Olunye uhlangothi lokusika. Isistimu yokuvala isilinda
Abasebenzisi bezimoto bafuna izimoto zabo zidle uphethiloli omncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bezimoto kufanele bahlangabezane nalokhu okulindelekile, ikakhulukazi ngokunikeza izixazululo ezintsha zokunciphisa ukuvutha.
Ukwehliswa kwezinjini sekuneminyaka eminingi kuthola udumo embonini yenjini. Sikhuluma ngokunciphisa amandla ezinjini nokwandisa amandla abo ngesikhathi esifanayo, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa isimiso: kusukela emandleni aphansi kuya emandleni aphezulu. Kwani? Kungenxa yokuthi kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi kumagesi okukhipha umoya. Kuze kube muva nje, bekungelula ukulinganisa usayizi wenjini encane nokukhuphuka kwamandla. Kodwa-ke, ngokusabalala komjovo kaphethiloli oqondile, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komklamo we-turbocharger kanye nesikhathi se-valve, ukwehlisa sekuyinto evamile.
Izinjini zokwehlisa zinikezwa abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto abakhulu. Abanye baze bazama ukunciphisa inani lamasilinda kuwo, okuhunyushwa ekusetshenzisweni okuphansi kukaphethiloli.
Kodwa kunobunye ubuchwepheshe besimanje obunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Lokhu, isibonelo, umsebenzi wokuvala isilinda owawusetshenziswa kwenye yezinjini ze-Skoda. Lena yi-1.5 TSI 150 hp kaphethroli esetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni zeKaroq ne-Octavia, esebenzisa uhlelo lwe-ACT (Active Cylinder Technology). Ngokuya ngomthwalo wenjini, umsebenzi we-ACT uvala amasilinda amabili kwamane ukuze kwehliswe ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Amasilinda amabili ayavalwa lapho amandla enjini egcwele engadingeki, njengalapho uhamba endaweni yokupaka, lapho ushayela kancane, nalapho ushayela emgwaqeni ngesivinini esilinganiselwe esingaguquki.
Uhlelo lwe-ACT lwaluvele lusetshenziswa eminyakeni embalwa edlule enjinini engu-1.4 hp Skoda Octavia 150 TSI. Kwakuyinjini yokuqala enesixazululo esinjalo kulo modeli. Iphinde yathola indlela yayo kumamodeli weSuperb ne-Kodiaq. Izichibiyelo eziningi kanye noshintsho lwenziwe kuyunithi ye-1.5 TSI. Ngokusho komkhiqizi, ukushaywa kwamasilinda enjini entsha kwanda ngo-5,9 mm ngenkathi kugcinwa amandla afanayo angu-150 hp. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nenjini engu-1.4 TSI, iyunithi ye-1.5 TSI inokuguquguquka okwengeziwe kanye nokusabela okusheshayo ekuhambeni kwe-accelerator pedal. Lokhu kungenxa ye-turbocharger ene-variable blade geometry, elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu egesi ephumayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-intercooler, okungukuthi, isipholile somoya esicindezelwe yi-turbocharger, siklanywe ngendlela yokuthi sikwazi ukupholisa impahla ecindezelweyo ibe izinga lokushisa elingu-15 kuphela ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elikuzungezile. Lokhu kuzovumela umoya owengeziwe ukuba ungene ekamelweni elivuthayo, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungcono kwemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-intercooler ihanjiswe ngaphambi kwe-throttle.
Umfutho wokujova uphethiloli nawo unyusiwe usuka ku-200 waya ku-350 bar. Kunalokho, ukungqubuzana kwezinqubo zangaphakathi kwehlisiwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, i-crankshaft eyinhloko ethwele imbozwe ngesendlalelo se-polymer. Amasilinda wona anikezwe uhlaka olukhethekile lokunciphisa ukushwibeka uma injini ibanda.
Ngakho-ke, enjini ye-1.5 TSI ACT evela ku-Skoda, kwakungenzeka ukusebenzisa umqondo wokunciphisa, kodwa ngaphandle kwesidingo sokunciphisa ukufuduka kwayo. Lesi sitimela esinamandla sitholakala kwi-Skoda Octavia (i-limousine ne-station wagon) kanye ne-Skoda Karoq kuma-automatic transmissions nama-dual-clutch.
