Nissan EM61, EM57 izinjini
Okuqukethwe
Izinjini ze-em61 ne-em57 zisetshenziswa ezimotweni zenkampani enkulu yezimoto iNissan. Abakhiqizi bezinjini zokukhathazeka kudala bezama ukushintsha izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi bafake ezikagesi isikhathi eside. Kodwa ukuqaliswa kwangempela kwentuthuko yabo kwenzeka muva nje. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, injini yokuqala kagesi yemoto yafakwa ekukhiqizeni.
Incazelo
Amayunithi kagesi esizukulwane esisha em61 kanye ne-em57 akhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2017. Baphuma ne-automatic transmission (gearbox) enesiteji esisodwa, ethatha indawo ka-gearbox wesintu.
I-em61 motor igesi, izigaba ezintathu, i-synchronous. Amandla angu-109 hp ne-torque engu-280 Nm. Isibonelo sokwethula ngokugcwele lezi zinkomba: imoto isheshisa ifike ku-100 km/h ngemizuzwana engu-11,9, isivinini esiphezulu singu-145 km/h.
Izitshalo zikagesi ze-Em61 zazifakelwe izimoto zakwaNissan Leaf zesizukulwane sokuqala kusukela ngo-2009 kuya ku-2017.
Ngokufanayo, injini ye-em57 ifakwe kwezinye izinhlobo zemoto zohlobo olufanayo eminyakeni ehlukene yenkathi efanayo.
Emithonjeni ehlukahlukene ungathola ukungezwani ngezinsuku zokukhiqiza zenjini. Ukuze ubuyisele iqiniso kule ndaba, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi injini yaqala ukufakwa ku-Nissan Leaf ngo-2009. Ekupheleni konyaka, yethulwa embukisweni wezimoto iTokyo Motor Show. Futhi kusukela ngo-2010 kwaqala ukudayiswa kwezimoto emphakathini jikelele. Ngakho, usuku lokudala injini - 2009.
Okunye ukucaciswa. Kumaforamu ahlukahlukene, injini “inikezwe” amagama angahambisani nalawo angempela. Eqinisweni, i-ZEO ayisebenzi ekumaka kweyunithi yamandla. Le nkomba iqoke izimoto ezinenjini ye-em61. Kusukela ngo-2013, izinjini ze-em57 zaqala ukufakwa kumamodeli amasha weLeaf. Lezi zimoto zithole inkomba yefekthri i-AZEO.
Ukuklama nokusebenza kwama-motor kagesi ezimotweni kubhekwa ngokuhambisana nebhethri ye-propulsion (traction). Amayunithi kagesi e-em61 kanye ne-em57 afakelwe amabhethri angu-24 kW nangama-30 kW.
Ibhethri linobukhulu obumangalisayo nesisindo futhi lifakwe emotweni endaweni yezihlalo zangaphambili nezangemuva.
Phakathi nakho konke ukuphila kwazo, izinjini ziye zathuthukiswa kane. Ngesikhathi sokuqala, ububanzi ngokushaja okukodwa kwanda kwaba ngu-228 km. Ngebhethri lesibili sithole impilo ende yesevisi. Eyesithathu yesimanje iphathelene nokushintshwa kwamabhethri. Injini yaqala ukuhlonyiswa uhlobo olusha lwebhethri, olubonakala ngokuthembeka okukhulayo. Ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwenyuse ibanga ngokushaja okukodwa kuya ku-280 km.
Lapho uthuthukisa injini, isistimu yayo yokululama yashintshwa (injini iphenduka ijeneretha ngesikhathi sokubhuleka noma ugu - okwamanje amabhethri ashajwa kabusha).
Njengoba ubona, ukwenziwa kwesimanje kuthinte kakhulu izinguquko ebhethrini. Injini ngokwayo ekuqaleni yaba yimpumelelo enkulu.
Phakathi nokugcinwa okuhleliwe okujwayelekile (kanye ngonyaka noma ngemva kwekhilomitha eliyizinkulungwane ezingu-1 km), ukuhlolwa kuphela kwenziwa enjini. Ingaphansi kokulawulwa:
- isimo socingo;
- imbobo yokushaja;
- izinkomba zokusebenza (isimo) sebhethri;
- ukuhlolwa kwekhompyutha kuyenziwa.
Ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-200, i-coolant yesistimu yokupholisa kanye namafutha ku-gearbox (ukudluliselwa) iyashintshwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi imigomo yokubuyisela uketshezi lwezobuchwepheshe izincomo. Ngamanye amazwi, zingandiswa ngaphandle komthelela omubi enjinini. Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nalokhu emiyalweni yokusebenza yemoto yakho.
Технические характеристики
| Injini | em61 | em57 |
|---|---|---|
| Umkhiqizi | AbakwaNissan Motor Co., Ltd. | AbakwaNissan Motor Co., Ltd. |
| uhlobo lwenjini | izigaba ezintathu, zikagesi | izigaba ezintathu, zikagesi |
| I-Fuel | ugesi | ugesi |
| Ubukhulu bamandla, i-hp | 109 | 109-150 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 280 | 320 |
| Indawo: | phambene | phambene |
| I-Mileage ngeshaji eyodwa, km | 175-199 | 280 |
| Uhlobo lwebhethri | i-lithium ion | i-lithium ion |
| Isikhathi sokushaja ibhethri, ihora | 8* | 8* |
| Umthamo webhethri, kW*hora | 24 | 30 |
| Ibanga lebhethri, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha | 160 | ukuze 200 |
| Impilo yesevisi yebhethri yewaranti, iminyaka | 8 | 8 |
| Impilo yebhethri yangempela, iminyaka | 15 | 15 |
| Isisindo sebhethri, kg | 275 | 294 |
| Impilo yenjini, km | b. 1 million** | b. 1 million** |
*Isikhathi sokushaja sincishiswa sibe amahora ama-4 uma usebenzisa ishaja ekhethekile engu-32-amp (ayifakiwe kuphakheji yenjini).
**ngenxa yempilo yesevisi emfushane, ayikho idatha ebuyekeziwe yempilo yangempela yamakhilomitha okwamanje.
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele amandla emoto kagesi yemoto, umshayeli ngamunye unesithakazelo olwazini olwengeziwe. Ake sibheke eziyinhloko.
Ukuthembeka
I-Nissan electric motor iphakeme kakhulu ekuthembekeni kuzinjini ezivamile zangaphakathi ezivuthayo. Lokhu kungenxa yezinto eziningi. Okokuqala, injini ayisebenzi. Ayinawo ngisho namabhulashi okuxhumana. Kunezingxenye ezintathu kuphela zokuhlikihla - i-stator, i-armature, nama-armature bearings. Kuvele ukuthi akukho okugqekeza enjinini. Imisebenzi eyenziwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa iqinisekisa lokhu.
Lapho beshintshana ngolwazi ezingosini ezikhethekile, ababambiqhaza bagcizelela ukwethembeka kwenjini. Isibonelo, u-Ximik wase-Irkutsk uyabhala (isitayela sombhali sigciniwe):
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Awekho amaphuzu abuthakathaka atholakala enjinini ngokwayo, engakwazi ukusho ngebhethri. Kunezikhalo ngaye, kwesinye isikhathi azithetheleleki ngokuphelele. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.
Owokuqala. Inqubo yokushaja ende. Yiqiniso lokhu. Kodwa ingancishiswa uma usebenzisa ishaja ethengwe ngokuhlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ushaja eziteshini zokushaja ezikhethekile nge-voltage engu-400V kanye ne-current ye-20-40A, inqubo yokushaja ibhethri ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-30. Inkinga kuphela kulesi simo kungaba ukushisa kwebhethri. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela isetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni eziphansi zokushisa (ezilungele ubusika).
Owesibili. Ukwehla kwemvelo kumthamo owusizo webhethri cishe ku-2% kuwo wonke amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kuphazamiseka kungabhekwa njengokungafaneleki, ngoba impilo yonke yebhethri ineminyaka engaba ngu-15.
Elesithathu. Ukuntuleka kokupholisa okuphoqelekile kwebhethri kuletha ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Isibonelo, uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient lingaphezu kuka +40˚C, umenzi akancomi ukusebenzisa imoto.
Okwesine. Amazinga okushisa angemahle nawo awalungile. Ngakho-ke, kokuthi -25˚C nangaphansi, ibhethri liyayeka ukwamukela ukushajwa. Ukwengeza, ebusika, ibanga lemoto lincishiswa cishe ngamakhilomitha angama-50. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi senzakalo ukufakwa kwemishini yokushisa (isitofu, isondo lokuqondisa, izihlalo ezishisayo, njll.). Lokhu kubangela ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuphuma kwebhethri ngokushesha.
Ukulondolozeka
Injini ayikalungiswa. Uma kuphakama isidingo esinjalo, kuzodingeka uxhumane nomthengisi osemthethweni, ngoba kuzoba yinkinga ukwenza lo msebenzi ezinsizeni zemoto.
Ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwebhethri kwenziwa ngokushintsha amaseli wamandla ahlulekile.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, iyunithi yamandla ingashintshwa ngenkontileka. Izitolo eziku-inthanethi zinikeza ukukhetha kwezinjini ezivela eJapan, e-USA nakwamanye amazwe.
Ividiyo: Ukushintsha uwoyela ku-gearbox wemoto kagesi yakwaNissan Leaf.
Izinjini ze-Nissan em61 kanye ne-em57 zibonise ukuthi zinamandla futhi zithembekile amayunithi kagesi. Banikeza inhlanganisela enhle kakhulu yokuqina kanye nokulula kokugcinwa.
