Ukuvutha kwe-Detonation - kuyini?

Ingabe kukhona okungqongqozayo nokugedlezela ngaphansi kwesivalo semoto yakho ngenkathi isheshisa? Ungayithathi kalula le misindo efihlekile. Kungaba umsindo ongqongqozayo, ukudideka okukhulu okungadala umonakalo omkhulu wenjini. Kodwa lokhu kusho ukuthini ngempela? Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukugwema kanjani? Hlola!

Uzofundani kulokhu okuthunyelwe?

• Kuyini ukusha kwe-knock?
• Kungaba yini izizathu zokushiswa kwe-detonation?
• Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukungqongqoza?

TL, д-

I-knocking combustion isetshenziswa ezinjinini ze-piston, okungukuthi, ezinjinini zezimoto zethu. Sikhuluma ngalokhu lapho ingxube ye-fuel-air ingashi ngokuphelele ekamelweni elivuthayo, kodwa iqhuma ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma sekwephuzile kakhulu eduze kwamapulaki e-spark. Lokhu kudala i-knock chain reaction, ezwakala ngaphandle kwenjini njengomsindo okhencezayo. Izizathu zokungajwayelekile okunjalo zingaba ziningi: kusuka kumapulaki ezinhlansi aphukile kuya ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lenjini. Nokho, ngokuvamile kuba uphethiloli low-octane. Kunoma ikuphi, ukusha okungqongqozayo kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu wenjini.

Kuyini ukusha kwe-knock?

Inqubo yomlilo

Ukushiswa kwe-detonation, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-detonation, lokhu kuyindida eyingozi kakhulu yenqubo yokushiswa kwenjini... Ngokusha okufanele, ingxube kaphethiloli/yomoya ibaswa ngepulaki yenhlansi ngaphambi nje kokuphela kokucindezela. Ilangabi lisakazeka ngesivinini esingaguquki esingaba ngu-30-60 m / s ekamelweni elivuthayo, likhiqize inani elikhulu lamagesi okukhipha umoya. Ngenxa yalokho, ukwanda okukhulu kwengcindezi kubangela ukunyakaza okuhambisanayo kwepiston.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lapho ukuqhunyiswa kwenzeka, ingxube ithungela eduze kwepulaki yenhlansi, ecindezela inkokhiso esele ekamelweni elivuthayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwegumbi, kungazelelwe, ngaphezu kwe-1000 m / s, ukusha kwengxube kwenzeka - kwenzeka. ukusabela kwe-detonation chainukulayisha i-piston, induku yokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft kokubili ngokushisa kanye nangomshini. Lokhu kubangela umsindo ocwebezelayo ovela ngaphansi kwebhonethi njengoba umthamo wenjini ukhula.

Imiphumela yokushiswa kwe-detonation

Umphumela wokuqala futhi osobala kakhulu wokushiswa kwe-detonation ukuncipha kokusebenza kwenjini. Kodwa ekugcineni, umphumela wokushiswa kwe-detonation ungaholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu, njengokuthi ukushiswa kwama-pistons, ama-valve, ukulimala ekhanda ngisho nokucekelwa phansi kwezingxenye zesistimu yokwelapha igesi ephumayo.

Kungaba yini izizathu zokushiswa kwe-detonation?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokushiswa kwe-detonation: uphethiloli osezingeni eliphansi... Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ukuphakama kwenombolo ye-octane kaphethiloli, kuyancipha futhi kube bushelelezi ukuvutha kwawo. Inombolo ye-octane ephansi yenza inqubo yokuvutha ibe yisikhashana futhi ibe nodlame.

Esinye isizathu futhi isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela kusilinda... Izinjini ezinezinga eliphezulu lokuminyanisa kufanele zishiswe ngesilinganiso se-octane esiphezulu ukuze ukusha kungabi nzima kakhulu futhi kungadali ukunqwabelana kwengcindezi eyengeziwe.

Ukuthungela ekuseni kakhulu noma sekwephuze kakhulu futhi kuholela ekuthutheni kokuqhunyiswa. I-spark plug engasebenzi kahle ingakhanyisa ngaphambi kokuba isilinda sicindezeleke noma lapho ipiston yehliswa futhi uphethiloli ongashile usala ekamelweni. Ukuze uvimbele ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo esimweni esinjalo, kufanelekile futhi ukulungisa isikhathi sokuthungela, okufanele sibekwe cishe ngama-degree angu-10 ngemuva kwesikhungo se-piston top dead.

Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvutha okuzenzakalelayo nakho kungenzeka. ukushisa kwenjini.

Yini okufanele ngiyinakekele emotweni ukuze ngigweme imithelela?

Ifakwe enjinini ukuxilonga izinkinga zomlilo. knock izinzwa. Umsebenzi wenzwa enjalo ukuthola i-oscillations yenjini yemvamisa ethile, ekhombisa ukwephulwa kwenqubo yomlilo. Izimpawu ezithunyelwa inzwa zithathwa yiyunithi yokulawula futhi zicutshungulwe. Ikhompyutha esebhodini inquma ukuthi yisiphi isilinda esiqhumisa futhi ilungise isignali yokuthungela noma igcine ulwazi lwephutha kumemori yayo. Bese kuvela inkomba yokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini kudeshibhodi. Nokho, izifunda ezimfushane ngenxa yokugqwala noma izintambo ezilimele ziphazamisa ukusebenza kwenzwa. Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi ifakwe ngendlela engalungile uma kulungiswa injini. Inzwa yokushaya engalungile ithumela amasignali anephutha noma ayiwabhalisi nhlobo. Kulokhu, sekuyisikhathi sokuyishintsha ufake entsha.

Izindlela zansuku zonke ezifana ukusetshenziswa kwezibaseli ezisezingeni eliphezulu namafutha... Ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini njalo ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi kuzosiza ukugwema ukwakheka kwamadiphozithi ayingozi ezindongeni zenjini nama-spark plug. Njengoba kushiwo, azisebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile. Spark plugs kungabangela ukuthi ingxube ishe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma sekwephuze kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukuhlola isimo sabo ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi kulokhu, landela izincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto.

Ekugcineni, kuyadingeka nakekela uhlelo lokupholisa... Ukushisisa ngokweqile kwenjini, okungaba esinye sezimbangela zokuvutha komlilo, kungenzeka ngenxa yezinga lokupholisa eliphansi kakhulu ngenxa yesistimu evuzayo noma i-thermostat eyonakele. Amaphutha esistimu yokupholisa aholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zenjini futhi aziwa ngokuthi agwemeke kangcono kunokwelashwa.

Ukushaywa kwenjini kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwenjini. Njengezinye izinkinga eziningi zemoto, ukuze uzigweme, kufanele unakekele zonke izinhlelo nsuku zonke futhi imoto yakho ilungiswe njalo.

Khumbula ukuthi imoto ekwazi ukuseviswa kuphela ezokukhonza ngokwethembeka, futhi ukushayela kuyo kuyoba intokozo yangempela. Bheka izingxenye ezisezingeni eliphezulu, uketshezi nezimonyo ku-avtotachki.com!

Funda futhi:

Uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi - ungalimaza kanjani?

Imisindo evela ekhomishini yenjini. Angasho ukuthini?

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinjini zikaphethiloli. Yini evame ukwehluleka e "uphethiloli izimoto"?

Knockout, unsplash.com