Idrayivu yokuhlola i-Citroen Traction Avant: i-avant-garde
Ukuzihambela nokuzishayela ngaphambili, ngo-1934 iCitroen Traction Avant ihamba phambili embonini yezimoto. UFrançois Lecco ukhombise amathuba amangalisayo wokwakha ngo-1936, ahlanganisa amakhilomitha angama-400 134 ngonyaka. auto motor und sport ulandela ezinyathelweni zesikhathi esedlule esikhazimulayo.
Eduze kwamazinga okushisa abandayo, isibhakabhaka esiguqubele kanye namakhekheba eqhwa andizayo, cishe kunezinsuku lapho kungcono kakhulu ukushayela uphume emnyuziyamu ngemoto eneminyaka engu-74 ubudala. Kodwa lapho, ngo-July 22, 1935, uFrançois Leko evula ukhiye wokukhanyisa futhi ecindezela inkinobho yokuqala, umnikazi wehhotela wayazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi wayengenakukwazi ukubhekana nezinhlekelele zemvelo. Ngaphambi kwakhe kwakunomsebenzi ofana nowe-Hercules - ukushayela amakhilomitha angu-400 ngeCitroen Traction Avant 000 AL ngonyaka owodwa nje.
Ngaphezu komncintiswano
Ukuze afinyelele lo mgomo, kwakudingeka anqobe amakhilomitha angaba ngu-1200 nsuku zonke. Yilokho akwenza - wayenesivinini esilinganiselwe esingu-65 km/h, futhi i-speedometer ayizange ibonise ngaphezu kuka-90. Uma kubhekwa ubuxhakaxhaka bemigwaqo yangaleso sikhathi, lokhu kwaba impumelelo evelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eLyon, uLecco wayechitha ubusuku embhedeni wakhe njalo. Ngenxa yalokho, uhambo lwansuku zonke lwalulandela umzila osuka e-Lyon uya eParis futhi ubuye, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ukuzijabulisa nje, ukuya e-Monte Carlo. Usuku ngalunye, umgcini wendlu yezihambi wayelala amahora amane kuphela, kanye nemizuzu emibili eqondile yokulala emgwaqeni.
Ngokushesha, imoto emnyama enabaxhasi abamhlophe bezokukhangisa kanye ne-French tricolor eminyango yaziwa kabanzi. Abantu abahlala eduze kwe-National Highways 6 no-7 bangasetha amawashi abo ukuthi afane no-Leko. Uhambo oluvamile lwaphazanyiswa kuphela ukubamba iqhaza ku-Monte Carlo Rally, eyaqala ngo-1936 ePortugal, kanye nohambo oluningana oluya eBerlin, eBrussels, e-Amsterdam, eTurin, eRoma, eMadrid naseVienna. NgoJulayi 26, 1936, i-speedometer yabonisa amakhilomitha angu-400 - irekhodi lokugijima laqedwa, lifakazela ngokucacile ukukhuthazela kweTraction Avant, kamuva eyaziwa ngokuthi "imoto yezigelekeqe". Ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezimbalwa zemishini kanye nezingozi zomgwaqo ezimbili, umjaho webanga elide uhambe kahle ngendlela emangalisayo.
Okufanayo ngaphandle kwempinda
Imoto yokurekhoda iwumbukiso ofanelekayo wanoma iyiphi imnyuziyamu, kodwa yalahleka ezinxushunxushwini zempi. Ngakho, iTraction Avant, eboniswe ehholo leMnyuziyamu uHenri Malater esifundeni saseLyon eRosteil-sur-Saone, lapho uLecco ahlala khona ngo-1935, imane nje iyikhophi. Nokho, ifana kakhulu neyokuqala. Ngisho nonyaka wokukhiqiza (1935) ulungile, i-mileage kuphela incane kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ngokunembile inombolo yabo ngenxa yemitha yedeshibhodi ye-Art Deco enephutha. Kodwa ezinye izisetshenziswa zisesimweni esihle kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuthi sihambe sihamba ngeCitroen emnyama, izisebenzi ezimbili zasemnyuziyamu kwadingeka zihlole ukucindezela kwamasondo.
Nge-compact drive yayo edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, umzimba ozisekelayo namabhuleki esigubhu se-hydraulic, le Citroen yaphaphalaza ngo-1934. Ngisho nanamuhla, abathandi abaningi bakubheka njengemoto yamashumi amathathu, okungathi, ngokuya ngemiqondo yesimanje, ingaqhutshwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Yilokhu kanye esizokuhlola.
Hambisa amathambo amadala
Kuqala ngomkhuba wokuqala: vula ukhiye wokushisa, ukhiphe umshini wokuhlanza bese wenza kusebenze ukuqala. Injini engu-1911 cc yamasilinda amane iqala ngokushesha bese imoto iqala ukudlidliza, kodwa kancane. Izwakala njengeyunithi yokushayela ye-46bhp Ukuhlala kulungiswe "ezintantayo" emabhuloki enjoloba. Izembozo ezimbili zensimbi yeselesele, ezitholakala emaphethelweni angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla kudeshibhodi, ziqala ukukhala ngomsindo wensimbi, okhombisa ukungabikho kwezimpawu zenjoloba zangaphambili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, azikho izinto eziningi ezingalimala.
Ukucindezela i-clutch kudinga umzamo omangalisayo kusuka enkonyane esetshenziselwa izimoto zesimanje. Ngokusobala, ngeminyaka yama-30s, amaFrance ayenezinyathelo ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ukuze ucindezele kahle i-pedal, udinga ukugoba umlenze wakho eceleni. Bese ushintshela ngokucophelela egiyeni lokuqala (elingavumelanisiwe) ngesandla sesokunene esigobele kwesokudla, udedele i-clutch, wandise isivinini futhi… Ukudonsa i-Avant kuhamba!
Ngemuva kokusheshisa okuthile, sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha amagiya. “Mane ushintshe kancane futhi ngokucophelela, khona-ke ngeke kube nesidingo segesi ephakathi nendawo,” seluleka isisebenzi sasemnyuziyamu lapho sinikeza imoto. Futhi eqinisweni - i-lever ithuthela endaweni oyifunayo ngaphandle kwemibhikisho evela kumakhenikha, amagiya avula ngokuthula komunye nomunye. Sinikeza igesi futhi siqhubeke.
Ngejubane eligcwele
Imoto emnyama iziphatha kahle ngendlela eyisimanga emgwaqeni. Kuyiqiniso, ukumiswa kokunethezeka ngezinga lanamuhla akunakuphikiswa. Kodwa-ke, le Citroen inokumiswa ngaphambili okuzimele kanye ne-eksisi eqinile eneziphethu zangaphambili ngemuva (ezinguqulweni zakamuva, iCitroen isebenzisa amabhola adumile e-hydro-pneumatic ekumisweni kwangemuva kweTraction Avant, okwenza kube yindawo yokuhlola i-DS19 emangalisayo.
Isondo lokuqondisa elilingana nepizza yomndeni lisiza, noma ngokungagxili, ukuqondisa imoto endleleni oyifunayo. Umdlalo wamahhala omkhulu ngokwanele ukhuthaza ukukhipha imvume ngokunyakazisa njalo kuzo zombili izinkomba, kodwa uyajwayela ngisho nangemva kwamamitha okuqala. Ngisho nesiminyaminya samaloli asekuseni ngasemfuleni iSaone asheshe ayeke ukwesabisa uma ushayela umakadebona waseFrance - ikakhulukazi njengoba abanye abashayeli bemhlonipha.
Futhi lokhu kwamukelekile, ngoba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi nsuku zonke i-Citroen endala enamabhuleki amangalisayo nokuziphatha komgwaqo, uma ufuna ukuyeka, kufanele ucindezele i-pedal kanzima - ngoba vele ayikho i-servo, ingasaphathwa umsizi we-elekthronikhi. uma ubhuleka. Futhi uma ume endaweni eyehlelayo, udinga ukugcina i-pedal icindezelwe isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Yehla ngethonsi
Isimo sezulu esingesihle sasebusika simemezela okunye ukugxuma ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini yezimoto okwenzeka ngemuva kuka-1935. Amawipha eTraction Avant, asebenza ngenkinobho eqinile ngaphezu kwesibuko sangaphakathi, asebenza kuphela inqobo nje uma uwabambe phansi. Ngokushesha siyayeka futhi sishiya amaconsi amanzi endaweni. Kodwa-ke, i-windshield ehlukanisiwe ngokuvundlile inikeza umoya opholile njalo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ayijuluki futhi ayivimbeli ukubuka okungaphambili. Ngomoya, amathonsi emvula amancane awela ebusweni babahambi, kodwa siyakwamukela lokhu kuphazamiseka ngokuqonda okuzolile. Sesivele sihlezi ezihlalweni ezingaphambili ezinethezekile - sigxishwe siqinile, njengoba ukushisisa kungenathuba lokubhekana nokugeleza komoya.
Ngaso sonke isikhathi kubonakala kuwe ukuthi amawindi avuliwe. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zesimanje, ukuvinjelwa kwemisindo kuyinto embi kakhulu, futhi njengoba ulinde amarobhothi, ungezwa abadlulayo bekhuluma ngendlela emangalisayo ngokumangazayo.
Kodwa sekwanele ukugcwala kwedolobha, masihambe ngomgwaqo - lapho uLeko ashayela khona amakhilomitha arekhodiwe. Nansi imoto isesimweni sayo. I-Citroen emnyama indizela emgwaqeni omazombezombe, futhi uma ungasunduzi umakadebona omfanele kakhulu, ungathola umuzwa wokushayela okuzolile nokumnandi, okuthi noma esimweni sezulu esibi awukwazi ukusibekela. Nokho, akudingekile ukushayela amakhilomitha angu-1200 ngosuku noma amakhilomitha angu-400 ngonyaka.
umbhalo: U-Rene Olma
isithombe: UDino Ezel, uThierry Dubois
