 no-4.2 litre, ezinye izakhiwo ezinokushayela kwesokudla nesobunxele emazweni ahlukene, kanye nezinketho zokuqala nge automatic transmission zanikezwa .

I-TB48DE iyinjini kaphethiloli enamasilinda ayisithupha esivele inamandla amakhulu kanye netorque, enkulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezine nengxenye kunezizukulwane ezedlule. Ama-camshaft amabili kanye nama-valve angu-4 isilinda ngasinye, futhi ukusebenza kwamavalvu kulawulwa uhlelo lokulawula isikhathi seValve.

I-TB45E iyunithi eguquliwe lapho ububanzi besilinda bukhushulwe khona ukusuka ku-96 kuya ku-99.5 mm ngokushaywa kwesilinda okufanayo. I-electronic ignition kanye nesistimu yomjovo we-elekthronikhi ithuthukise ukusebenza futhi yanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.

I-R28ETi iza ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukile komunye nomunye ngokwamandla, engezwe yi-RD28ETi ngokulahlekelwa okuncane kwe-torque. Imishini yabo yobuchwepheshe iyafana: isilawuli se-electronic turbine, isishintshi sokushisa sokupholisa ukugeleza komoya okuphoqelelwe.

I-ZD30DDTi iyiyunithi yamasilinda ayisithupha emgqeni wamalitha amathathu, ifakwe isishintshi sokushisa esine-turbocharged. Le njini kadizili ihlukile kweyandulelayo, njengabanye kulesi sizukulwane, ngokukhula ngamandla kanye netorque ngenxa yokwethulwa kwezinhlelo ezintsha ze-elekthronikhi zokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini.

I-TD42T3 - i-TD422 ethuthukisiwe.

Isizukulwane sesithupha i-Y62 (2010-okwamanje)

Isizukulwane sakamuva seNisan Patrol eyaziwa nge-Infiniti QX56 neNissan Armada ihlome ngakho konke abantu abajwayele ukukubona ezimotweni zesimanje. Imishini yobuchwepheshe incishisiwe yasetshenziswa izinjini ezintathu ezinamandla kakhulu ezifanele isigaba esindayo samaSUV, okungukuthi: VK56VD V8, VK56DE V8 kanye ne-VQ40DE V6.

I-VK56VD ne-VK56DE izinjini ezinkulu okwamanje ezikhiqizwe kwaNissan. Ukucushwa kwe-V8, umthamo wamalitha angu-5.6, kusemoyeni wabenzi bezimoto baseMelika, abayakhe okokuqala eTennessee. Umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinjini ezimbili amandla, okuncike ohlelweni lomjovo (oqondile) nokulawula i-valve (VVEL ne-CVTCS).

I-VQ40DE V6 iyinjini encane engu-4 litre efakwe amakhamera angenalutho angasindi kanye nobude obuhlukahlukene obuhlukahlukene. Ukuthuthukiswa okuningi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zesimanje kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwandisa kakhulu izici zamandla, kanye nokusetshenziswa ekucushweni kwamanye amamodeli ezimoto adinga idatha enjalo ukuze isetshenziswe izinga eliphezulu.

Ithebula elifingqiwe lezinjini ze-Nissan Patrol

Injini	Amandla, hp/rev	I-Torque, N*m/Revolutions	Iminyaka yokufakwa
3.7 NAK I6	75/3200	206/1600	1951-1955
3.7 NB I6	105/3400	264/1600	1955-1956
4.0 NC I6	105-143 / 3400	264-318 / 1600	1956-1959
4.0 .0 P I6 I6	125/3400	264/1600	1960-1980
2.4 Z24 l4	103/4800	182/2800	1983-1986
2.8 L28/L28E l6	120/~4000	****	1980-1989
3.2 SD33 l6 (diesel)	81/3600	237/1600	1980-1983
3.2 SD33T l6 (diesel)	93/3600	237/1600	1983-1987
4.0 P40 l6	125/3400	264/1600	1980-1989
2.7 I-Perkins MD27 l4 (i-diesel)	72-115 / 3600	****	1986-2002
2.8 RD28T I6-T (Udizili)	113/4400	255/2400	1996-1997
3.0 RB30S I6	140/4800	224/3000	1986-1991
4.2 TB42S/TB42E I6	173/4200	32/3200	1987-1997
4.2 TD42 I6 (diesel)	123/4000	273/2000	1987-2007
4.8 TB48DE I6	249/4800	420/3600	2001-
2.8 RD28ETi I6 (diesel)	132/4000	287/2000	1997-1999
3.0 ZD30DDTi I4 (Dizili)	170/3600	363/1800	1997-
4.2 TD42T3 I6 (diesel)	157/3600	330/2200	1997-2002
4.5 TB45E I6	197/4400	348/3600	1997-
5.6 VK56VD V8	400/4900	413/3600	2010-
5.6 VK56DE V8	317/4900	385/3600	2010-2016
4.0 VQ40DE V6	275/5600	381/4000	2017-