Yiziphi izinjini ezifanele uwoyela wamaminerali?

Kunokuhlakanipha okujwayelekile kwezimoto: uwoyela wokwenziwa kufanele usetshenziselwe amakhilomitha ayi-100 emoto yokuqala, uwoyela we-semi-synthetic afinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-200, bese kuba uwoyela wamaminerali kuze kube yizicucu zensimbi. Ukulandela lo mthetho kungaletha imiphumela. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ufuna ukubulala imoto yakho... Esihlokweni sanamuhla, sizobheka izinganekwane zikawoyela wezimoto futhi siphakamise ukuthi yiziphi izimoto ezingasebenzisa uwoyela wamaminerali.

Ngikhuluma nje

Amafutha amaminerali abhekwa njengasephelelwe yisikhathi yimishini eminingi. Kodwa-ke, asebenza kahle kumayunithi amadala, aguge kakhulu, lapho izinto zokwenziwa ezinothe ekuhlanzeni izithasiselo zingakhipha ukungcola futhi zivule injini.

Amaminerali kanye namafutha okwenziwa - umehluko

Isisekelo sokwakhiwa kwanoma yimaphi amafutha enjini isisekelo samafutha... Sihlukanisa phakathi kokubili: amamineraliokuwumphumela wokucwenga uwoyela ongahluziwe, kanye zokwenziwa, adalwe kuma-laboratories ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali. Amafutha amaminerali enziwe ngamafutha esisekelo samaminerali, kuyilapho amafutha okwenziwa enziwa ngamafutha esisekelo sokwenziwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okokugcoba kwe-semi-synthetic kuyinhlanganisela yakho kokubili.

Uwoyela Zokwenziwa

I-Synthetics okwamanje ikuligi ephezulu yamafutha ezimoto. Inzuzo yabo ngaphezu kwamaminerali ihlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kwama-molecule ngamanye. Izinqubo ze-chemical synthesis, distillation, ukuhlanzwa kanye nokucebisa ngezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene zenza izinhlayiya zamafutha okwenziwa ziyafana ziyefana ngosayizi nangesimo. Ngenxa yalokho, bavala ngokunembile izingxenye zenjini futhi banciphise ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabo, bavikele iyunithi yokushayela ekugugeni. Ngoba zibopha umoya-mpilo kancane kancane uwoyela wokwenziwa umelana kakhulu ne-oxidation nokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zawo. Iphinde ibhekane kangcono namazinga okushisa adlulele - igcina ukumanzi phakathi kwesithwathwa kanye nesimo sezulu esishisayo.

Abakhiqizi bahlala bethuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bamafutha okwenziwa, bathuthukisa izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene zokucebisa, ukuhlanza nokusabalalisa. Emikhiqizweni yezinga eliphezulu izithasiselo zingafika ku-50% inani lokuthambisa. Ngenxa yabo, ama-synthetics esizukulwane esilandelayo anakekela amadrayivu ngokuphumelelayo, ukuwahlanza ekungcoleni, ukuwavikela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nokugqwala, futhi anciphise ukungqubuzana.

Amafutha amaminerali

Ama-molecule wamafutha amaminerali anezinhlobonhlobo - zifana nezimo zejometri ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, okusho ukuthi azimbozi ngokuphelele izingxenye ezihambayo zenjini. Ama-lubricant alolu hlobo angaphansi kwezinto zokwenziwa cishe kuzo zonke izici. Banezindawo ezimbi kakhulu zokugcoba nokuhlanza, futhi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu balahlekelwa ukuminyana kanye ne-viscosity.

Ingabe uwoyela wamaminerali wezimoto ezindala kuphela?

Impendulo emfushane ithi yebo. Omakhenikha nochwepheshe embonini ye-petrochemical bayavuma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha amaminerali kunengqondo ezimotweni ezindala kuphela: abadala nabancane kanye nalabo abakhiqizwa ngeminyaka yama-80s nasekuqaleni kwawo-90. Amayunithi amasha, asevele ahlanganisa izimoto kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-90s no-00s, ayimiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi kuphela ama-synthetics nama-semi-synthetics anganikeza izinga elifanele lokuvikela.

Kuyini ukungahambi kahle kwamafutha amaminerali, lapho ethela esiteshini samafutha omshini omdala kuba inzuzo. Lolu hlobo lwe-lubricant lunezindawo zokuhlanza ezimbi kakhulu, okwenza kube ayikugezi ukungcola okunqwabelene enjinini. Kungani sithi lokhu kuyinzuzo? Isikali, insila, namanye amadiphozithi adala idamu elivimbela ukuvuza kuyunithi yokushayela amakhilomitha amaningi. Ukuhlakazwa kwazo kungaba yinhlekelele - kungaholela ekuvuzeni nasekuvaleni kwalo lonke uhlelo lokuthambisa.

Kodwa-ke, lapho ukhetha uwoyela wenjini yemoto enjalo egugile kakhulu, kufanele uyinake okuqukethwe kwezinto zokuhlanza - izakhiwo zokuhlanza zamafutha zincike kubo, hhayi ngesisekelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo yamaminerali ingakwazi (ngokungaphezulu noma kancane kancane) ukukhipha ukungcola enjinini.

Inzuzo engenakuphikiswa yamafutha amaminerali nayo ingeyabo Intengo ephansi... Injini egugile "ingakwazi ukuphuza" amalitha kawoyela afika ku-2 kumakhilomitha ayi-1000, ngakho-ke idinga ukugcwaliswa kaningi. Kulokhu, ukukhetha amafutha amaminerali kungakusindisa imali eningi. Ikakhulukazi uma ucabanga ukuthi uma imoto indala, kubiza kakhulu ukuseviswa ... Ukucindezela ngakunye kwamashumi amaningana ama-zloty ukuze ugcwalise ibhalansi kusho ukonga.

Lapho ukhetha uwoyela wenjini, kufanele unamathele emthethweni owodwa: uwukhethe ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto kanye… umakhenikha. Uma uchwepheshe enquma ukuthi "i-lubricant" ehlukile ingathululelwa enjini kunaleyo esetshenziswe kuze kube manje, kufanelekile ukumethemba. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imanuwali yemoto iqukethe amaminerali noma amafutha okwenziwa, kufanelekile ukufinyelela imikhiqizo yemikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe efana ne-Elf, i-Castrol noma i-Motul. Uzothola ku-avtotachki.com.

Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nowoyela wezimoto kubhulogi yethu:

Ingabe kufanele ushintshe amafutha akho ngaphambi kobusika?

Kufanele usebenzise nini amafutha okwenziwa?

Ukuxuba amafutha enjini? Bheka ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani kahle!