Idrayivu yokuhlola i-Citroën SM ne-Maserati Merak: abazalwane abahlukene
Izimoto ezimbili kusukela ngesikhathi lapho izimoto zikanokusho bezihlukile
U-Citroën SM no-Maserati Merak babelana ngenhliziyo efanayo - injini ebabazekayo engu-V6 eklanywe u-Giulio Alfieri ene-engeli yasebhange engama-degree angu-90. Ukuze uyihlanganise phambi kwe-axle yangemuva kumodeli yase-Italy, ijikeleziswa ngamadigri angu-180. Futhi akuwona umsangano wodwa lowo...
Kuyinto evamile kubazalwane ukuthi izibulo kumelwe lilwele inkululeko yalo, futhi lapho seliyitholile, abanye bangajabulela amalungelo asebewatholile kakade. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izifundo ezinezinhlamvu ezihluke kakhulu zingakhula zisuka ezakhini zofuzo ezifanayo - ezivukelayo noma ezinesizotha, ezolile noma ezinonya, ezemidlalo noma cha.
Zihlangene ngani nezimoto? Endabeni yeMaserati Merak neCitroën SM, ukufaniswa kufaka phakathi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, iqiniso lokuthi bobabili bangabesikhathi abalandeli abanothando lomkhiqizo wase-Italy abangathanda ukukhuluma ngaso. Ku-1968, umnikazi weMaserati oneminyaka engu-1967 u-Adolfo Orsi wathengisa isigxobo sakhe eCitroën (umlingani weMaserati '75), wanikela ngamaphesenti ayi-XNUMX enkampani yase-Italy kumenzi wezimoto waseFrance. Lokhu kuphawule ukuqala kwenkathi emfushane kepha enesiphithiphithi emlandweni wezimoto, ebonakaliswa imigomo yokuvelela kuqala bese kuba nezinkinga zokumakethwa kwezinhlobo zezemidlalo ngenxa yenkinga kawoyela.
Ngo-1968, akukho lutho olwalufanekisela umcimbi onjalo, ngakho-ke uCitroën wayefisa ukuvelela ngekusasa lenkampani yase-Italy. Ngenhlanhla, umklami weMaserati onethalente uGiulio Alfieri usesimweni esihle kule nkampani entsha futhi unikezwe umsebenzi wokwenza injini entsha ye-V-90, kufaka phakathi ezinye izinhlobo zeCitroën zesikhathi esizayo. Kuze kube manje, kuhle kakhulu. Ngokwendaba, u-Alfieri washaqeka lapho efunda lo msebenzi, owawukhombisa i-engeli phakathi kwemigqa ...
Isizathu sesidingo sekona elingenakulinganiswa elinjalo lapho sisebenzisa i-V6 yingoba injini bekufanele ilingane ngaphansi kolayini beveled besembozo sangaphambili se-SM. UMklami Oyinhloko uRobert Opron waklama i-avant-garde Citroën SM enendawo engaphambili ephansi, ngakho-ke i-V6 esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo enama-degree angama-60 degree engeke ilingane ukuphakama. KwaCitroen, akuyona into engavamile ukwenza imvume yezobuchwepheshe egameni lefomu.
Vimba i-V6 Alfieri njengenhliziyo ejwayelekile
Kodwa-ke, uGiulio Alfieri wayamukela inselelo. I-2,7 litre light alloy unit enesisindo esingu-140 kg isakhiwe, okuthi, ngenxa yamakhanda we-dohc valve eyinkimbinkimbi futhi abizayo, anikeze i-170 hp. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuwona umphumela omuhle kangako, kepha umuntu akufanele anganaki iqiniso lokuthi amandla okukhulunywa ngawo atholakala ku-5500 rpm. Injini ingagijima ize ifike kuma-6500 ngomzuzu, kepha ngokubuka kwezobuchwepheshe, lokhu akudingekile. Umsindo wenjini ubonwa njengomsebenzi womqambi u-Alfieri, kepha unemininingwane yawo. Umsindo wamasekethe amathathu uzwakala kahle, amabili awo aqhuba ama-camshafts. Owesithathu, kodwa owokuqala ngokokulandelana kokushayela, wenza umsebenzi wokushintshanisa shaft Lesisemkhatsini, wona oqhuba ipompo lamanzi, i-alternator, iphampu elinengcindezi enkulu yohlelo lwe-hydraulic kanye ne-air conditioner compressor, futhi nangamagiya namaketanga amabili ashiwo ekusebenzeni inani lama-camshafts amane. Lesekethe ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo futhi imvamisa iba ngumthombo wezinkinga ezimotweni ezingekho esimeni esihle. Kukonke, kodwa-ke, i-V6 entsha ikhombise ukuthi iyimoto ethembekile.
Mhlawumbe yingakho onjiniyela bakwaMaserati bekwazi ukuthola okuningi kuyo. Bandisa ububanzi be-cylinder ngamamilimitha angu-4,6, okwandisa ukufuduka kumalitha amathathu. Ngakho-ke, amandla akhuphuka ngo-20 hp kanye ne-torque ngo-25 Nm, ngemva kwalokho iyunithi ijikeleza amadigri angu-180 eduze kwe-eksisi eqondile futhi ifakwe emzimbeni we-Bora oguquliwe kancane, owaqala ngo-1972. Yavela kanjalo imoto. ebizwa ngokuthi i-Merak futhi kububanzi bomkhiqizo wezemidlalo iphathiswe indima yemodeli eyisisekelo ngentengo (eJalimane) engaphansi kwemikhiqizo ye-50. Uma uqhathanisa, i-Bora enenjini engu-V000 inamamaki angu-8 eqolo. Inamandla angu-20 hp kanye ne-torque engu-000 Nm, iMerak igcina ibanga elihloniphekile ukusuka eBora, elisinda ngo-190 kg kuphela kodwa linenjini engu-255 hp. Ngakho, Merak has isiphetho esinzima - ukuzinza phakathi kwabafowabo ababili. Enye yazo yiCitroën SM, ozakwabo bakwa-Auto Motor und Sport abayibiza nge-silver bullet futhi “enkulu” ngenxa yokuthi ubumnandi bayo bokushayela abukho ngaphansi kwezinga lokunethezeka. IMercedes 50. Enye iMaserati Bora okukhulunywa ngayo, imodeli yezemidlalo ephelele enenjini enkulu eyi-V310. Ngokungafani ne-Bora, i-Merak inezihlalo ezimbili ezengeziwe, noma ezincane, zangemuva, kanye namafreyimu angacwebezeli axhuma uphahla ngemuva kwemoto. Zibukeka njengesixazululo somzimba esihle kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nechweba lenjini elivalekile likazakwabo wenjini enkulu.
UDe Tomaso usula izingoma zikaCitroën
Kunzima kuMerak ukuthola amakhasimende - lokhu kufakazelwa ukuthi ngaphambi kokuphela kokukhiqiza ngo-1830, kwathengiswa izimoto ezingu-1985 kuphela. Ngemuva kuka-1975, iMaserati yaba impahla yenkampani yase-Italy ye-GEPI futhi, ikakhulukazi, u-Alessandro de Tomaso, owakamuva waba umnikazi wayo. I-CEO, imodeli idlula ezinye izigaba ezimbili zokuvela kwayo. Entwasahlobo ka-1975 kwavela inguqulo ye-SS enenjini engu-220 hp. futhi - ngenxa yokukhokhiswa kwentela ezimotweni zikanokusho e-Italy ngo-1976 - inguqulo ye-170 hp. kanye nokususwa okuncishisiwe okubizwa nge-Merak 2000 GT. Amagiya akwaCitroën SM enza amanye avuleka, kanti i-high-pressure brake system ishintshiwe kwafakwa elejwayelekile ihydraulic. Kusukela ngo-1980 i-Merak iye yakhiqizwa ngaphandle kwezingxenye ze-Citroën. Kodwa-ke, yimikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe yenkampani yaseFrance eyenza iMerak ithakazelise ngempela. Isibonelo, uhlelo olushiwo lwe-high pressure brake (190 bar) luhlinzeka ngenqubo esebenza kahle kakhulu yokumisa nokucupha izibani ezihlehliswayo. Lezi zici zihlanganiswa nokuziphatha komgwaqo okuzenzakalelayo nokuqondile - uhlobo olungahlinzekwa kuphela yimoto enenjini ephakathi nendawo. Ngisho naku-3000 rpm, i-V6 inikeza amandla amaningi futhi iyaqhubeka nokugcina ukudonsa okuqinile kuze kufike ku-6000 rpm.
Uma ungena kwi-Citroën SM bese ubheka amathuluzi acishe afane kanye nedeshibhodi, kuhlanganisa ne-centre console, cishe kukhona i-deja vu. Kodwa-ke, ukujika kokuqala kuqeda ukufana okujwayelekile kuzo zombili izimoto. Kuku-SM lapho i-Citroën ikhulula amandla ayo obuchwepheshe ngokugcwele. Isistimu ye-hydropneumatic enamandla okudonsa ukushaqeka eyingqayizivele iqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba, one-wheelbase ecishe ibe ngamamitha amathathu, ugingqika phezu kwamaqhubu ngokunethezeka okuyisimanga. Okwengezwe kulokhu isiteringi se-DIVARI esingenakuqhathaniswa esiphinde sakhuphuka amasondo esiteringini esibuyela enkabeni kanye nethrekhi yangemuva encanyana engu-200 mm, okuthi, ngemva kokujwayela, inikeze ukugibela okuphumuzayo nokuhamba kalula. Ilungele ukuhamba amabanga amade, i-SM iyimoto ye-avant-garde eyenza abagibeli bayo bazizwe bebalulekile futhi isasele iminyaka ngaphambi kwesikhathi sayo. I-Maserati eyivelakancane iyimoto yezemidlalo ethokozisayo oyithethelelayo ngokweqiwa okuncane.
isiphetho
I-Citroën SM kanye neMasarati Merak izimoto zenkathi lapho ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kusengenzeka. Lapho kungagcini ngokulawula ngokuqinile osozimali, kodwa futhi abakhi nabaklami babe nezwi eliqinile ekuchazeni imingcele. Kungale ndlela kuphela izimoto ezithokozisayo ezifana nabazalwane ababili abavela kuma-70s abazalwa.
Umbhalo: Kai Klauder
Isithombe: Hardy Muchler
