Izinjini zeHonda Civic
Okuqukethwe
AbakwaHonda Civic bamele ikilasi lezimoto ezihlangene ezaduma ngesikhathi sazo futhi zaletha inkampani yakwaHonda kubaholi bezimoto. I-Civic yaqala ukuboniswa emphakathini emuva ngo-1972 futhi yaqala ukudayiswa ngawo lowo nyaka.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Ukuqala kokuthengisa kubuyela emuva ku-1972. Bekuyimoto encane, edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili evela eJapan ebijwayeleke kakhulu futhi engazange igqame emqhudelwaneni. Kodwa kamuva, yi-Civic ezoba imoto yokuqala yokukhiqiza, okuzokhuluma ngayo yonke i-Old World. Izimoto zalesi sizukulwane zazinenjini engu-1,2-litre ngaphansi kwe-hood, eyakhiqiza amandla angu-50, futhi isisindo semoto sasingu-650 kg kuphela. Njengama-gearbox, umthengi wayenikezwa i-"mechanics" enamagiya amane noma i-Hondamatic automatic gearbox.
Ngemuva kokwethulwa kokuthengiswa kwemoto, umenzi uthathe ukubuyekezwa komugqa wemoto. Ngakho, ngo-1973, umthengi wanikezwa "Honda Civic", okuyinto ifakwe injini 1,5 litre futhi 53 amahhashi. Kufakwe okuhlukile noma "izinyathelo ezinhlanu" eziwumshini kule moto. Bekukhona ne-Civic RS "eshajiwe", enenjini enamagumbi amabili kanye nenqola yesiteshi somndeni.
Ngo-1974 injini yavuselelwa. Uma sikhuluma ngamandla embonini yamandla, ukwanda kwaba "amahhashi" angu-2, futhi imoto nayo yaba lula kancane. Ngo-1978, inguqulo enenjini ye-CVCC yabuyekezwa futhi, manje amandla ale moto akhuphukele ku-60 horsepower.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lapho, ngo-1975, iCongressman US yamukela izidingo ezikhethekile eziqinile neziqinile zokukhishwa kwezimoto, kwavela ukuthi i-Honda Civic enenjini ye-CVCC yayingu-100% futhi ngisho ne-margin eqinile ihlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezintsha. Kukho konke lokhu, i-Civic ayizange ibe ne-catalyst. Le moto yayingaphambi kwesikhathi sayo!
Isizukulwane sesibili
Le moto yakwaHonda Civic isuselwe esisekelweni sangaphambili (isizukulwane sokuqala iCivic). Ngo-1980, i-Honda yanikeza umthengi isizukulwane esisha esilandelayo se-Civic hatchback (ekuqaleni kokuthengisa), babe neyunithi yamandla entsha ye-CVCC-II (EJ), eyayine-displacement 1,3 amalitha, amandla ayo angu-55 "amahhashi", injini yayinohlelo olukhethekile lwegumbi lomlilo eliguquliwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakha enye injini (EM). Kwakushesha, amandla ayo afinyelela amabutho angu-67, futhi umthamo wawo wokusebenza wawungu-1,5 amalitha.
Womabili lawa mayunithi kagesi abhangqwe nogearbox abathathu ongakhetha kuwo: i-manual enamagiya amane, i-XNUMX-speed manual kanye nebhokisi lamarobhothi amasha elinamagiya amabili eline-overdrive (leli bhokisi lathatha unyaka kuphela, lashintshwa isivinini esithuthuke kakhulu amathathu). Eminyakeni embalwa ngemva kokuqala kokuthengiswa kwesizukulwane sesibili, umugqa wemodeli wanezelwa ngezimoto ngemuva kwenqola yesiteshi somndeni (yayinezilinganiso ezinhle kakhulu zokuthengisa eYurophu) kanye ne-sedan.
Isizukulwane sesithathu
Imodeli yayinesisekelo esisha. Injini ye-EV DOHC yale mishini yayine-displacement ye-1,3 amalitha (amandla angu-80 "amahhashi"). Kodwa akuphelelanga lapho kulesi sizukulwane! Umkhiqizi wethula ngo-1984 inguqulo ekhokhisiwe, eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Civic Si. Lezi zimoto zazinenjini engu-1,5-litre DOHC EW ngaphansi kwe-hood, eyakhiqiza amandla angu-90 no-100, kuye ngokuthi ukhona / ukungabikho kwe-turbine. I-Civic Si ikhule ngosayizi futhi isisondele kakhulu ku-Accord (okungeyesigaba esiphezulu).
Isizukulwane sesine
Abaphathi benkampani babeke umgomo ocacile wonjiniyela bokuthuthukiswa kokukhathazeka kwaHonda. Kwakuwukwakha injini entsha yesimanje esebenza kahle kakhulu evuthayo yangaphakathi, eyayiyimpumelelo ye-Civic. Onjiniyela basebenze kanzima futhi bakudala!
Isizukulwane sesine seHonda Civic sasifakwe isizinda samandla esinamavalvu angu-16, onjiniyela abasibiza ngeHyper. Injini yayinezinhlobonhlobo ezinhlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukususwa kwenjini kuhluka kusuka ku-1,3 amalitha (D13B) kuya ku-1,5 amalitha (D15B). Amandla emoto asuka ku-62 kuya ku-92 amahhashi. Ukumiswa sekuzimele, futhi ukushayela kugcwele. Bekukhona nenjini engu-1,6 litre ZC yenguqulo yeCivic Si, amandla ayo angu-130 amahhashi.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, kwavela injini eyengeziwe engu-16-litre B1,6A (amahhashi angu-160). Kwezinye izimakethe, le njini yaguqulwa yasebenzisa igesi yemvelo, kodwa izimpawu zenjini zahlala zifana: D16A. Ngaphezu kwemodeli ye-hatchback yakudala, izinguqulo zakhiqizwa emzimbeni wenqola yesiteshi esinendawo yonke kanye ne-coupe.
Isizukulwane sesihlanu
Izilinganiso zemoto zikhulile futhi. Onjiniyela benkampani baphinde baphothula. Manje injini ye-D13B yayisivele ikhiqiza amandla angama-85. Ngaphezu kwalesi yunithi amandla, kwakukhona izinjini ezinamandla kakhudlwana - kwaba D15B: 91 "amahhashi", umthamo ukusebenza 1,5 amalitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwanikezwa injini ekhiqiza i-94 hp, i-100 hp, ne-130 "amahhashi".
Umkhiqizi ngo-1993 wanikeza inguqulo ekhethekile yale moto - i-coupe eneminyango emibili. Ngonyaka owodwa kamuva, umugqa wezinjini wagcwaliswa, i-DOHC VTEC B16A (ivolumu yokusebenza engu-1,6 l) yengezwa, eyakhiqiza i-155 eqinile ne-170 hp. Lezi zinjini zaqala ukufakwa ezinguqulweni zemakethe yaseMelika kanye nemakethe ye-Old World. Emakethe yasekhaya yaseJapan, i-coupe yayinenjini ye-D16A, ukufuduka kweyunithi yamandla kwakungu-1,6 amalitha futhi kwakhiqiza amandla angu-130.
Ngo-1995, i-Honda yakhiqiza i-Honda Civic yezigidi eziyishumi yalesi sizukulwane. Umhlaba wonke wezwa ngale mpumelelo. I-Civic entsha yayinesibindi futhi ihlukile ngokubukeka. Yayithandwa ngabathengi, okwaba ukwanda.
Isizukulwane sesithupha
Ngo-1996, i-Civic iphinde yagqama emhlabeni wonke mayelana nobungane bayo bemvelo. Futhi uyena kuphela owakwazi ukuhlangabezana nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi "izindinganiso zaseCalifornia" zokuqeda amandla. Imoto yalesi sizukulwane yathengiswa ngezinguqulo ezinhlanu:
- I-hatchback eneminyango emithathu;
- I-Hatchback enezicabha ezinhlanu;
- I-coupe enezicabha ezimbili;
- I-Classic sedan yeminyango emine;
- Inqola yesiteshi somndeni enezicabha ezinhlanu.
Umkhakha omkhulu ekukhiqizeni wanikezwa izimoto ezinenjini ye-D13B ne-D15B, eyayinamandla angu-91 (ukususwa - 1,3 amalitha) kanye "namahhashi" angu-105 (usayizi wenjini - 1,5 amalitha), ngokulandelana.
Kwakhiqizwa inguqulo ye-Honda Civic, eyayinegama elingeziwe - i-Ferio, yayinenjini ye-D15B VTEC (amandla angu-130 "mare"). Ngo-1999, kwenziwa ukulungiswa kabusha okukhanyayo, okwathinta ingxenye enkulu yomzimba kanye ne-optics. Kwezinye izici zokuklama zokulungiswa kabusha, umuntu angakwazi ukukhipha i-gearbox ezenzakalelayo, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi yayeka ukuba yisimiso futhi yaba yindinganiso.
EJapane, bakhiqiza i-coupe enenjini ye-D16A (amandla angu-120 amahhashi). Ngaphezu kwalesi sikhungo samandla, izinjini ze-B16A (amahhashi angu-155 no-170) nazo zanikezwa, kodwa azizange zitholakale ukusatshalaliswa kwazo okubanzi kubantu abaningi, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile.
Isizukulwane sesikhombisa
Ngo-2000, kwakhululwa isizukulwane esisha kakade edume "Honda Civic". Imoto ithathe izilinganiso kowandulelayo. Kodwa ubukhulu bekhabethe bengezwe ngokuphawulekayo. Kanye nomklamo omusha womzimba, le moto ithole ukumiswa kwe-MacPherson strut yesimanje. Njengemoto, iyunithi entsha yamandla engu-1,7-litre D17A enamandla amahhashi angu-130 ifakwe kumodeli. Izimoto zalesi sizukulwane nazo zakhiqizwa ngezinjini ezindala ze-D15B (amahhashi angu-105 no-115).
Ngo-2002, kwakhululwa inguqulo ekhethekile ye-Civic Si, ifakwe injini ye-horsepower engu-160 kanye nemishini ekhethekile eqinile enesivinini emihlanu, eyayibolekwe kumakhophi e-rally wemodeli. Ngemva konyaka, i-Civic hybrid yadayiswa, yayinenjini ye-LDA ene-displacement ye-1,3 amalitha ngaphansi kwe-hood, inikeze "amahhashi" angu-86. Le njini yayisebenza ngenjini kagesi enamahhashi angu-13.
Ngo-2004, umenzi wenza restyling isizukulwane sesikhombisa imodeli, wathinta optics, izakhi zomzimba, futhi wethula uhlelo evumela injini ukuba iqalwe ngaphandle ukhiye (kwezinye izimakethe imodeli). Kube nenguqulo yegesi yemakethe yaseJapan. Yayinenjini engu-17-litre D1,7A (amahhashi angu-105).
isizukulwane sesishiyagalombili
Ngo-2005, yethulwa emphakathini. I-chic ekhethekile i-futuristic tidy. Le sedan yesizukulwane ayibukeki njenge-hatchback nhlobo. Lezi izimoto ezimbili ezihluke ngokuphelele. Banakho konke okuhlukile (salon, ukumiswa, optics, umsebenzi womzimba). E-Europe, i-Civic yayithengiswa ngezitayela zomzimba ze-sedan ne-hatchback (iminyango emithathu neyisihlanu). Awekho ama-hatchback emakethe yase-US, ama-coupes nama-sedans ayetholakala. I-sedan yemakethe yaseNyakatho Melika yayihluke enguqulweni efanayo yemakethe yaseYurophu ngaphandle, kodwa ngaphakathi kwakuyizimoto ezifanayo.
Ngokuqondene nama-motor, ngakho-ke konke kuyinkimbinkimbi. EYurophu, i-Civic yakhiqizwa:
- IHatchback 1,3 litre L13Z1 (83 horsepower);
- I-Hatchback 1,3 litre L13Z1 (100 horsepower)
- IHatchback 1,8 litre Type S R18A2 (140 horsepower);
- IHatchback 2,2 litre N22A2 diesel (140 horsepower);
- I-Hatchback 2 litre K20A Type R version (201 horsepower);
- I-Sedan 1,3 litre LDA-MF5 (amahhashi angu-95);
- ISedan 1,4 litre Hybrid (113 horsepower);
- ISedan 1,8 litre R18A1 (140 horsepower).
E-USA, kwakukhona amanye ama-powertrains amaningana ezimotweni zalesi sizukulwane:
- ISedan 1,3 litre Hybrid (110 horsepower);
- ISedan 1,8 litre R18A2 (140 horsepower);
- Sedan 2,0 amalitha (197 amahhashi);
- Coupe 1,8 litre R18A2 (140 amahhashi);
- Coupe 2,0 amalitha (197 amahhashi);
Futhi ezimakethe zase-Asia, imodeli yakhiqizwa kuphela ku-sedan nasezinguqulweni ezilandelayo:
- ISedan 1,4 litre Hybrid (95 horsepower);
- ISedan 1,8 litre R18A2 (140 horsepower);
- Sedan 2,0 amalitha (155 amahhashi);
- I-Sedan 2,0 litre K20A Type R version (225 horsepower).
I-hatchback Civic ifike "nomshini" onamagiya amahlanu nayisithupha, njengenye indlela, kwanikezwa irobhothi elizenzakalelayo. Futhi kusukela ngo-2009, umugqa wama-gearbox wanezelwa uguquko lwe-torque othomathikhi onamagiya amahlanu (okungena esikhundleni se-"robot", engazange ikakhulukazi ithengwe). I-sedan ibitholakala ne-hydraulic automatic transmission (enamagiya amahlanu namagiya ayisithupha). Imoto enenjini eyi-hybrid inikezwe iCVT kuphela.
Ngo-2009, i-Civic yavuselelwa kabusha, yathinta kancane ukubonakala, ingaphakathi nemishini yemoto. I-Civic 8 yayinenguqulo eshajwayo evela ku-Mugen, le moto "eshisayo" yayisekelwe ohlotsheni olunamandla lwe-Civic R. Inguqulo "eshisayo" yayinenjini ye-K20A ngaphansi kwe-hood, eyayijikijelwe amandla amahhashi angu-240, imoto yayihlonywe. “nomshini” onamajubane angu-6. Le nguqulo ikhishwe ngochungechunge olulinganiselwe (izingcezu ezingu-300), zonke izimoto zathengiswa ngemizuzu eyi-10.
Isizukulwane sesishiyagalolunye
Ngo-2011, wethula i-Civic entsha, wayemuhle kakhulu ngokubukeka. Igrille yayo eyi-all-metal, ephenduka ibe yi-optics futhi kwengezwe ne-nameplate yenkampani ene-chrome, iwubuciko bomklami wezimoto obusezingeni eliphezulu.
Lezi zimoto zifakwe izinjini ze-R18A1 ezine-displacement engu-1,8 litre (141 horsepower) kanye nezinjini ze-R18Z1 ezinomthamo ofanayo namandla angu-142. Futhi, ngemva kwesikhashana, le njini yahlelwa ngokuhlukile, yayibhalwe ukuthi R18Z4, inamandla afanayo (amahhashi angu-142), kodwa yanciphisa kancane ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
Ithebula lezitshalo zamandla ezifakwe kumodeli
| Injini | Izizukulwane | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| 1.2 l, 50 hp | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-CVCC 1.5 l, 53 hp | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-CVCC 1.5 l, 55 hp | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-CVCC 1.5 l, 60 hp | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| EJ 1.5 l, 80 hp. | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| EM 1.5 l, 80 hp | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-EV 1.3 l, 80 hp | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| EW 1.5 l, 90 hp | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-D13B 1.3 l, 82 hp | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| I-D13B 1.3 l, 91 hp | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - |
| I-D15B 1.5 l, 91 hp | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| I-D15B 1.5 l, 94 hp | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - |
| I-D15B 1.5 l, 100 hp | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | - |
| I-D15B 1.5 l, 105 hp | - | - | - | + | - | + | - | - | - |
| I-D15B 1.5 l, 130 hp | - | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - |
| I-D16A 1.6 L, 115 hp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-D16A 1.6 L, 120 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - |
| I-D16A 1.6 L, 130 hp. | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - |
| B16A 1.6 l, 155 hp. | - | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - |
| B16A 1.6 l, 160 hp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - |
| B16A 1.6 l, 170 hp. | - | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | - |
| I-ZC 1.6 l, 105 hp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-ZC 1.6 l, 120 hp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-ZC 1.6 l, 130 hp. | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - |
| I-D14Z6 1.4 l, 90 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
| I-D16V1 1.6 l, 110 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
| 4EE2 1.7 l, 101 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
| I-K20A3 2.0 l, 160 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - |
| I-LDA 1.3 l, 86 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| I-LDA-MF5 1.3 l, 95 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| R18A2 1.8 l, 140 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| R18A1 1.8 l, 140 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + |
| R18A 1.8 l, 140 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| R18Z1 1.8 l, 142 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + |
| I-K20A 2.0 l, 155 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| I-K20A 2.0 l, 201 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
| I-N22A2 2.2 l, 140 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| L13Z1 1.3 L, 100 hp. | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
| R18Z4 1.8 l, 142 hp | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + |
Izibuyekezo
Noma ngabe yisiphi isizukulwane okuxoxwa ngaso, ukubuyekezwa kuhlala kuncomeka. Lena ikhwalithi yeqiniso yaseJapane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Honda ihlale iyisinyathelo ngaphezu kwazo zonke izimbangi zayo zaseJapane. Lena ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu, izingxenye eziyinhloko, kanye nengaphakathi.
Asikwazanga ukuthola idatha kunoma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlelekile zezinjini noma amabhokisi egiya ku-Civic yanoma yisiphi isizukulwane. Kukhona ukubuyekezwa okungavamile okungalungile ekusebenzeni kwe-variator noma irobhothi elizenzakalelayo, kodwa kubonakala sengathi lokhu kuyinkinga yemishini ngayinye eyayingagcinwa kahle, kunokuba "izilonda zezingane" zesizukulwane sonke. Futhi, abashayeli baseRussia kwesinye isikhathi bayakhuza amabhampa angaphambili angaphansi kwamamodeli esimanje eCivic. Lawa ma-overhangs awakubekezeleli imigwaqo enezihibe zamadolobha aseRussia.
Insimbi yeCivic ngokwesiko isezingeni eliphezulu, izimoto zimelana nokugqwala kahle. Kuma-minuses, akuzona izingxenye ezishibhile ezitholakala kuzo zonke izizukulwane (ikakhulukazi zakamuva) ezingaphawulwa, kodwa lo mkhuba ubonakala phakathi kwabakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto. Okunye okungalungile kwayo yonke i-Honda iyonke ukuhamba kwehhovisi elimele elisemthethweni lenkampani emakethe yaseRussia. Lokhu kuyigalelo kubo bonke abathandi bophawu lwezwe lethu. Kodwa ngethemba ukuthi lokhu kungokwesikhashana.
Ngokuqondene nokukhetha imoto, kunzima ukunikeza iseluleko. Khetha ngokusekelwe kokuthandayo kanye namandla akho ezezimali.
