I-Dacia - ukuguqulwa kusuka kuCinderella kuya enkosazane yaseYurophu
Abantu abaningi bahlobanisa uhlobo lwe-Dacia nezimoto ezishibhile, ezonakele, futhi ekugcineni, izimoto ezingavuthiwe ezigcwele imakethe yethu ngeminyaka yama-80s nasekuqaleni kwawo-90s. Ngeshwa, bambalwa abazisa umkhiqizi waseRomania, okuthe ngokuhamba kweminyaka kwavela ekukhiqizeni okuncane kwaba ngumdlali obalulekile emakethe.
Ngesinye isikhathi, i-Dacia 1300 yayivame ukubonakala emigwaqweni yasePoland. Ngeshwa, namuhla le nsalela yesikhathi esidlule iyivelakancane yangempela, futhi izibonelo ezisesimweni esihle zingatholakala kuphela kumamyuziyamu ezimoto ze-NRL noma emagaraji abaqoqi abanqikaza ukuveza ingcebo yabo ekukhanyeni. Akumangazi ukuthi lezi zimoto ziqukethe umlando omkhulu, isiyaluyalu impela, ezithakazelisayo kakhulu futhi egcwele inhliziyo yezimoto.
Ngemva kokwethulwa kancane, ake sibuyele emsuka womkhiqizo we-Dacia. Sizoqala ngezinto eziyisisekelo, okungukuthi igama lomkhiqizo livelaphi. Imvelaphi iyinkimbinkimbi, njengoba uhlobo lwaseRomania, oluvela eRomania ngaphansi kwegama elithi Uzina De Autoturisme Pitesti, luvela esifundazweni saseRoma saseDacia. Lesi sifundazwe sake saba sensimini yeRomania yanamuhla. Ekuqaleni, leli zwe lakhiwa imingcele yemvelo - kusukela enyakatho kwakumngcele Carpathians, kusukela empumalanga eMfuleni Prut, eningizimu e Danube engezansi, futhi entshonalanga nengxenye yayo emaphakathi. Kodwa ake siqede ubunkimbinkimbi be-geohistorical bese sibuyela kumlingiswa wethu oyinhloko.
Iningi labantu abake baxhumana nohlobo lweDacia bakholelwa ukuthi kusukela muva nje le nkampani ibiphethwe yiFrench Renault. Yiqiniso, kukhona iqiniso kulokhu, kodwa bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ifektri yaseRomania ibilokhu ibambisana eduze namaFulentshi cishe kusukela ekuqaleni kokuba khona kwayo. Ake siye ekuqaleni impela, i.e. kuze ekudalweni komkhiqizo we-Dacia ngo-1952 ngesimo se-Uzina de Autoturisme Pitesti, nefektri yayo enkulu e-Kolibashi (manje eyiMioveni) eduze kwasePitesti. Cishe eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zezindiza kwaqala lapha, ngakho kwakungenzima ukuklama kabusha imigqa yomhlangano yokukhiqiza izimoto.
Njengoba sekushiwo, uDacia usebenze eduze neRenault cishe kusukela ekuqaleni. Isitshalo saseRomania asizange sisebenzise kuphela ubuchwepheshe bokukhathazeka kwesiFulentshi, kodwa futhi sakhiqiza izimoto ngaphansi kwelayisensi yayo, njengoba sizobona manje. Yiqiniso, uDacia wazama izikhathi eziningana ukwenza into eyedwa, njengemoto ebizwa ngokuthi iMioveni ngo-1966, kodwa lokhu kanye neminye imizamo ayizange iphumelele. I-Dacia inqume ukushiya izifiso zayo ukuze ivune intuthuko efakazelwe. Okungenani okwesikhashana.
В 1968 году Dacia наконец подписывает официальное соглашение о сотрудничестве с французским концерном Renault. Первым плодом сотрудничества стала модель Dacia 1100, которая была выпущена в количестве 37 1100 единиц менее чем за два года. С первого взгляда видно, что Dacia 8 является почти сестрой-близнецом модели Renault 48, которая, кстати, выглядела очень интересно и до сих пор является ценным предметом коллекционирования. Румынская версия машины имела задний двигатель мощностью 130 л.с., а максимальная скорость составляла км/ч.
Unyaka ngemva kokusayinwa kwesivumelwano sokubambisana, enye imodeli ye-Dacia izalwa - 1300. Imoto isekelwe ngokucacile ku-Renault 12. Kulokhu, kubonakala sengathi i-Romanian elingana ne-Renault ithole, okungenani ezweni lethu, okuningi. Okuningi. ukuduma kunokuqala kwesiFulentshi. Ukuthandwa kwaba kukhulu kangangokuthi eminyakeni eyalandela kwaphinde kwasungulwa izinguqulo ezintsha zenjini, kuhlanganise ne-1210, 1310 noma 1410, kanye nezitayela zomzimba ezifana nenqola yesiteshi yango-1973 noma iloli elaliyinguquko ngaleso sikhathi.
Namuhla, i-Dacia 1300 ibhekwa njengethwala i-marque yaseRomania isuka emathafeni asempumalanga iya ezindaweni eziphakeme zaseYurophu. Akumangazi ukuthi imodeli yakhiqizwa ngokuguqulwa okuningi kwaze kwaba ngu-1980. Yiqiniso, isifiso saseRomania sabuya, ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlukahluka okuthakazelisayo kwemodeli kwadalwa, okuthi, ngeshwa, akuzange kungene ekukhiqizeni okuningi. Ngokungeziwe kumodeli ye-1300p, ebibusa kakhulu emigwaqweni yasePoland, kube nokuhlolwa okufana ne-Brasovia coupe noma i-Dacia Sport. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi izimoto azizange zishiye amatafula okuklama, ngoba zingangcolisa kakhulu imakethe yezimoto zezemidlalo ngaleyo minyaka. Amanye amaphupho angafezekanga omkhiqizo ahlanganisa imodeli yokulethwa kwe-1308 Jumbo noma iloli elihamba ngamasondo amane eliphuma emgwaqeni.
Ama-80s kanye nama-90s aphinde afuna ukuvelela, adlulwa umqondo womkhiqizo waseRomania. Ngo-1976, uDacia unquma ukuhlukana nenkampani yaseFrance iRenault futhi aqale ukukhiqiza izimoto eyedwa. Begcwele impumelelo yangaphambilini, abanikazi bomkhiqizo base-Romania bayaqiniseka ukuthi banolwazi olwanele nokuhlakanipha ukuze banqobe imakethe yaseYurophu bebodwa ngaphandle kokwabelana ngezimpumelelo zabo nanoma ubani omunye. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuqedwa kwenkontileka, kuzokwakhiwa imodeli ye-Dacia 2000, okuyinto, yebo, i-wele udade we-Renault 20. Ngeshwa, imoto ayisatholi ukuthandwa okunjalo njengemodeli ye-1300, futhi ekuqaleni ' s uhulumeni wase-Romania uphazamisa imboni yezimoto.
Ngaphambi kukaDacia kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Nokho, uhulumeni waseRomania uyala umenzi ukuba akhiqize izimoto ezincane futhi, yiqiniso, ezingabizi abantu abavamile bakuleli zwe abangazithenga. Isithelo sokusebenza kanzima futhi, ngeshwa, umsebenzi ophoqelelwe yi-Dacia 500 Lastun. Ngeshwa, ukubheka imoto kwanele ukuphetha ngokuthi lokhu kuyiphutha elibi - injini ebuthakathaka, ubuciko obudabukisayo kanye nesitayela esiphuma eNkathini Ephakathi kwakusho ukuthi imoto yayingathandwa kakhulu.
Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yesomiso nokuwa, uDacia wazalwa kabusha ngo-1998 neNova. Ukuze ungenzi elinye iphutha, umenzi ufinyelela ngesizathu kanye nomqondo ovamile futhi unquma ukusebenzisa izixazululo eziningi ezivela kwezinye izinkampani, kuhlanganise ne-Peugeot ne-Renault. Nokho, uguquko lwangempela lweza ngemva konyaka.
Ngo-1999, uDacia uyaxolisa kwabakwaRenault, okuthi nabo bathenge ingxenye engamaphesenti angu-51 enkampanini yaseRomania, ngaleyo ndlela ibe umnikazi wohlobo lweDacia. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, lo mkhiqizo ongabonakali ubulokhu ukhula futhi kancane kancane uzuza izinhliziyo zabashayeli baseYurophu. Isinyathelo sokuqala kulokhu kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwemodeli yeNova. Imoto inezinjini ezintsha futhi ezinamandla, futhi igama selishintshile laba yiSuperNova - yesimanje kakhulu.
Uma ekuqaleni isilinganiso samasheya omkhiqizo waseRomania sasilingana - 51 kuya ku-49 sivuna inkampani yaseFrance, khona-ke ngokuhamba kweminyaka isikali sibheke kuRenault. Ukungena enkulungwaneni entsha ye-Dacia kwakusho ukuqiniswa kwe-hegemony yomkhiqizi waseFrance, kodwa ingabe umenzi waseMioveni wenqaba lokhu? Akunjalo, ngoba kwakuyithuba lakhe kuphela lokungena emakethe yaseYurophu. Kwakwaziwa ukuthi uDacia wayengenakukwazi ukubhekana nesimo eyedwa, futhi ukusekelwa okunamandla kweRenault yaseFrance kwakuyoba usizo olukhulu.
Emuva kokuthi iRenault ithathe izintambo eziningi zamasheya ngo-1999, isiteki sabo senyuka safinyelela ku-73,2% ngonyaka olandelayo, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho safinyelela ku-81,4%. Ngemva konyaka nje, amasheya amaningi afinyelela ku-92,7% adluliselwa ezandleni zenkampani yaseFrance, futhi ngo-2003, ekugcineni, ama-99,3%. Isabelo esilinganiselwe esingu-0,07% ku-Dacia sibonakala sivumela inkampani ukuthi igcine ibheji nophawu lokuhweba. Ngandlela-thile, ngawo lowo nyaka, emakethe ingena emakethe umlandeli wemodeli ye-SuperNova ebizwa ngokuthi i-Solenca - ifakwe kangcono futhi yenziwe ngokucophelela. Ngesizathu esithile, i-brand ye-Renault ingabonwa shazi.
Ukuthatha kukaDacia ngabakwaRenault kuholele ekujovweni kwemali elinganiselwa ku-500 million euros. Iningi lala mali lasetshenziselwa ukwenza izimboni zaseRomania zibe zesimanjemanje eminyakeni edlule. Emuva ngo-2004, i-Europe yathola ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali okunjalo kunenzuzo - imodeli ye-Logan yangena emakethe, ngokushesha yaba imoto ecishe ibe yinguquko. Imishini emihle kakhulu ngentengo ephansi kakhulu - le nhlanganisela yayanele ukunqoba izimakethe zamazwe asathuthuka, hhayi iYurophu kuphela. Isithakazelo esikhulu sabathengi saholela ekutheni imoto iphinde ifike eNtshonalanga Yurophu, lapho kubusa khona izimoto zaseJalimane naseFrance. Eminyakeni elandelayo balethe izinhlobo ezintsha: iDuster, iSandero, iLogan ngezinhlobo eziningi, kanti muva nje iLodgy, eqale ukubonakala embukisweni wezimoto iGeneva Motor Show ngasekuqaleni kukaMashi walo nyaka.
Uhlobo lweDacia njengamanje luholwa nguJerome Olive, owalandela uFrançois Fourmont njengomongameli ngoNovemba 26, 2009. I-CEO yangaphambilini yashiya inkampani yaseMioweni yathatha umhlalaphansi. UJerome Olive uqale wathatha izintambo njengomlawuli futhi ngemva nje kwalokho waba yi-CEO yakwaDacia. Uma ubheka nge-biography yakhe, umuntu angafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi ungumuntu olungile endaweni efanele. UJerome Olive wazalwa ngoDisemba 8, 1957. Ngo-1980, wathola iziqu zobunjiniyela e-Catholic Institute of Arts and Crafts, ICAM. U-Jérôme uhlotshaniswe nomkhiqizo waseFrance cishe kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe. Kakade ngo-1982, waqala ukusebenza embonini yakwaRenault eSandouville. Ngo-1985, wathatha utshalomali kanye nemisebenzi yokusebenza, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho waba umqondisi wokusebenza. Impumelelo yakamuva kaJerome Olivia ihlanganisa ukuqokwa kwakhe njengoMqondisi Wezokusebenza eDouai ngo-1999. Ingenye yezitshalo zeRenault ezinkulu nezanamuhla emhlabeni wonke. Eminyakeni emi-5 nje ngemva kwale mpumelelo, u-Olivia waba yi-CEO yale fektri. Wayengubani umanduleli kaJerome Olivia?
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, uFrançois Fourmont washiya uDacia futhi ngaleyo ndlela waqeda umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu. UFrançois wazalwa ngo-December 24, 1948. Unemfundo ephakeme yezomnotho kanye nediploma yemfundo ephakeme ekhethekile. Njengomlandeli wakhe, waqala umsebenzi wakhe kwaRenault. Ekuqaleni, ngo-1975, wabamba isikhundla eMnyangweni Wezabasebenzi. Kusukela ngo-1988 kuya ku-1998, ubambe izikhundla ezahlukene efektri yaseSandouville naseLe Mans, okwagcina ngokuthi aqokwe ngoJulayi 2003 njenge-CEO yohlobo lweDacia.
