Inzwa yesivinini se-Lanos

Ngaphambili, idrayivu yemishini, eyethulwe ngendlela yekhebula, yayisetshenziselwa ukukala isivinini semoto. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela inezinkinga eziningi, okuyinhloko okuyinkomba ephansi yokuthembeka. Imishini yokulinganisa isivinini ithathelwe indawo imishini kagesi. Yizinzwa zejubane zikagesi ezifakwe ezimotweni zakwaLanos okuzodingeka ukuthi zifakwe kabanzi ukuze kuqondwe ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, zikuphi nokuthi zishintshwa nini.

Iyini inzwa yesivinini ku-Lanos futhi ingeyani

Inzwa yesivinini ye-DSA emotweni iyi-actuator ekala isivinini semoto. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi zibuye zibizwe ngokuthi izinqumo zejubane. Izimoto zesimanje zifakelwe izinto zikagesi, okwenziwa yikhompiyutha yokulawula i-electronic unit.

Isigungu esiphezulu sidlulisa amasignali ngendlela efanele kukhompuyutha, okuvumela le yakamuva ukuthi inqume isivinini semoto. Ulwazi olutholwe yi-ECU ludluliselwa kudeshibhodi, okwenza umshayeli azi ukuthi uhamba ngesivinini esingakanani. Kudingeka ukwazi ijubane lemoto, hhayi kuphela ukuqeda amathuba okuhamba ngesivinini, kodwa futhi ukucacisa igiya okufanele uhambe ngalo.

Izinzwa zesivinini zohlobo lukagesi - yiziphi izinhlobo

Bonke abanikazi bezimoto ze-Lanos (kanye nabanikazi bezimoto ze-Sens ne-Chance) bayazi ukuthi inzwa yesivinini sikagesi isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni. Ukuthi isebenza kanjani akwaziwa abaningi. Isidingo sokuzijwayeza ngesimiso sokusebenza kwenzwa yesivinini siphakama lapho inaliti ye-speedometer iyeka ukubonisa izimpawu zokuphila. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokushesha ukuthi uma i-speedometer ingasebenzi, ukwehluleka kwenzwa kungenye yezizathu eziningi. Akunconywa ukushesha ukuthenga i-speedometer entsha ye-Lanos ngaphandle kokuhlola kuqala inzwa, njengoba isizathu singase sibe ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-speedometer noma ukulimala kwezintambo.

Ngaphambi kokuqonda isimiso sokusebenza kanye nedivayisi yenzwa yejubane likagesi eLanos, kufanele wazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi:

• Ukungeniswa noma ukungathinteki (hhayi ukuthintana nezinto ezizungezisayo): into enjalo iqukethe ikhoyili lapho amandla e-electromotive engeniswa khona. Ama-impulses kagesi akhiqizwayo asesimweni se-wave-like sinusoid. Ngokuvama kwama-pulses ngesikhathi seyunithi, isilawuli sinquma isivinini semoto.
  
  Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinzwa zejubane ezingathinteki azigcini nje ngokungenisa, kodwa futhi zisekelwe kumphumela weHholo. Umphumela weHholo usekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwama-semiconductors. I-voltage kagesi ivela lapho umqhubi ophethe amandla aqondile efakwa endaweni kazibuthe. Ukuze usebenzise uhlelo lwe-ABS (kuhlanganise ne-Lanos), kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okungewona othintana naye asebenza kumphumela weHholo)
• Xhumana - isisekelo sokusebenza kwamadivayisi anjalo umphumela weHholo. Ama-impulses kagesi akhiqizwayo anomumo ongunxande, anikezwa ikhompuyutha. Lawa ma-pulse adalwe kusetshenziswa i-slotted disk ezungeza phakathi kukazibuthe omile omile kanye ne-semiconductor. Kunezikhala eziyisi-6 ezifanayo kudiski, ngakho-ke ama-pulses ayakhiwa. Inombolo yama-pulses ngemitha eyi-1 ye-shaft revolution - ama-6 ama-pcs.
  
  Ukuphenduka okukodwa kwe-shaft kulingana nemitha elingu-1 lemayela lemoto. Kunama-pulses angu-1 ku-6000 km, ngakho-ke ibanga liyalinganiswa. Ukulinganisa imvamisa yala ma-pulses kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ijubane lemoto. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lilingana ngqo nejubane lemoto. Lena yindlela ama-DC amaningi asebenza ngayo. Amadivayisi anezikhala ezi-6 kuphela kudiski, kodwa futhi anenombolo ehlukile angasetshenziswa njengesisekelo. Amadivaysi okuxhumana acatshangelwe asetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izimoto zesimanje, kufaka phakathi iLanos

Ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi inzwa yejubane emotweni yeLanos, ungaqhubeka ucabangele umbuzo wokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwento okukhulunywa ngayo kuthinta ini.

Yini ethinta ukusebenza kwe-DS nokuthi kwenzekani uma ingasebenzi kahle

Inhloso eyisisekelo kakhulu yedivayisi okukhulunywa ngayo ukunquma isivinini semoto. Ukunemba kakhudlwana, kungosizo lwabo ukuthi umshayeli afunde isivinini ahamba ngaso emotweni ngesikhathi esihambisanayo. Lena inhloso eyinhloko yedivayisi, kodwa hhayi eyodwa kuphela. Ake sithole ukuthi yini ethinta impilo yenzwa okukhulunywa ngayo.

1. mayelana nesivinini semoto. Lolu lwazi aludingi nje kuphela ukuhambisana nemithetho yomgwaqo mayelana nesivinini esinqunyiwe, kodwa futhi ukuze umshayeli azi ukuthi yiliphi igiya okufanele ahambe ngalo. Abashayeli abanolwazi abayibheki i-speedometer uma bekhetha igiya, kuyilapho abaqalayo bekhetha igiya elifanele kuye ngesivinini semoto ngenkathi befunda esikoleni sokushayela.
2. Inani lebanga elihanjiwe. Kungenxa yale divayisi ukuthi i-odometer isebenza. Ama-odometers anomshini noma nge-elekthronikhi futhi aklanyelwe ukubonisa amanani webanga elihanjwe yimoto. Ama-odometer anezilinganiso ezimbili: nsuku zonke kanye nengqikithi
3. Ukusebenza kwenjini. Inzwa yesivinini ikuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi? Phela uma ingasebenzi kahle injini izosebenza futhi ikwazi ukuhambahamba ngemoto. Kuye ngesivinini semoto, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyashintsha. Uma ijubane liphakeme, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphezulu, okuqondakalayo. Phela ukuze kwenyuswe isivinini umshayeli ucindezela i-accelerator pedal, avule i-shock absorber. Ukuvulwa kwe-damper kukhudlwana, uphethiloli owengeziwe ujovwa ngama-injection, okusho ukuthi izinga lokugeleza liyakhula. Nokho, akukhona konke lokhu. Lapho imoto yehla umqansa, umshayeli ususa unyawo ku-accelerator pedal, ngaleyo ndlela avale i-throttle. KODWA NGEKE, ijubane lemoto ngesikhathi esifanayo liyakhuphuka ngenxa yamandla e-inertia. Ukugwema ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngesivinini esikhulu, i-ECU ibona imiyalo evela ku-TPS nenzwa yesivinini. Uma i-damper ivaliwe lapho ijubane likhuphuka kancane noma liyancipha, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi imoto iyashelela (ukubhuleka kwenjini kwenzeka lapho igiya libanjiwe). Ukuze ungachithi uphethiloli ngalesi sikhathi, i-ECU ithumela ama-pulses amafushane kuma-injection, okuvumela ukuthi igcine injini isebenza. Lapho ijubane lehla lifika ku-20 km / h, ukunikezwa okujwayelekile kwamafutha kumasilinda kuyaqala, uma i-valve ye-throttle ihlala endaweni evaliwe. I-ECU ibona imiyalo evela ku-TPS kanye nenzwa yesivinini. Uma i-damper ivaliwe lapho ijubane likhuphuka kancane noma liyancipha, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi imoto iyashelela (ukubhuleka kwenjini kwenzeka lapho igiya libanjiwe). Ukuze ungachithi uphethiloli ngalesi sikhathi, i-ECU ithumela ama-pulses amafushane kuma-injection, okuvumela ukuthi igcine injini isebenza. Lapho ijubane lehla lifika ku-20 km / h, ukunikezwa okujwayelekile kwamafutha kumasilinda kuyaqala, uma i-valve ye-throttle ihlala endaweni evaliwe. I-ECU ibona imiyalo evela ku-TPS kanye nenzwa yesivinini. Uma i-damper ivaliwe lapho ijubane likhuphuka kancane noma liyancipha, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi imoto iyashelela (ukubhuleka kwenjini kwenzeka lapho igiya libanjiwe). Ukuze ungachithi uphethiloli ngalesi sikhathi, i-ECU ithumela ama-pulses amafushane kuma-injection, okuvumela ukuthi igcine injini isebenza. Lapho ijubane lehla lifika ku-20 km / h, ukunikezwa okujwayelekile kwamafutha kumasilinda kuyaqala, uma i-valve ye-throttle ihlala endaweni evaliwe. Ukuze ungachithi uphethiloli ngalesi sikhathi, i-ECU ithumela ama-pulses amafushane kuma-injection, okuvumela ukuthi igcine injini isebenza. Lapho ijubane lehla lifika ku-20 km / h, ukunikezwa okujwayelekile kwamafutha kumasilinda kuyaqala, uma i-valve ye-throttle ihlala endaweni evaliwe. Ukuze ungachithi uphethiloli ngalesi sikhathi, i-ECU ithumela ama-pulses amafushane kuma-injection, okuvumela ukuthi igcine injini isebenza. Lapho ijubane lehla liye ku-20 km / h, ukunikezwa okujwayelekile kukaphethiloli kumasilinda kuyaqala futhi uma i-valve ye-throttle ihlala endaweni evaliwe.

Inzwa yejubane yemoto yesimanje idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Futhi nakuba imoto ingase iqhubeke nokuhamba ngokujwayelekile uma kwenzeka ihluleka, akukhuthazwa ukushayela idivayisi enjalo isikhathi eside.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ezimotweni ze-Lanos, kanye naku-Sens ne-Chance, i-speedometer ivame ukuba yimbangela yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-speedometer. Uma lolu hlobo lokungasebenzi lutholakala, imbangela yokuvela kwayo kufanele iqale ngokuqondile nge-DS.

Kudivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-DS ku-Lanos

Uzodinga ukwazi idivayisi kanye nomgomo wokusebenza kwenzwa yesivinini semoto yakho ukuze ukwazi ukuyilungisa. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka phambili, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi, kufanele kushintshwe. Abaningi bazama ukulungisa ngokwabo, isibonelo, ama-solder contact pads, ama-solder resistors nezinye izakhi ze-semiconductor, kodwa umkhuba ubonisa ukuthi kulokhu, i-DC ngeke ihlale isikhathi eside. Ukuze kungadingeki uyishintshe futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kungcono ukuthenga ngokushesha i-DS entsha ye-Lanos futhi uyifake.

Izinqumo zejubane azizona nje ezezinhlobo ezahlukene, kodwa futhi zinedizayini ehlukile. Ku-Chevrolet ne-DEU Lanos, oxhumana nabo bohlobo lwe-DS bafakiwe. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zibekwe kugearbox wezindlu bese zixhunywa ku-gearbox. Ukuze uqonde isimiso sokusebenza kwenzwa yesivinini e-Lanos, ake sithole idivayisi yayo. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa i-speedometer ye-Lanos.

Umbono okhulisiwe we-DS ku-Lanos uboniswa esithombeni esingezansi.

Isithombe sibonisa ukuthi ingxenye iqukethe izakhi ezilandelayo zesakhiwo:

1. Icala: ipulasitiki, ngaphakathi kwayo kukhona izingxenye
2. Umphini onezibuthe unomphela. Umazibuthe ushayelwa umphini. I-shaft ixhunywe kwi-clutch exhunywe egiyeni (ingxenye ibizwa ngokuthi i-gearbox). U-gearbox uhambisana namagiya ka-gearbox
3. Ibhodi elinesici se-semiconductor - Inzwa yehholo
4. Oxhumana nabo - ngokuvamile bathathu. Oxhumana naye wokuqala ukunikezwa kwamandla kwenzwa engu-12V, okwesibili isignali efundwa yi-ECU (5V), kanti eyesithathu iphansi.

Ukwazi idivayisi yemoto ye-Lanos DS, ungaqala ukucabangela isimiso sokusebenza kwayo. Umgomo ojwayelekile wokusebenza kwamadivayisi uchazwe ngenhla. Ukusebenza kwamadivayisi ezimotweni zeLanos kuhlukile ngoba kusetshenziswa uzibuthe ongunaphakade esikhundleni sepuleti. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola isimiso sokusebenza esilandelayo:

1. Umazibuthe unomphela uyazungeza lapho imoto ihamba futhi kukhona ukunyakaza
2. Uzibuthe ozungezayo usebenza kusici se-semiconductor. Uma uzibuthe uphendukela eningizimu noma enyakatho polarity, isici sicushiwe
3. I-pulse engunxande ekhiqiziwe inikezwa i-ECU
4. Ngokuya ngemvamisa yokujikeleza kanye nenani lokuguquguquka, akunqunywa ijubane kuphela, kodwa futhi imayela "linxeba"

Ukujika ngakunye kwe-ekseli enozibuthe kubonisa ibanga elihambisanayo, ngenxa yokuthi kunqunywa imayela lemoto.

Ngemva kokuqonda inkinga yenzwa yejubane ku-Lanos, ungaphendukela ekutholeni izizathu zokuthi kungani ingxenye yehluleka ku-Lanos.

Izimbangela zokwehluleka kwenzwa yesivinini

Ezimweni eziningi, imishini yemoto yakwaLanos ihluleka noma ihluleka ngenxa yomswakama ongena emzimbeni. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kwenzekani ezintweni ze-semiconductor kagesi lapho evezwe kumswakama. Nokho, kunezinye izizathu ezenza i-DS ihluleke:

• I-Oxidation yoxhumana nabo - kwenzeka lapho ukuqina kokuxhumeka kwe-microcircuit nezintambo zezinzwa noxhumana nabo kwephulwa.
• Ukulimala kokuxhumana: ngemuva kwesikhashana, oxhumene naye oxidized uyanqamuka. Oxhumana naye angase alimale uma ama-chip anemikhondo exhunywe ngokungalungile.
• Ukwephulwa kobuqotho becala - ngenxa yalokho, ukuqina kwephulwa, ngakho-ke ukwehluleka kwengxenye
• Ukulimala kwebhodi kanye nokwehluleka kwezici ze-semiconductor

Kungenzeka ukuthi intambo yamandla noma yesignali yonakele, ngenxa yalokho idivayisi nayo ngeke isebenze. Uma ingxenye ethile kusolwa ukuthi inephutha, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukuyihlola bese ufinyelela isiphetho esifanele. Uma othintana nabo kanye nomzimba beqinile futhi zingekho izimpawu ze-oxidation, akulona iqiniso ukuthi ingxenye ihlelekile kahle. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi iyasebenza, udinga ukuyihlola.

Unganquma kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-DS ku-Lanos

Akunzima ukuxilonga inzwa yejubane enephutha ku-Lanos, ngoba uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu ukuthula kwenaliti ye-speedometer. Futhi, i-odometer enomcibisholo ngeke isebenze futhi imayela lakho ngeke libalwe. Uma idivayisi okukhulunywa ngayo ingasebenzi kahle, ezinye izimpawu nazo ziyabonakala:

1. Inkinga uma uhamba ogwini (imoto ima)
2. Izinkinga ngokungenzi lutho: ukusebenza okungazinzile, ukubanda noma ukuma kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi
3. Ukulahleka kwamandla enjini
4. Ukudlidliza kwenjini
5. Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli: kufika kumalitha ama-2 ngebanga elingu-100 km

Kanjani futhi kungani inzwa yesivinini ithinta izinkomba ezingenhla ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngenhla. Uma idivayisi ingasebenzi kahle, inkomba ye-Check Engine nayo iyakhanyisa bese kuboniswa iphutha elithi 0024. Ngakho-ke, sekuyisikhathi sokuthola ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani inzwa yokuthola isivinini ku-Lanos ngokwakho. Kodwa okokuqala, ake sithole ukuthi ikuphi.

Iphi inzwa yesivinini emotweni ye-Lanos, Sens ne-Chance

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezimoto iLanos, Sens neChance, abaningi sebeyazi. Kuphela, naphezu kokuhluka kwezinjini namabhokisi, imininingwane enjalo njengenzwa yejubane itholakala kuzo zonke lezi zimoto endaweni eyodwa. Le ndawo iyindawo ye-gearbox.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ezimotweni zemikhiqizo ehlukene, i-speed determinant ingatholakala hhayi kuphela ku-gearbox, kodwa futhi eduze namasondo noma ezinye izindlela.

I-speed sensor kwi-Lanos isesigabeni senjini ku-gearbox ophiko lwesokunxele. Ukuze ufike engxenyeni, udinga ukunamathela isandla sakho ohlangothini lapho ibhethri likhona. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa lapho i-DS itholakala e-Lanos.

Izimoto ze-Sens zifakwe ama-gearbox enziwe nge-Melitopol, kodwa indawo yenzwa yejubane icishe ifane neyeLanos. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa lapho i-DS itholakala khona ku-Sense.

Ngaphandle, izinzwa ze-Lanos ne-Sens zihlukile, kodwa isimiso sabo sokusebenza siyefana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisebenzi yokuhlola idivayisi yenziwa ngendlela efanayo.

Ungahlola kanjani imitha yesivinini ku-Lanos ne-Sense

Uma indawo yedivayisi okukhulunywa ngayo yaziwa, ungaqala ukuyihlola. Uzodinga i-multimeter ukuhlola. Inqubo yokuqinisekisa yenziwa ngezindlela ezahlukene:

1. Hlola amandla ku-chip. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vala i-sensor chip bese ufaka ama-probe kumasokhethi okuqala nesesithathu. Idivayisi kufanele ibonise inani le-voltage elilingana nenethiwekhi engaphakathi kwebhodi engu-12V evutha umlilo
2. Linganisa i-voltage phakathi kwetheminali ephozithivu nentambo yesignali. I-multimeter kufanele ifunde i-5V ngokuvutha kuvuliwe.
3. Hlukanisa ingxenye bese uxhuma i-microcircuit kuyo. Xhuma intambo yethusi kumaphini 0 no-10 ngemuva kwechip. Xhuma i-multimeter iholela ezintanjeni. Vula i-ignition futhi, uphendulela i-sensor drive shaft, ulinganise i-voltage. Lapho i-sensor shaft ijikeleza, inani le-voltage lizoshintsha lisuka ku-XNUMX liye ku-XNUMX V

I-DS ingakhishwa emotweni futhi ixhunywe ngqo ebhethrini ukuze ihlolwe. Uma uphenyo lubonisa ukuthi ingxenye ethile inesici, kufanele ishintshwe. Lapho uhlola, uzodinga ukwazi i-pinout yenzwa yesivinini ye-Lanos. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa izintambo ku-DS chip yemoto yakwaLanos.

Ukuze uthole i-pinout yenzwa, udinga ukukala i-voltage phakathi kwezixhumi nge-multimeter.

• Inani elingu-12V lizoboniswa phakathi kwamandla kagesi "+" kanye nomhlabathi
• Phakathi kwesixhumi esihle nekhebula lesignali - kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10V
• Phakathi komhlaba kanye nocingo lwesignali - 0V

Ngemuva kokuhlola isimo senzwa, ungaqhubeka nokuyifaka esikhundleni. Akunzima ukukwenza futhi ngeke kuthathe imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5.

Indlela yokushintsha into yokubona isivinini ku-Chevrolet ne-DEU Lanos

Inqubo yokushintsha inzwa yejubane e-Lanos ayinzima, futhi ubunzima obukhulu obungase buvele ubunzima bokufinyelela ingxenye. Ukuze ufinyelele kuyo, imbobo yokubuka ayidingeki, ngoba wonke umsebenzi wenziwa kusukela ekamelweni lenjini. Inqubo yokushintsha i-DS e-Lanos yenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Nqamula i-chip kunzwa
2. Okulandelayo, sizama ukukhulula inzwa ngesandla. Uma lokhu kungasebenzi, udinga ukwenza buthaka ukhiye "27". Nokho, ezimweni eziningi akudingekile ukuphendukela osizweni lwesihluthulelo.
3. Ngemva kokuqaqa idivayisi, udinga ukuyiqhathanisa nento entsha. Zombili izinzwa kufanele zifane
4. Sisonta inzwa entsha ngezandla zethu (awudingi ukuyiqinisa ngesikrufu) bese uxhuma i-chip.

Lapho wenza umsebenzi wokushintsha inzwa, nqamula ukuphela kwebhethri, okuzokuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha inkumbulo yekhompyutha. Ngemuva kokushintshwa, sibheka ukusebenza kahle kwe-speedometer. Ngezansi kunevidiyo ebonisa inqubo enemininingwane yokushintsha i-DS.

Njengoba ubona, ukususa idivayisi akunzima neze. Okuhlukile yizimo zokulimala emzimbeni wedivayisi. Kulokhu, kungase kudingeke ukuqaqa i-gearbox yenzwa yejubane, ehlakazwa ngokukhipha isikulufu ku-"10".

Yini i-DS okufanele uyibeke ku-Chevrolet ne-Daewoo Lanos - isihloko, inombolo yekhathalogi kanye nezindleko

Ukukhethwa kwezinzwa zejubane zeLanos kubanzi impela. Imikhiqizo ikhiqizwa abakhiqizi abahlukene, ngakho-ke uhla lwamanani lubanzi kakhulu. Cabangela abakhiqizi bedivayisi okufanele ubanake lapho ukhetha:

1. GM: Ikhophi yoqobo ingenye ethembeke kakhulu, kodwa okubi ukuthi ibiza kakhulu (cishe ama-$20). Uma ungathola inzwa yesivinini kwa-GM ye-Lanos, khona-ke le divayisi ingeyakho. I-athikili noma inombolo yekhathalogi yedivayisi yokuqala 42342265
2. I-FSO ingumkhiqizi wasePoland ongaphansi kwekhwalithi kuneyangempela. Inombolo yengxenye 96604900 futhi ibiza cishe u-$10
3. I-ICRBI inguqulo engabizi yedivayisi ebiza cishe u-$5. Inenombolo yesihloko 13099261

Baningi abanye abakhiqizi, kodwa kufanele ukhethe kuphela ngekhwalithi yengxenye, hhayi ngezindleko, ukuze ungashintshi i-DS njalo ngonyaka.

Inzwa yejubane ku-Lanos ayinasibopho nje sempilo ye-speedometer, kodwa futhi ithinta ngokungaqondile ukusebenza kwenjini. Kungakho akunconywa ukusebenzisa imoto enesici esingalungile, ngoba ngale ndlela ayihambi nje ngesivinini esingaziwa, kodwa futhi ishayela ngokusetshenziswa okuthe xaxa kukaphethiloli.