BMW 5 series e60 izinjini
Okuqukethwe
Isizukulwane sesihlanu se-5 Series BMW yakhululwa ngo-2003. Imoto iyi-4-door business class sedan. Umzimba waqanjwa ngokuthi E 60. Imodeli ikhishwe njengempendulo kumbangi wayo oyinhloko - ngonyaka odlule, uMercedes wethule i-E-class sedan W 211 entsha emphakathini.
Ukubonakala kwemoto kwakuhlukile kubameleli bendabuko bomkhiqizo. Umklamo wasungulwa nguChristopher Bangle no-Adrian Van Hooijdonk. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo, imodeli yathola imigqa ecacile kanye nezimo eziguqukayo - ingaphambili eliyindilinga, ihood eqoshiwe kanye nezibani ezinwetshiwe ezincane zaba uphawu lwalolu chungechunge. Kanye nengaphandle, ingaphakathi lemoto nalo selishintshile. Imodeli ibifakwe amayunithi kagesi amasha kanye nemishini kagesi elawula cishe zonke izindlela.
Le moto ibikhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2003. Ithathe indawo eyandulelayo emgqeni womhlangano - imodeli yochungechunge lwe-E 39, eyakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1995 futhi ibhekwa njengenye yentuthuko ephumelela kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwaqedwa ngo-2010 - i-E 60 yathathelwa indawo imoto entsha enomzimba we-F 10.
Ukukhiqizwa komhlangano omkhulu wawusenkabeni yesifunda sesifunda saseBavaria - iDingolfing. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umhlangano wenziwa kwamanye amazwe angu-8 - iMexico, i-Indonesia, iRussia, iChina, i-Egypt, iMalaysia, iChina neThailand.
Amamodeli we-Powertrain
Phakathi nobukhona bemodeli, izinjini ezihlukahlukene zafakwa kuwo. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda ulwazi, uhlu lwabo, kanye nezici zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko, kufingqiwe kuthebula:
| Injini | I-N43B20OL | I-N47D20 | I-N53B25UL | I-N52B25OL | I-M57D30 | I-N53B30UL | I-N54B30 | I-N62B40 | I-N62B48 |
| Uchungechunge lwamamodeli | I-520i | 520d | I-523i | I-525i | I-525d, i-530d | I-530i | I-535i | I-540i | I-550i |
| Ivolumu, ama-cubic metres cm. | 1995 | 1995 | 2497 | 2497 | 2993 | 2996 | 2979 | 4000 | 4799 |
| Amandla, hp kusuka. | 170 | 177-184 | 190 | 218 | 197-355 | 218 | 306-340 | 306 | 355-367 |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | Injini ye-diesel | I-petroli | I-petroli | Injini ye-diesel | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa okumaphakathi | 8,0 | 4,9/5,6 | 7,9 | 9,2 | 6.9-9 | 8,1 | 9,9/10,4 | 11,2 | 10,7-13,5 |
Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi engu-M 54 ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile. Iyiyunithi yomugqa wamasilinda ayisithupha.
I-cylinder block, kanye nekhanda layo, yenziwe nge-aluminium alloy. Ama-liners enziwe nge-grey cast iron futhi acindezelwa ngaphakathi kwamasilinda. Inzuzo engenakuphikwa ukuba khona kobukhulu bokukhanda - lokhu kwandisa ukugcinwa kweyunithi. Iqembu le-piston lishayelwa yi-crankshaft eyodwa. Uhlelo lokusabalalisa igesi luqukethe ama-camshaft amabili kanye neketanga, okwandisa ukuthembeka kwalo.
Naphezu kokuthi i-M 54 ibhekwa njengenjini ephumelela kakhulu, ukwephulwa kwezimo zokusebenza kanye nezikhathi zokulondoloza kungabangela izinkinga eziningi kumnikazi. Isibonelo, uma kwenzeka ukushisa ngokweqile, kunamathuba aphezulu okunamathela kwekhanda le-cylinder bolts kanye namaphutha avela ekhanda ngokwalo. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu yilezi:
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yokufaka umoya we-crankcase ehlukile;
- Ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokusabalalisa igesi;
- Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha;
- Ukubonakala kwemifantu endlini ye-thermostat yepulasitiki.
I-M 54 yafakwa esizukulwaneni sesihlanu kwaze kwaba ngu-2005. Yathathelwa indawo injini ye-N43 series.
Manje ake sibheke amayunithi kagesi asakazeke kakhulu.
I-N43B20OL
Izinjini zomndeni wakwa-N43 zingamayunithi angu-4-cylinder anamakhamera amabili asebenza ohlelweni lwe-DOHC. Kunamavalvu amane isilinda. Umjovo kaphethiloli wenze ukuguqulwa okukhulu - ukunikezwa kwamandla kuhlelwe ngokuvumelana nesistimu ye-HPI - injini ifakwe ama-injection asebenza ku-hydraulic control. Lo mklamo uqinisekisa ukushiswa kahle kukaphethiloli.
Izinkinga zale njini azihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zomndeni wakwa-N43:
- Impilo yesevisi emfushane yephampu yevacuum. Iqala ukuvuza ngemuva kwe-50-80 km. mileage, okuwuphawu lokushintshwa okuseduze.
- Isivinini esintantayo nokusebenza okungazinzile ngokuvamile kubonisa ukwehluleka kwekhoyili yokuthungela.
- Ukwenyuka kwamazinga okudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kungase kube ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemibhobho. Kulesi simo, ungazama ukuxazulula inkinga ngokushayela.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kwenjini futhi usebenzise kuphela uphethiloli wezinga eliphezulu nezinto zokugcoba. Ukuhambisana nesikhawu sesevisi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye eziyisipele ezinophawu, kuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza isikhathi eside kwenjini ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu.
Lezi zinjini zifakwe kwi-BMW 520 i model kusukela ngo-2007. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amandla iyunithi amandla ahlala efanayo - 170 hp. Nge.
I-N47D20
Kufakwe ekuguquleni udizili okungabizi kakhulu futhi ukonga kochungechunge - 520d. Iqale ukufakwa ngemuva kokulungiswa kabusha kwemodeli ngo-2007. Eyandulelayo iyunithi yochungechunge lwe-M 47.
Injini iyiyunithi ye-turbocharged enamandla angu-177 hp. Nge. Kunama-valve angu-16 ngamasilinda amane akulayini. Ngokungafani nowandulelayo, ibhulokhi lenziwe nge-aluminium futhi lifakwe imikhono yensimbi eyinsimbi. Isistimu yomjovo kaloliwe evamile enengcindezi yokusebenza efika ku-2200 enamajovo kagesi kanye ne-turbocharger iqinisekisa ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okunembe kakhulu.
Inkinga yenjini evame kakhulu ukwelula iketango lesikhathi. Ngokweqile, impilo yayo yesevisi ihambisana nempilo yesevisi yayo yonke ukufakwa, kodwa ekusebenzeni kuyodingeka ishintshwe ngemva kwe-100000 km. imayela Uphawu oluqinisekile lokukhandwa okuseduze umsindo ongaphandle kwenjini.
Inkinga evamile ngokulinganayo ukugqoka kwe-crankshaft damper, impilo yesevisi engu-90-100 km. imayela Ama-swirl flaps angabangela izinkinga eziningi. Ngokungafani nemodeli yangaphambilini, abakwazi ukungena enjini, kodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kuvela ungqimba lwe-soot. Lokhu kuwumphumela wokusebenza kwesistimu ye-USR. Abanye abanikazi bakhetha ukuwasusa futhi bafake amapulaki akhethekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iyunithi yokulawula ikhanya kabusha ukuze ivumelane nezimo zokusebenza ezishintshile.
Njengamanye amamodeli, injini ayikubekezeleli ukushisa ngokweqile. Kuholela ekwakhekeni kwemifantu phakathi kwamasilinda, acishe angenakulungiseka.
I-N53B25UL
Iyunithi yamandla ivela kumkhiqizi waseJalimane, owafakwa ezimotweni ezinomzimba we-523i E60 ngemuva kokulungiswa kabusha ngo-2007.
Le yunithi enamandla nethembekile ye-6-cylinder in-line yasungulwa ngesisekelo se-N52. Izici zobuntu injini:
- Kusuka kumanduleli wayo, izuze i-lightweight magnesium alloy block nezinye izingxenye;
- Izinguquko zithinte indlela yokusabalalisa igesi - isistimu ye-Double-VANOS yashintshwa;
- Abakhiqizi balahle uhlelo lokuphakamisa ama-valve e-Valvetronic;
- Kwasungulwa uhlelo lomjovo oqondile, olwenza ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa isilinganiso sokucindezela sibe ngu-12;
- Iyunithi yokulawula endala yathathelwa indawo i-Siemens MSD81.
Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kaphethiloli kanye nezinto zokugcoba kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kwenjini ngaphandle kokuphuka okukhulu. Iphampu yomjovo kaphethiloli nama-injector athathwa njengendawo ebuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa. Impilo yabo yesevisi akuvamile ukudlula i-100 km.
I-N52B25OL
Injini inguphethiloli osemgqeni wesithupha onamandla angu-218 hp. Nge. Iyunithi yavela ngo-2005 njengokungena esikhundleni sochungechunge lwe-M54B25. I-Magnesium-aluminium alloy yayisetshenziswa njengento eyinhloko ye-cylinder block. Ngaphezu kwalokho, induku yokuxhuma neqembu le-piston lenziwe ngezinto ezilula.
Inhloko ithole uhlelo lokushintsha izigaba zokusabalalisa kumashafu amabili - i-Double-VANOS. Iketango lensimbi lisetshenziswa njengokushayela. Isistimu ye-Valvetroni inesibopho sokulawula ukusebenza kwama-valve.
Inkinga enkulu yenjini ihlotshaniswa nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela wenjini. Kumamodeli wangaphambilini, imbangela kwakuyisimo esibi sesistimu yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase noma ukunyakaza okude ngesivinini esikhulu. Ku-N52, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela kuhlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwamasongo kawoyela amancane, aguga ngemuva kwe-70-80 km. imayela Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wokulungisa, ochwepheshe batusa ukufaka esikhundleni sezimpawu ze-valve stem. Azikho izinkinga ezinjalo ezibonwa ezinjinini ezakhiwe ngemuva kuka-2007.
I-M57D30
Injini kadizili enamandla kakhulu ochungechungeni. Ifakwe kwi-BMW 520d E60 kusukela ngo-2007. Amandla ezinjini zokuqala kwaba 177 hp. Nge. Kamuva, lesi sibalo senyuke ngamalitha angama-20. Nge.
Injini ingukuguqulwa kweyunithi ye-M 51. Ihlanganisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle kwezinkomba kanye nezici ezinhle zobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yalokhu, injini ithole inani elikhulu lemiklomelo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukufakwa kusebenzisa i-turbocharger ne-intercooler, kanye nesistimu yomjovo wesitimela enembile kakhulu. Iketanga lesikhathi elithembekile lingasebenza ngaphandle kokushintshwa kuyo yonke impilo yesevisi yenjini. Izinto ezihambayo zihambisana ngokuphelele, okwenza kube lula ukuqeda ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
I-N53B30UL
Le njini efisa ngokwemvelo ibisetshenziswa njengamandla e-BMW 530i kusukela ngo-2007. Ithathe indawo ye-N52B30 ngevolumu efanayo emakethe. Izinguquko zithinte ukunikezwa kwamandla - injini entsha inesistimu yokujova uphethiloli eqondile. Lesi sixazululo senze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwandisa ukusebenza kwenjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaklami bashiya uhlelo lokulawula i-valvetronic valve - lubonise imiphumela exubile, eyabangela ukugxekwa okuningi okuvela ekushicileleni okuhamba phambili kwezimoto. Izinguquko zithinte iqembu le-piston kanye neyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi. Ngenxa yezinguquko ezisetshenzisiwe, amazinga emvelo enjini anyukile.
Iyunithi ayinakho ukonakala okushiwo. Isimo esiyinhloko sokusebenza ukusebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela lesi sidingo kungase kubangele umonakalo omkhulu ohlelweni lwamandla.
I-N62B40/V48
Ulayini umelwe amayunithi amandla evolumu enkulu anezilinganiso zamandla ahlukahlukene. Injini eyandulela i-M 62.
Abamele umndeni izinjini zohlobo lwe-8-cylinder V.
Izinguquko eziphawulekayo zathinta impahla ye-cylinder block - i-silumin yaqala ukusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isisindo. Izinjini zifakwe i-Bosch DME control system.
Isici sesici salolu chungechunge ukwenqatshwa kwalo ukudluliswa kwesandla ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemishini kagesi. Lokhu kunciphisa impilo yenjini cishe ngesigamu.
Izinkinga eziyinhloko ziqala ukuvela eduze kwe-80 km. imayela Njengomthetho, zihlotshaniswa nokungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokusabalalisa igesi. Ububi buphinde buhlanganise impilo yekhoyili yokuthungela okuphansi kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela. Inkinga yokugcina ingaxazululwa ngokushintsha izimpawu zikawoyela.
Ngokuya ngezimo zokusebenza, impilo yesevisi yenjini ifinyelela ku-400000 km. imayela
Iyiphi injini engcono
Isizukulwane sesihlanu se-5 Series sinikeza abashayeli amandla ahlukahlukene - kusuka ku-4 kuya ku-8-cylinders. Ukukhethwa kokugcina kwenjini kuncike ekuthandeni nasekukhethweni komshayeli.
Ama-Motor omndeni wakwa-M "M" angohlobo oludala, nakuba engekho ngaphansi ekuthembekeni namandla ezinguqulweni zakamuva ngomjovo oqondile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayifuni kangako izinga likaphethiloli nezinto zokugcoba.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyini umndeni wenjini, izinkinga eziyinhloko zihlobene nokunwetshwa kwamaketanga kanye nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi manje inkinga enkulu ukuthola isifanekiso esigcinwe kahle ngokusebenza ngokucophelela.
