Injini yeToyota 1HZ: konke odinga ukukwazi

I-1HZ iletha ukwethembeka nokwethembeka kwansuku zonke, kanye nokusebenza kahle okuhloniphekile nokonga kukaphethiloli.

Izinjini zikadizili ezine-Turbocharged bezilokhu zisetshenziswa kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulunyaka elidlule, kodwa ayikho imoto emgwaqeni kulezi zinsuku engafakelwe i-turbocharger ukuze ikhulise amandla nokusebenza kahle. 

Kodwa bekungenjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi, kanti injini kadizili eyiToyota 1HZ efisa ngokwemvelo kuLandcruiser kufanele ithathwe njengenkosana yodizili abasafufusa. 

Ilungu leqembu lenjini yeToyota HZ, 1 ku-1HZ likhombisa ukuthi liyilungu lomndeni wesizukulwane sokuqala.

Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi iToyota 1HZ udizili ikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi we-turbodiesel encane, izoqhubeka nokwenza lokho okungenani amamayela ayisigamu sesigidi, kanti abanye abasebenzisa udizili babika amamayela ayisigidi ngaphambi kokuba kudingeke umsebenzi omkhulu. 

Engeza kulokho kwethembeka okuhle kakhulu kwansuku zonke, ukusebenza kahle okuhloniphekile nokonga kukaphethiloli, futhi ungabona ukuthi kungani i-1HZ, nakuba ingeyona i-sprinter, ibe intandokazi kubavakashi bamabanga amade nabakude. 

Noma yikuphi ukubuyekezwa kwenjini engu-1HZ kuzohlale kuveza ukuthi lena injini yempilo ende engeke yehluleke ngokushesha. Mhlawumbe okubi kakhulu uphethiloli ongu-1HZ, ozosuka ku-11 kuye ku-13 wamalitha ngebanga lika-100km.

Lena emotweni evamile ejubaneni lomgwaqo omkhulu futhi izophakama ngokuphindwe kabili uma idonswa. Isalele ngemuva ezimotweni zesimanje ezingama-double cab, kodwa ayikubi ngokwezinga eligcwele elingu-XNUMXWD.

Izici zenjini engu-1HZ enempandla azivezi ngempela izimfihlo zayo. Kunalokho, inhlanganisela yezinto zekhwalithi, ubuciko obucophelelayo, kanye nomklamo oyisisekelo oqinile owenze i-1HZ yaba idivayisi ehlonishwa kangaka. 

Iqala nge-cast iron block kanye ne-cylinder head (evame kakhulu ezinjinini zikadizili nanamuhla). Injini engu-4.2HZ enevolumu engu-4164 amalitha (ngokunembile, 1 cc) ine-bore kanye ne-piston stroke engu-94 mm no-100 mm. 

I-crank igijima ngama-bearings ayisikhombisa. Injini iyinjini enamasilinda ayisithupha emgqeni ene-camshaft eyodwa engaphezulu (eshayelwa ibhande lenjoloba elinamazinyo) namavalvu amabili isilinda.

Injini engu-4.2 litre inline six-cylinder ikhiqiza amandla angu-96 kW/285 Nm. (Ikhredithi yesithombe: Wikimedia Commons)

I-1HZ isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bomjovo ongaqondile futhi inesilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-22.4:1. Amandla okubangwa ngawo angu-96 kW ku-3800 rpm kanye no-285 Nm ku-2200 rpm. 

I-1HZ injector pump diagram izophinde ikhombise ukuthi injini isebenzisa umjovo wesikole sakudala hhayi ubuchwepheshe obusha obujwayelekile bukadizili. 

Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi yensimbi kusho ukuthi inamandla, kodwa isisindo semoto engu-1HZ singama-300kg. Umthamo kawoyela wenjini engu-1HZ ungamalitha angu-9.6 uma ugcwele owomile.

E-Australia, i-1HZ yayithandwa kakhulu ochungechungeni lwama-80, eyethulwa ngo-1990 futhi kamuva yathathwa njengeyedlula zonke i-LandCruiser Toyota eyake yenziwa (uchungechunge olusha lwama-300 belusazozibonakalisa ngokwaleso sihloko). 

Itholakala kuma-series angu-80, i-1HZ idayiswe kanye nezinhlobo ze-petrol six-cylinder kanye ne-1HDT turbodiesel zemoto efanayo, futhi lokhu kwaqhubeka nge-series entsha engu-100 eyenza i-1HZ ixhunywe kuhlobo oluyisisekelo oluhlukile (ngokwezobuchwepheshe i-105 series). 

Ngokubukeka kwakudala namandla amaningi angaphandle komgwaqo, akumangazi ukuthi ama-80 ahlala ethandwa kakhulu. (Ikhredithi yesithombe: Tom White)

Lokhu kwaqhubeka kule moto kwaze kwaba ngu-2007, lapho kwavela uchungechunge lwama-200. 

Emzileni ohamba phambili, iToyota 1HZ yabonakala kwi-75 Series neTroop Carrier ngo-1990 futhi yadayiswa kwaze kwaba ngu-2007 lapho igcine isishintshiwe ngezinhlobo ze-turbodiesel. Udizili we-1HZ ubuye wasetshenziswa kwamanye amabhasi akwaToyota Coaster.

Okubalulekile ukuthi, ukuze uthole i-1HZ kuToyota yakho entsha, bekufanele uthenge i-LandCruiser egcwele usayizi, njengoba iPrado ayizange iyithole leyo njini. 

Ngeke uyithole iLandCruiser 1HZ enomshini ozishintshayo; uma bekuyinjini engu-1HZ, ukuyishintsha mathupha bekukuwe.

Zimbalwa ngempela izinkinga ngenjini engu-1HZ. Ngaphandle kwezimo ezimbalwa zamakhanda ezisilinda aqhephukile endaweni yokusha, izindaba zinhle. 

I-1HZ cylinder head gaskets ayinankinga inqobo nje uma injini ingakashisi ngokweqile, kanti nebhande letiming 1HZ alibonakali linenkinga uma lishintshwa njalo ngemuva kuka-100,000 XNUMX km. 

Uchungechunge lwama-75 luthole isistimu yetoho enekesi lokudlulisa elihlinzeka ngamasethi amabili ahlukene wezilinganiso zamagiya.

Umqondo ojwayelekile ubeka ukuthi iphampu kaphethiloli engu-1HZ izodinga ukunakwa ngemuva kwebanga elingamakhilomitha angama-400,000, futhi abanikazi abaningi banquma ukwakha kabusha ikhanda lesilinda ngesikhathi esifanayo. 

Okunye ukunakekelwa kulula, nakuba indawo ye-thermostat engu-1HZ ohlangothini olungezansi lwebhulokhi yenza kube nzima ukufinyelela ngaphandle kokukhipha i-alternator.

Vele, akukho okuhlala phakade, futhi lapho i-1HZ igcina isigugile, abanikazi abaningi bavele banqume ukuthenga i-1HZ esetshenzisiwe enamamayela amancane futhi bayihwebe. 

Uhlu lwenjini engu-1HZ kuleli cala ludumile, kodwa abanye abanikazi bakhetha ukwakha kabusha injini asebenayo. 

Ikhithi yokwakha kabusha engu-1HZ ehlanganisa izindandatho, ama-bearings kanye nama-gaskets angathengwa ngemali elinganiselwa ku-$1500, kodwa uma ufuna ukwakha injini efakwe i-turbocharged zilungiselele ukusebenzisa cishe okuphindwe kabili kwekhithi ezofaka phakathi amaphistoni acindezelayo aphansi. 

Uchungechunge lwe-105 lube ngezindlela eziningi ukuqhubeka kochungechunge lwama-80.

Kudinga futhi umsebenzi omningi uma ungawenzi umsebenzi ngokwakho kodwa ucabangela ukukala kanye nomshini wodonga olukhona lwe-crankshaft kanye ne-cylinder.

Injini enhle, esetshenziswayo esebenzayo ingatholwa ngezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamadola, kuyilapho amayunithi akhelwe kabusha ngokugcwele (anamandla e-turbo) angatholwa ngo-$5000 kuya ku-$10,000 nangaphezulu uma ufuna okuthile okukhohlisayo ngempela. 

Amayunithi enziwe kabusha atholakala kabanzi ezinkampanini ezisebenza ngokukhethekile kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa usazodinga ukunikeza injini eyinhloko eshintshayo.

Mhlawumbe ukuqhathanisa okuvame kakhulu abantu abakwenzayo yingxoxo endala ye-1HZ vs 1HDT, njengoba i-1HDT ithengiswa eduze kwe-1HZ ezimotweni ezingu-80 neziyi-100, kodwa kulezi zinsuku yenza imali eningi kakhulu njengomnikelo osetshenzisiwe. 

Kungani? Kungenxa yokuthi i-1HDT iyinjini kadizili ene-turbocharged futhi ngenxa yalokho inamandla amaningi netorque (151kW/430Nm esikhundleni sika-96kW/285Nm). 

Buza noma yimuphi umlandeli weToyota LandCruiser futhi bazokwazi ukuthi iyini injini ye-1HD FTE. Bangase babe nomdwebo wekhodi yenjini!

Lokhu kunikeza injini ye-turbocharged inzuzo enkulu yokusebenza emgwaqeni, kodwa ngaphandle komgwaqo, lapho abasebenzisi abakhuthele bebusa, ubulula nokuthembeka kwe-1HZ (kanye nokungabikho okuphelele kwama-electronics) kuhlala kuyinjini yokuzikhethela kwabanye.

Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, kukhona omunye umehluko, okuhlanganisa neqiniso lokuthi izijovo ze-1HZ zisebenza egumbini lokusha ngaphambi kwesikhathi (okwenza i-1HZ ibe injini yomjovo engaqondile), kuyilapho i-1HDT iwumklamo oqondile womjovo lapho ukusha kuqala khona ngaphakathi. 

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu (phakathi kwezinye izinto) amakhanda e-cylinder ezinjini ezimbili azishintsheki, futhi isilinganiso sokuminyanisa esihlukile senjini ye-turbocharged sisho ukuthi izingxenye ezingezansi nazo azihambisani.

Noma iToyota ingakaze inikeze injini ye-turbo engu-1HZ, ikhithi ye-turbo engu-1HZ yanikezwa ngemuva kwemakethe ngalokho. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ezinye zazo ziklanywe kangcono kunezinye, kodwa kunoma yikuphi, abanikazi bezinjini ze-turbo ze-1HZ ngokuvamile bafaka i-pyrometer (ukuqapha ukushisa kwegesi ephumayo futhi babonise ukuthi injini isebenza kanzima kangakanani) futhi iqaphe ngokucophelela ukufundwa kwalokhu. inzwa. inaliti.

Izixazululo ezidumile ze-turbocharger aftermarket eminyakeni edlule zifaka i-Safari Turbo 1HZ, i-AXT Turbo 1HZ ne-Denco Turbo 1HZ kits. 

I-1HDT yathengiswa eduze kwe-1HZ ezimotweni ezingu-80 neziyi-100. (Ikhredithi yesithombe: Tom White)

Izisekelo zekhithi ngayinye zazifana; i-1HZ turbo manifold, ibhulokhi ye-turbocharger ngokwayo kanye namapayipi adingekayo ukuze uyixhume yonke. 

Ngokungeziwe kumakhithi e-turbo ayisisekelo, amashuna amaningi atusa isinxephezelo esikhuthazayo futhi, ngokusebenza okuphezulu, i-intercooler. 

Nokho, esimweni ngasinye umgomo wawufana; ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokushayela kanye nokusheshisa, ikakhulukazi uma udonsa. Ikhithi ye-turbo eyisisekelo ibiza phakathi kuka-$3000 no-$5000 kanye nokufakwa.

Okwamanje, abanikazi abajabulela ubulula be-1HZ bazama ukuqhela ekushajini kwe-turbo futhi esikhundleni salokho basebenzise izindlela zendabuko zokukhulisa amandla enjini. 

Kulaba banikazi, i-turbo ehamba phambili ye-1HZ yayingeyona i-turbo nhlobo. Uma ungadingi ukusheshisa okwengeziwe, lokhu futhi kuwukuphikisana okuvumelekile. 

Ezimweni eziningi, abanikazi baphendukela ekujikeni okuvamile kanye nokufakwa kwe-exhaust yekhwalithi, okuhlanganisa izikhipha i-1HZ kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya eqondile (imvamisa engu-3.0-intshi), ukuze bathole ababekudinga.