Izinjini ze-Chevrolet Cruze
Okuqukethwe
IChevrolet Cruze ithathe indawo yeChevrolet Lacetti neChevrolet Cobalt. Ikhiqizwe kusuka ku-2008 kuya ku-2015.
Lena imoto enhle kakhulu ethandwa abathandi bezimoto zasekhaya. Ake sicabangele izici zayo zobuchwepheshe ngokuningiliziwe.
Uhlolojikelele lwemodeli
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, le modeli yaqala ukukhiqizwa ngo-2008, isiteji sayo kwakuyi-Delta II. I-Opel Astra J yadalwa endaweni efanayo. Ekuqaleni, ukukhiqizwa kwemakethe yaseRussia kwasungulwa embonini eseShushary, ibhizinisi elakhiwe ngabakwaGM. Kamuva, lapho izinqola zesiteshi zengezwa emgqeni, zakhiqizwa embonini ye-Avtotor, e-Kaliningrad.
Ezweni lethu, imodeli yasetshenziswa kuze kube ngu-2015. Ngemva kwalokhu, kwamenyezelwa ukwethulwa kwesizukulwane sesibili semoto, futhi eyokuqala yayekwa. Kodwa, empeleni, isizukulwane sesibili sabona ukukhanya kuphela e-USA nase-China; akuzange kufinyelele ezweni lethu. Okulandelayo, sizocabangela kuphela isizukulwane sokuqala "Chevrolet Cruze".
Ngokusho kwabaningi abathanda izimoto, le moto ihlukaniswa sezingeni eliphezulu lokunethezeka nokuthembeka. Kukhona ukuguqulwa okuningana, okukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe umshini ofanelana nezidingo zakho.
Ukucaciswa kwenjini
IChevrolet Cruze ibifakwe amayunithi kagesi amaningana ahlukene. Zihluke ngezici zobuchwepheshe, okuvumela ukuthi ukhethe imoto ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zomshayeli othile. Ukuze kube lula, sifingqa zonke izinkomba eziyinhloko etafuleni.
| I-A14NET | F16D3 | F18D4 | I-Z18XER | I-M13A | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukufuduka kwenjini, ama-cubic cm | 1364 | 1598 | 1598 | 1796 | 1328 |
| I-torque enkulu, i-N * m (kg * m) ku-rpm. | 175 (18) /3800 | 142 (14) / 4000 | 154 (16) / 4200 | 165 (17)/4600 | 110 (11)/4100 |
| 200 (20) /4900 | 150 (15) / 3600 | 155 (16) / 4000 | 167 (17)/3800 | 118 (12)/3400 | |
| 150 (15) / 4000 | 170 (17)/3800 | 118 (12)/4000 | |||
| 118 (12)/4400 | |||||
| Amandla amakhulu, hp | 140 | 109 | 115 - 124 | 122 - 125 | 85 - 94 |
| Amandla amakhulu, hp (kW) ngo-rpm | 115 (85) /5600 | 109 (80) / 5800 | 115 (85) / 6000 | 122 (90)/5600 | 85 (63)/6000 |
| 140 (103) / 4900 | 109 (80) / 6000 | 124 (91) / 6400 | 122 (90)/6000 | 88 (65)/6000 | |
| 140 (103) / 6000 | 125 (92)/3800 | 91 (67)/6000 | |||
| 140 (103) / 6300 | 125 (92)/5600 | 93 (68)/5800 | |||
| 125 (92)/6000 | 94 (69)/6000 | ||||
| Amafutha asetshenzisiwe | Igesi/Uphethiloli | Uphethiloli AI-92 | Uphethiloli AI-95 | Uphethiloli AI-92 | Okujwayelekile (AI-92, AI-95) |
| Uphethiloli AI-95 | Uphethiloli AI-95 | Uphethiloli AI-95 | Uphethiloli AI-95 | ||
| Uphethiloli AI-98 | |||||
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km | 5.9 - 8.8 | 6.6 - 9.3 | 6.6 - 7.1 | 7.9 - 10.1 | 5.9 - 7.9 |
| uhlobo lwenjini | Emgqeni, 4-isilinda | 4-isilinda, emgqeni | Emgqeni, 4-isilinda | Emgqeni, 4-isilinda | I-4-cylinder, 16-valve, i-variable valve timing system (VVT) |
| Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ku-g / km | 123 - 257 | 172 - 178 | 153 - 167 | 185 - 211 | 174 - 184 |
| Faka. imininingwane yenjini | umjovo wamafutha amaningi | umjovo wamafutha amaningi | umjovo wamafutha amaningi | umjovo wamafutha amaningi | I-valve ye-DOHC 16 |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 72.5 | 79 | 80.5 | 80.5 | 78 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 82.6 | 81.5 | 88.2 | 88.2 | 69.5 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 9.5 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 9.5 |
| Qala-stop uhlelo | ngokuzithandela | No | Inketho | Inketho | No |
| Ishaja enkulu | I-Turbine | No | No | No | No |
| Insiza eyinkulungwane yamakhilomitha. | 350 | 200-250 | 200-250 | 200-250 | 250 |
Njengoba ubona, ngobuchwepheshe zonke izinjini zihluke kakhulu, lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhetha okukhethwa kukho ezifanele kakhulu umshisekeli imoto.
Okwamanje, ngokuhambisana nomthetho, asikho isidingo sokuhlola inombolo yeyunithi yamandla lapho ubhalisa imoto. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kusadingeka, isibonelo, lapho ukhetha izinhlobo ezithile zezingxenye. Zonke izinhlobo zezinjini zinenombolo egxivizwe ekhanda lesilinda. Ungayibona ngenhla kwesihlungi samafutha. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ijwayele ukugqwala. Lokhu kungase kubangele ukuthi umbhalo ucekelwe phansi. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, ngezikhathi ezithile hlola indawo, uyihlanze ekugqwaleni, futhi uyigcobe nganoma yimaphi amafutha.
Izici zokusebenza
Izinjini ezifakwe kule moto ziqinile impela. Bakubekezelela ukusebenza kahle ezimweni ezinzima zaseRussia. Njengoba izinjini zihlukile, ukugcinwa nokusebenza kuhluke ngandlela thize.
Ngezansi sizobheka ama-nuances ayinhloko wokulungiswa, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini. Lokhu kuzokusiza ugweme izinkinga ngemoto yakho.
Isevisi
Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukugcinwa okuhleliwe kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Lena inqubo eyimpoqo eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenjini okuvamile. Ngokwezincomo zomkhiqizi, i-mileage encane phakathi kwesondlo esiyisisekelo ingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-15. Kodwa, ekusebenzeni, kungcono ukukwenza kanye njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-10, ngemuva kwakho konke, izimo zokusebenza zivame ukuhluka kwezinhle kakhulu.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuyisisekelo, ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwazo zonke izingxenye zenjini kuyenziwa. Ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha nakho kuyimpoqo. Uma ukuqhekeka kubonwa, kuyasuswa. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ushintsha uwoyela wenjini nesihlungi. Lawa mafutha alandelayo angasetshenziselwa ukushintshwa.
| Imodeli ye-ICE | Ukugcwalisa ivolumu l | Ukumaka amafutha |
|---|---|---|
| F18D4 | 4.5 | I-5W-30 |
| I-5W-40 | ||
| I-0W-30 (Izindawo zokushisa eziphansi) | ||
| 0W-40(Izindawo zokushisa eziphansi) | ||
| I-Z18XER | 4.5 | I-5W-30 |
| I-5W-40 | ||
| I-0W-30 (Izindawo zokushisa eziphansi) | ||
| I-0W-40 (Izindawo zokushisa eziphansi) | ||
| I-A14NET | 4 | I-5W-30 |
| I-M13A | 4 | I-5W-30 |
| I-10W-30 | ||
| I-10W-40 | ||
| F16D3 | 3.75 | 5W30 |
| 5W40 | ||
| 10W30 | ||
| 0W40 |
Ngokusho kokucaciswa komthengisi, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-synthetics kuphela. Kodwa, ngenkathi efudumele, amafutha e-semi-synthetic angasetshenziswa.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kokuthungela, ama-spark plugs ashintshwa njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30. Uma besezingeni eliphezulu, bazosebenza sonke lesi sikhathi ngaphandle kwezinkinga noma ukwehluleka.
Ibhande lesikhathi lidinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Wonke ama-motor ngaphandle kwe-M13A asebenzisa i-belt drive. Bayishintsha ngamamayela ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60, kepha kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kungadingeka ngaphambili. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga, kufanele uhlole isimo sebhande njalo.
I-M13A isebenzisa i-timing chain drive. Uma isetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, inokwethenjelwa kakhulu. Njengomthetho, ukushintshwa kuyadingeka ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150-200. Njengoba ngaleso sikhathi injini isivele isigugile, ukufaka esikhundleni se-timing drive kuhlanganiswa nokulungiswa okukhulu kweyunithi yamandla.
Ukungasebenzi kahle okuvamile
Noma iyiphi i-motor inamaphutha ayo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwesici. Lokhu kumele kubhekwe futhi izinkinga ezivelayo kufanele zixazululwe ngesikhathi. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zilinde abanikazi beChevrolet Cruze.
Ububi obukhulu be-A14NET ukuthi i-turbine ayinawo amandla anele; ifuna namafutha. Uma uyigcwalisa nge-lubricant yekhwalithi ephansi, ingozi yokwehluleka izokhula. Futhi, akufanele uhlale ushayela le njini ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi lokhu kuzoholela "ekufeni" kwe-turbine futhi mhlawumbe ne-piston. Kuphinde kube nenkinga, ejwayelekile kuzo zonke izinjini zakwa-Opel, ezivuza amafutha ngaphansi kwesembozo sevalvu. Imvamisa ukuthwala kwephampu kuyehluleka futhi kudinga ukushintshwa.
Enjinini ye-Z18XER, isilawuli sesigaba siyahluleka kwesinye isikhathi, lapho injini iqala ukukhenceza njengenjini yedizili. Isixazululo ukufaka i-valve ye-solenoid efakwe kusilawuli sesigaba; ungazama ukuyihlanza ekungcoleni. Enye iyunithi eyinkinga lapha i-thermostat, ayihlali ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-80, futhi ekusebenzeni ngokuvamile ihluleka kakhulu ngaphambili.
Inkinga ngenjini ye-F18D4 ukuguga okusheshayo kwezinto eziyinhloko zeyunithi. Ngakho-ke, inokuphila kwesevisi okufushane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuwohloka okuncane akwenzeki.
Uma ucabangela iyunithi yamandla ye-F16D3, umuntu angakwazi ukuqaphela ukwethembeka kwayo. Kodwa, kulokhu, izinkinga zingase ziphakame ngokuhluleka kwe-hydraulic valve compensator, bahluleka kaningi. Injini iphinde ibe ne-exhaust system ehlukene. Lolu phiko luvame ukuhluleka njalo.
Okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu kungabizwa nge-M13A. Le njini inesigcini esikhulu sokusinda, esisindisa umshayeli ezinkingeni eziningi. Uma uyinakekela ngendlela efanele, cishe awekho amaphutha. Kwesinye isikhathi kungase kube nenkinga ngenzwa yokuma kwe-crankshaft; lokhu cishe ukungasebenzi kahle kwale njini. Futhi, uma usebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi, ukukhanya kokuhlola kuyakhanya futhi kuvela iphutha lokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yamandla.
Ukuhlwaya
Abashayeli abaningi abazithandi izici ezijwayelekile zezinjini, ngakho-ke izindlela eziningi ziye zasungulwa ezisiza ukukhulisa amandla noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini. Ake sibheke lezo ezifaneleke kakhulu kuyunithi ngayinye yamandla ethize.
Ngenjini ye-A14NET, ikhambi elilungile kungaba ukulungisa i-chip. Lapha kusebenza kakhulu, ngoba kusetshenziswa i-turbine. Ngokukhanyayo okufanele kweyunithi yokulawula, ungathola ukukhuphuka kwamandla ka-10-20%. Akunangqondo ukwenza ezinye izinguquko kule njini; ukukhuphuka kuzoba kuncane, kepha izindleko zizoba zibalulekile.
Kunamathuba amaningi okushintsha injini ye-Z18XER, kodwa kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi iningi lomsebenzi lizobiza isamba esikhulu. Inketho elula kunazo zonke i-chip tuning, ngosizo lwayo ungakwazi ukwengeza amandla angaba ngu-10% enjinini. Uma ufuna ukuthola ukwanda okuphawulekayo, uzodinga ukufaka i-turbine, kanye nokushintsha induku yokuxhuma neqembu le-piston, futhi amasilinda azobe enesithukuthezi ngesikhathi esifanayo. Le ndlela yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola amandla afinyelela ku-200 hp. Kulokhu, uzodinga ukufaka u-gearbox ohlukile, uqinise amabhuleki kanye ne-suspension.
I-F18D4 ivamise ukudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ekushuneni, futhi imiphumela izoba nempikiswano kakhulu. Lapha, ngisho nokulungisa i-chip akunamphumela; ukuze uzuze ukukhuphuka ngo-15%, uzodinga ukushintsha ibhulukwe elivamile lokuqeda nge "spider". Ukuze uthole umphumela omkhulu, kufanele ubheke ku-turbine; inikeza ukwanda okukhulu kwamandla. Kodwa, ngaphezu kwalokhu, kuyinto efiselekayo ukufaka izingxenye ezintsha zenduku yokuxhuma neqembu le-piston elimelene nemithwalo enjalo. Uma kungenjalo, kuzodingeka wenze izinguquko ezinkulu zenjini kaningi.
Injini ye-F16D3 isheshiswa kakhulu ngokubhoreka amasilinda. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uzuze amandla anyukile ngezindleko ezincane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukulungiswa kwe-chip kuyadingeka.
I-M13A ivamise ukugqitshwa kusetshenziswa i-chip tuning, kodwa lokhu akuniki ukwanda okufanele kwamandla, ngokuvamile angabi ngaphezu kwe-10 hp. Kusebenza kahle kakhulu ukusebenzisa izinduku zokuxhuma ezimfushane; lokhu kunikeza ukwanda okukhulu kwevolumu yenjini, futhi, ngokufanele, kutholwa amandla amaningi. Lolu khetho luphumelela kakhulu, kodwa luza ngezindleko zokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
SHINTSHA
Enye yezindlela ezithandwayo zokushuna i-SWAP, okungukuthi, ukushintshwa kwenjini okuphelele. Eqinisweni, ukuguqulwa okunjalo kuyinkimbinkimbi ngesidingo sokukhetha injini ehambisana nezikhwebu, kanye nokulinganisa amayunithi athile enjini. Ngokuvamile izinketho ezinamandla kakhulu zifakiwe.
Eqinisweni, umsebenzi onjalo cishe awenziwa ku-Chevrolet Cruze, isizathu - inani elincane lamayunithi amandla afanelekayo. Ngokuvamile, kufakwa i-z20let noma i-2.3 V5 AGZ. Lezi zinjini azidingi ukuguqulwa, kodwa zinamandla futhi zithembekile.
Ukulungiswa okudume kakhulu
Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokungananazi ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo yale moto eyayihamba phambili. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Okokuqala, ngezikhathi ezithile, izinguquko ezithile kuphela zanikezwa emakethe, kanti ezinye azizange zikhiqizwe. Ngokwemvelo, abantu bathatha lokho abathengisi ababebanika kona.
Ngokuvamile, uma ubheka izibalo, imoto enenjini ye-F18D4 yayivame ukuthengwa (noma ufuna ukuyithenga). Ngokusho kwabaningi abathanda izimoto, kukhona isilinganiso esisebenza kahle kakhulu samandla nezinye imingcele, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kahle.
Yikuphi ukuguqulwa okufanele ukhethe
Uma ubheka ukwethembeka kwenjini, kungcono ukuthenga imoto enenjini engu-M13A. Yayidalelwe ama-SUV alula, futhi kunomkhawulo okhuphukile wokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, uma ungafuni ukuzihlupha ngokungasebenzi kahle okuncane, lokhu kuzoba yinketho engcono kakhulu.
I-F18D4 nayo ngezinye izikhathi iyanconywa. Kodwa, ifaneleka kakhulu emigwaqweni yezwe, ngenxa yamandla ayo amakhulu kanye nokuphendula kwe-throttle.
