Injini ye-VAZ-21011
Okuqukethwe
Abaqambi be-AvtoVAZ bakwazile ukuthuthukisa injini ye-VAZ-2101. Iyunithi yamandla entsha yahlukaniswa ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe futhi yadingeka kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa neyandulelayo.
Incazelo
Inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-injini ye-"penny" edumile yathola inkomba ye-VAZ-21011. Idalwe ngo-1974. Yakhiqizwa kuze kube ngu-2006 ngokukhathazeka kwe-AvtoVAZ edolobheni laseTogliatti.
Injini entsha ibonise amandla angeziwe kanye nokuphendula okuthuthukisiwe kwe-throttle ngenxa yokwanda kwamavolumu ekamelo elivuthayo kanye ne-torque ekhulayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli yesisekelo, kunomehluko engxenyeni yomshini yeyunithi nokunamathiselwe.
Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ye-VAZ-21011 iyinjini ye-carburetor ene-cylinder aspirated enevolumu engu-1,3 amalitha namandla angu-69 hp. nge-torque engu-94 Nm.
Kufakwe ezimotweni ze-Lada:
- 2101 (1974-1988);
- 2102 (1974-1986);
- 2103 (1974-1984);
- 2106 (1979-1994).
I-cylinder block yahlala iyinsimbi eyinsimbi, kodwa izinguquko kuyo ziyamangalisa kakhulu. Ngokuphathelene nobukhulu, yaba phansi futhi yaba banzi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ububanzi bamasilinda bunyuswe baba ngu-79 mm. On Vaz-2101 kwaba 76 mm.
Ikhanda lebhulokhi yi-aluminium. Phezulu kune-camshaft nama-valve ayisishiyagalombili, amabili isilinda. Iziphakamisi ze-hydraulic azinikeziwe. Ukukhishwa kwe-thermal yama-valve kufanele kulungiswe ngesandla ngamantongomane kusetshenziswa i-feeler gauge. Imvamisa yokulungisa ingemuva kwe-15 km.
Amapiston e-aluminium anezindandatho ezintathu. Ukucindezelwa okuphezulu okubili, isikhihli sikawoyela esisodwa esiphansi. Ukuze unciphise ukungqubuzana, iziketi ziboshwe nge-anti-friction coating (tin).
Isistimu yokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli isishintshile. Ku-VAZ-21011, umenzi waqala ukufaka i-ozone carburetor (ku-VAZ-2101 - Solex).
Lokhu okusha kube nomthelela omuhle ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwenjini. Injini yakhelwe ukusebenzisa uphethiloli ngesilinganiso se-octane okungenani esingu-92.
Idrayivu yesikhathi isebenzisa iketango elinemigqa emibili. Uma iphuka, kunengozi yokugoba ama-valve.
Isistimu yokupholisa ihlale ijwayelekile. Izinguquko zithinte idrayivu yabalandeli. Manje isiphenduke ugesi.
Okunye Vaz-21011 uphinda owandulelayo.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ" |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 1974 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1294 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 69 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 94 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 8.8 |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 79 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 66 |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 2 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | uchungechunge |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | akukho |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 3.75 |
| Amafutha afakwe | 5W-30, 10W-40 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | 0.7 |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | carburetor |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-93 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 2 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 125 |
| Isisindo kg | 114 |
| Indawo: | i-longitudinal |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 120 * |
* ngaphandle kokunciphisa izinsiza 80 l. Nge
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Injini ye-VAZ-21011 isizibonakalise njengeyunithi enokwethenjelwa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngokugculisayo ukuthi sekwande kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemodeli eyisisekelo.
Ukuthembeka kungahlulelwa ngokuklama kwe-motor - elula, ethembekile kakhulu. Futhi ubulula be-VAZ-21011 buvele budlule. Injini iqukethe ubuncane obudingekayo bama-node ekusebenzeni kwayo.
Abanikazi bezimoto ezinkundleni zokuxhumana nabo bakhuluma kahle ngenjini. Isibonelo, i-hc007 iyabhala: "... Kukhona idivayisi enjalo esebenzayo, iminyaka engu-84 ubudala. Ngokuvamile, azikho izikhalazo. Futhi bavelaphi uma imoto isicishe ibe neminyaka engama-30 ubudala. Ukugibela, kuyaqala futhi kulungile." yesstonec ivumelana naye ngokugcwele: “… Ngiphinde ngithanda ukwethembeka. Kuze kube manje - wahlala phansi wahamba. Vele uhlele kabusha ibhethri, futhi imoto isemsebenzini wakho".
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, kufanele kwengezwe ukuthi i-VAZ-21011 inomkhawulo ophezulu wokuphepha. Lapho ulungisa injini, ukufaka i-turbine kukuvumela ukuthi ususe kuze kufike ku-200 hp kuyo. Nge. Yiqiniso, isikhathi esifushane.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Amaphuzu amaningi abuthakathaka adluliselwe enjini kusukela kumodeli yesisekelo.
Abanikazi bezimoto abaningi bamane bathuke ngenxa yokusebenza phezulu kwenjini. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zalokhu kuziphatha kwe-ICE. Okokuqala, uchungechunge lwezikhathi aluthuli. Okwesibili, ukucaciswa kwama-valve okungalungiswanga nakho kudala umsindo omkhulu. Futhi okwesithathu, umsindo wamakhamera we-camshaft athuthukisiwe ubhekwa njengoyingozi kakhulu.
I-thermostat embi ingabangela injini ukuthi ishise ngokweqile. Ukuqapha njalo izinga lokushisa kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kuzokwenqabela ukuba khona kwenkathazo enjalo.
Isivinini senjini entantayo. Lapha, okokuqala, kufanele unake isimo carburetor. Amajethi avaliwe, isikrini sokuhlunga kanye nevalve yokuntanta evuzayo kunomthelela oqondile kakhulu ekuzinzeni kwe-rpm.
Ukukhathazeka ezimweni eziningi kubangelwa ama-spark plugs. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola isimo sezintambo ezinama-voltage aphezulu, umthengisi kanye nesembozo se-breaker-distributor (umsabalalisi).
Amaphuzu asele abuthakathaka awabalulekile, aqedwa kalula ezimweni zegaraji (ukuvuza kwamafutha ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zesembozo sekhanda le-cylinder noma i-crankcase pan).
Ukulondolozeka
Ukugcinwa kweyunithi kuphezulu. I-cast-iron block ihlinzeka ngokulungiswa okugcwele kwenjini.
Ubulula bedivayisi nokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele kukuvumela ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wokukhanda uwedwa, ngaphandle kokufuna usizo oluvela kusevisi yemoto.
Lapho ubuyisela injini, kufanele usebenzise izingxenye zangempela nezingxenye. Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa ama-analogues, ngoba kulula ukuthola inkohliso eqondile. Ikakhulukazi Chinese eyenziwe.
Esimeni esiphuthumayo, ungacabangela ukuthenga injini yenkontileka. Izindleko zama-motor anjalo zincike ekucushweni nonyaka wokukhiqiza, ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-5000.
Ukuhlwaya
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwandisa amandla enjini. Okwamukeleka kakhulu kungaba i-swap motor evela ku-Niva. Umthamo 1,7 amalitha, 80 amalitha. Nge. futhi ukushintshwa okuncane kuzongeza amalitha angama-30-40. Nge. Ku-Zhiguli wesigaba "sakudala", amandla angaphezulu kokuhle.
Kodwa uma lokhu akwanele, ungasebenzisa injini "Priora" (1,6 amalitha, 98 hp). Ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini enjalo kuhlanganisa ukufaka esikhundleni sesamukeli necamshaft, ukupholisha amashaneli ekhanda lesilinda, nokushintsha i-exhaust egeleza ngokuqondile. Uma ungeza i-chip tuning lapha, khona-ke i-120 hp ingasuswa enjinini. Nge.
Ukufaka i-compressor ku-VAZ-21011 kunikeza kufika ku-100 hp. s, futhi esimweni sokusebenzisa injini evela ku-Niva - kufika ku-150 amalitha. Nge.
Imishini ye-turbine ikuvumela ukuthi ususe i-200 hp enjinini. Nge.
Isikhumbuzi kulabo abanquma ukushuna injini. Noma yikuphi ukwenyuka kwamandla kuthinta kabi insiza.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-VAZ-21011 "inamandla" kunamanduleli wayo, ukuhleleka kubukela phansi kakhulu zonke izici zobuchwepheshe nezokusebenza (ngaphandle kwamandla). Futhi ngokuqhubekayo. Ukushuna okuhle kubiza imali enhle.
Ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabangela ngokucophelela ukuthi kufaneleka yini ukuphazamisa ukuklama kwenjini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuletha ukulungiswa eduze kakhulu, noma ukushiya konke njengoba kunjalo.
Injini ye-VAZ-21011 ilula futhi inokwethenjelwa ngokulungiswa kwayo okufika ngesikhathi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu. Imelana nokulungiswa okuningana, ngenxa yokuthi isasebenza ngempumelelo kumamodeli ahlukahlukene e-VAZ.
