Siyini isifinyezo?

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iBasin yaseYurophu ibe yinto encane kunazo zonke umuntu ojwayelekile ahlangana nayo. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi emiholweni yangempela, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-laptops, izindleko zenkampani noma usayizi wenjini nokukhishwa. Ngeshwa, ukusikeka kwabasebenzi akukakuthinti ukuphathwa komphakathi noma kombuso onjalo okonakele. Kodwa-ke, incazelo yegama elithi "ukunciphisa" embonini yezimoto ayisiyintsha njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni. Ekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule, izinjini zikadizili nazo zaveza ukusikeka kwazo esigabeni sokuqala, okwathi, ngenxa yokushaja kanye nomjovo oqondile wanamuhla, wagcina noma wehlisa ivolumu yawo, kepha ngokwanda okuphawulekayo kumapharamitha ashukumisayo wenjini.

Isikhathi sesimanje sezinjini zikaphethiloli “zokusa” saqala ngokufika kweyunithi engu-1,4 TSi. Uma uthi nhlá, lokhu kukodwa akubukeki njengokwehliswa, okuphinde kwaqinisekiswa ukufakwa kwayo emnikelweni weGolf, Leon noma we-Octavia. Ukushintsha kwendlela abuka ngayo izinto akwenzekanga kwaze kwaba yilapho u-Škoda eqala ukuhlanganisa injini engu-1,4kW 90 TSi ibe yimodeli yayo enkulu kunazo zonke iSuperb. Nokho okuqhamuke kwangempela kube wukufakwa kwenjini engu-1,2 kW 77 TSi ezimotweni ezinkulu njenge-Octavia, Leon kanye neVW Caddy imbala. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho okwangempela futhi, njengenjwayelo, amakhonsathi ahlakaniphe kakhulu aqala. Izinkulumo ezinjengokuthi: "ayihuduli, ayihlali isikhathi eside, akukho okuthatha indawo yevolumu, i-octagon inenjini yendwangu, ukuzwile lokho?" Bezingaphezu kokujwayelekile hhayi kuphela ngentengo yesine yamadivayisi, kodwa nasezingxoxweni eziku-inthanethi. Ukwehlisa kudinga umzamo onengqondo ovela kubakhiqizi bezimoto ukuze babhekane nengcindezi eqhubekayo yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kanye negesi ekhishwayo ezondwa kakhulu. Yebo, akukho lutho lwamahhala, futhi ngisho nokwehliswa kwabantu akulethi nje izinzuzo. Ngakho-ke, emigqeni elandelayo, sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukwehlisa, ukuthi kusebenza kanjani nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo noma izinkinga zakho.

Yini isifinyezo nezizathu

Ukwehlisa kusho ukunciphisa ukugudluzwa kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kuyilapho kugcinwa amandla afanayo noma aphezulu nakakhulu. Ngokuhambisana nokwehliswa kwevolumu, ukushaja okuphezulu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-turbocharger noma i-compressor yemishini, noma inhlanganisela yazo zombili izindlela (VW 1,4 TSi - 125 kW). Kanye nokujova uphethiloli oqondile, isikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo, ukuphakamisa i-valve, njll. Ngalobu buchwepheshe obengeziwe, umoya owengeziwe (i-oxygen) wokuvutha ungena kumasilinda, futhi nenani likaphethiloli elinikeziwe lingakhuphuka ngokulinganayo. Yiqiniso, ingxube enjalo ecindezelwe yomoya namafutha iqukethe amandla engeziwe. Umjovo oqondile, ohlanganiswe nesikhathi esiguquguqukayo kanye nokuphakanyiswa kwe-valve, wona uthuthukisa umjovo kaphethiloli kanye nokushwibeka, okwandisa ngokwengeziwe ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokuvutha. Ngokuvamile, ivolumu ye-cylinder encane yanele ukukhulula amandla afanayo njengezinjini ezinkulu neziqatha ngaphandle kokunciphisa.

Njengoba sekukhonjisiwe ekuqaleni kwendatshana, ukuvela kokuncipha kubangelwa ukuqiniswa komthetho wase-Europe. Kakhulu kumayelana nokunciphisa ukukhishwa, ngenkathi okubonakala kakhulu kuyidrayivu yokwehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO ebhodini lonke.₂... Kodwa-ke, emhlabeni jikelele, imikhawulo yokungcola iyaqiniswa kancane kancane. Ngokuhambisana nomthethonqubo we-European Commission, abenzi bezimoto baseYurophu bazibophezele ukufeza umkhawulo we-2015 g CO wokukhishwa ngo-130.₂ nge-1 km, leli nani libalwa njengenani elijwayelekile lepaki yemoto ebekwe emakethe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Izinjini zikaphethiloli zidlala indima ngqo ekwehliseni izisebenzi yize kunjalo, ngokusebenza kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi zinciphise ukusetshenziswa (okusho nokuthi i-CO₂) kunezikadizili. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akwenza kube nzima hhayi kuphela ngentengo ephezulu, kodwa futhi nasekuqedeni okunezinkinga nokubizayo kokukhipha intuthu eyingozi kumagesi akhipha umoya, njengama-nitrogen oxides - CHA._x, i-carbon monoxide - CO, ama-hydrocarbons - i-HC noma i-carbon black, ukuze kukhishwe lapho kusetshenziswa isihlungi se-DPF (FAP) esibizayo futhi esiseyinkinga. Ngakho, udizili omncane kancane kancane uba yinkimbinkimbi, futhi izimoto ezincane zidlalwa ngama-violin amancane. Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe nezikagesi nazo ziyaqhudelana nokwehlisa izinga. Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe buthembisa, bunzima kakhulu kunokwehliswa kwabantu abambalwa, kodwa nokho kubiza kakhulu esakhamuzini esivamile.

A little ofory

Impumelelo yokwehliswa kwabantu incike ekuguquguqukeni kwenjini, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokunethezeka kokushayela sekukonke. Amandla netorque kuza kuqala. Ukukhiqiza kuwumsebenzi owenziwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umsebenzi owethulwe phakathi nomjikelezo owodwa wenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yokuthungela inhlansi unqunywa yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Otto Cycle.

I-eksisi eqondile ingcindezi engaphezu kwepiston, futhi i-eksisi evundlile ingumthamo wesilinda. Umsebenzi unikezwa indawo eboshwe ngamajika. Lo mdwebo ulungiselelwe ngoba asikunaki ukushintshashintsha kokushisa nendawo ezungezile, inertia yomoya engena kusilinda, nokulahlekelwa okubangelwa ukudla (ingcindezi encane engemihle uma kuqhathaniswa nomfutho womoya) noma ukukhipha (ukucindezela okuncane kakhulu). Futhi manje incazelo yendaba ngokwayo, ekhonjiswe kumdwebo (V). Phakathi kwamaphuzu 1-2, ibhaluni ligcwele ingxube - ivolumu iyanda. Phakathi kwamaphuzu angu-2-3, ukucindezelwa kwenzeka, i-piston isebenza futhi icindezela ingxube ye-fuel-air. Phakathi kwamaphoyinti 3-4, ukuvutha kwenzeka, ivolumu ihlala njalo (i-piston isendaweni ephezulu efile), futhi ingxube yamafutha iyasha. Amandla amakhemikhali kaphethiloli aguqulwa abe ukushisa. Phakathi kwamaphuzu angu-4-5, ingxube eshisiwe kaphethiloli nomoya iyasebenza - ukwandisa futhi ifaka ingcindezi ku-piston. Ezigabeni 5-6-1, ukugeleza okubuyela emuva kwenzeka, okungukuthi, ukuphuma.

Lapho simunca kakhulu ingxube ye-fuel-air, amandla amakhemikhali engeziwe akhululwa, futhi indawo engaphansi kwejika iyanda. Lo mphumela ungafinyelelwa ngezindlela eziningana. Inketho yokuqala ukukhulisa ngokwanele umthamo we-cylinder, ngokulandelana. yonke injini, lapho ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo sithola amandla amaningi - ijika lizokhula liye kwesokudla. Ezinye izindlela zokushintsha ukuphakama kwejika phezulu, isibonelo, ukwandisa isilinganiso sokucindezela noma ukwandisa amandla okusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokwenza imijikelezo emincane eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa, okungukuthi, ukwandisa isivinini senjini. Zombili lezi zindlela ezichazwe zinezinkinga eziningi (ukuzithungela, amandla aphezulu ekhanda le-cylinder nezimpawu zalo, ukungqubuzana okwenyuka ngesivinini esiphezulu - sizochaza kamuva, ukukhishwa okuphezulu, amandla ku-piston asafana), kuyilapho imoto ukuzuza kwamandla amakhulu ephepheni, kodwa i-torque ayishintshi kakhulu. Muva nje, nakuba i-Mazda yaseJapane ikwazile ukukhiqiza injini kaphethiloli enezinga eliphezulu ngokungavamile lokucindezelwa (14,0: 1) elibizwa nge-Skyactive-G, elinamapharamitha amahle kakhulu ashukumisayo ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuhle, nokho, abakhiqizi abaningi basasebenzisa elinye ithuba. ukwandisa umthamo wendawo ngaphansi kwejika. Futhi lokhu ukucindezela umoya ngaphambi kokufaka isilinda ngenkathi ugcina ivolumu - ukuchichima.

Ngemuva kwalokho umdwebo p (V) womjikelezo we-Otto ubukeka kanjena:

Njengoba ukukhokhiswa okungu-7-1 kwenzeka kumfutho ohlukile (ophakeme) kunowokukhipha u-5-6, kwenziwa ijika elihlukile lokuvala, okusho ukuthi kwenziwa umsebenzi owengeziwe ku-piston stroke ongasebenzi. Lokhu kungasetshenziswa uma idivaysi ecindezela umoya inikezwa amandla athile ngokweqile, okuthi kithi amandla we-kinetic wamagesi wokukhipha. Idivayisi enjalo iyi-turbocharger. I-compressor yemishini nayo iyasetshenziswa, kepha kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe iphesenti elithile (15-20%) elichithwe ekusebenzeni kwayo (imvamisa liqhutshwa yi-crankshaft), ngakho-ke, ingxenye yengxenye ephezulu ishintshela kwesingezansi eyodwa ngaphandle komphumela.

Sizoza isikhashana, ngenkathi sikhungathekile. Ukushaja ngophethiloli injini kudala ikhona, kepha inhloso enkulu bekuwukukhulisa ukusebenza, ngenkathi ukusetshenziswa kunganqunywa ngokukhethekile. Ngakho-ke ophephela begesi babadonsela impilo yabo yonke, kepha futhi babedla notshani eceleni komgwaqo, becindezela ugesi. Kwakunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Okokuqala, nciphisa isilinganiso sokucindezelwa kwalezi zinjini ukuze uqede amandla omlilo angqongqoza. Kwakukhona nodaba lokupholisa i-turbo. Emithwalweni ephezulu, ingxube bekufanele inothiswe ngophethiloli ukupholisa amagesi okukhipha futhi ngaleyo ndlela ivikele i-turbocharger ekushiseni okuphezulu kwegesi yomkhuhlane. Ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, amandla ahlinzekwa yi-turbocharger emoyeni wokushaja alahleka kancane ekulayisheni okuncane ngenxa yokuqhekeka komoya ogeleza ku-valve mpintsha. Ngenhlanhla, ubuchwepheshe obukhona buvele buvumela ukuthi umnotho kaphethiloli wehliswe noma ngabe injini ishintshwa nge-turboch, okungenye yezizathu ezinkulu zokwehliswa komsebenzi.

Abaklami bezinjini zesimanje zikaphethiloli bazama ukukhuthaza lezo zinjini zikadizili ezisebenza ngesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuminyanisa futhi ngokwengxenye yomthwalo, ukugeleza komoya ku-multifold intake akukhawulelwe yi-throttle. Ingozi yokungqongqoza okubangelwa izinga eliphezulu lokucindezela, elingacekela phansi injini ngokushesha okukhulu, iqedwa ngogesi wesimanje, olawula isikhathi sokubasa ngokunembe kakhulu kunalokho okwakunjalo kuze kube muva nje. Inzuzo enkulu futhi ukusetshenziswa komjovo kaphethiloli oqondile, lapho uphethiloli uhwamuka khona ngqo kusilinda. Ngakho-ke, ingxube kaphethiloli ipholiswe ngokuphumelelayo, futhi umkhawulo wokuzishisa uyanda. Kufanele futhi kukhulunywe ngohlelo olusabalele njengamanje lwesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo, okuvumela ukuthi uthinte isilinganiso sangempela sokucindezela ngokwezinga elithile. Okubizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo we-Miller (ukufinyela okude okungalingani kanye ne-stroke yokwandisa). Ngaphezu kokulinganisa isikhathi se-valve, ukukhushulwa kwe-valve okuguquguqukayo nakho kusiza ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa, okungangena esikhundleni sokulawula i-throttle futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukulahleka kokumunca - ngokunciphisa ukugeleza komoya ku-throttle (isb. I-Valvetronic evela kwa-BMW).

Ukushaja ngokweqile, ukushintsha isikhathi se-valve, isilinganiso se-valve noma i-compression ratio akuyona i-panacea, ngakho-ke abaklami kumele bacabangele ezinye izinto, ikakhulukazi, ezithinta ukugeleza kokugcina. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, ikakhulukazi, ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana, kanye nokulungiselela nokushisa komxube uqobo.

Sekungamashumi eminyaka abaklami besebenza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana kwezingxenye zenjini ezihambayo. Kumele kuvunywe ukuthi baye benza intuthuko enkulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha kanye nezingubo, okwamanje ezinezakhiwo ezingcono kakhulu zokungqubuzana. Okufanayo kungashiwo mayelana namafutha kanye nezinto zokugcoba. Umklamo we-injini ngokwawo awushiywanga ngaphandle kokunakwa, lapho ubukhulu bezingxenye ezihambayo, ama-bearings athuthukisiwe, ukuma kwamasongo we-piston futhi, yiqiniso, inani lamasilinda alishintshile. Cishe izinjini ezaziwa kakhulu ezinamasilinda “aphansi” njengamanje yizinjini zakwaFord ezingama-EcoBoost ezinamasilinda amathathu akwaFord noma iTwinAir enamasilinda amabili akwaFiat. Amasilinda ambalwa asho amaphistoni ambalwa, izinduku zokuxhuma, amabherengi, noma amavalvu, ngakho-ke ukungqubuzana okuphelele okunengqondo. Kukhona ukulinganiselwa okuthile kule ndawo. Esokuqala ukungqubuzana okugcinwa kusilinda esingekho, kodwa kususwe ngokwezinga elithile ukungqubuzana okwengeziwe kumabheringi we-balance shaft. Omunye umkhawulo uhlobene nenani lamasilinda noma isiko lokusebenza, okuthinta kakhulu ukukhethwa kwesigaba semoto injini ezoshayela. Okwamanje akucabangeki, isibonelo, iBMW, eyaziwa ngezinjini zayo zesimanje, ifakwe humming twin-cylinder injini. Kodwa ngubani owaziyo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani eminyakeni embalwa. Njengoba ukungqubuzana kukhula ngesikwele sejubane, abakhiqizi abagcini nje ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngokwayo, kodwa futhi bazama ukuklama izinjini ukuze banikeze amandla okwanele ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu. Njengoba i-refueling emkhathini yenjini encane ayikwazi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi, i-turbocharger noma i-turbocharger ehlanganiswe ne-compressor yemishini iyasiza futhi. Kodwa-ke, esimweni sokushaja okuphezulu kuphela nge-turbocharger, lokhu akuwona umsebenzi olula. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-turbocharger ine-inertia ebalulekile yokujikeleza kwe-turbine, eyenza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-turbodiera. I-turbocharger turbine ishayelwa amagesi aphumayo, okumele aqale akhiqizwe injini, ukuze kube nokubambezeleka okuthile kusukela ngesikhathi i-accelerator pedal icindezelekile kuya ekuqaleni okulindelekile kokuphonswa kwenjini. Kunjalo, amasistimu esimanjemanje e-turbocharging azama ukunxephezela ngempumelelo lesi sifo, futhi ukuthuthukiswa komklamo omusha kuma-turbocharger kuyasiza. Ngakho-ke ama-turbocharger mancane futhi alula, aphendula ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha ngesivinini esiphezulu. Abashayeli abagxile kwezemidlalo, abakhuliswe ezinjinini ezinesivinini esikhulu, basola injini enjalo “enejubane eliphansi” yokusabela kahle. akukho ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla njengoba isivinini sikhuphuka. Ngakho-ke injini idonsa ngokomzwelo ngama-revs aphansi, amaphakathi naphezulu, ngeshwa ngaphandle kwamandla aphezulu.

Ukwakhiwa kwengxube evuthayo ngokwayo akuzange kume eceleni. Njengoba wazi, injini kaphethiloli ishisa okuthiwa ingxube ye-homogeneous stoichiometric yomoya nophethiloli. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uphethiloli 14,7 kg - uphethiloli kukhona 1 kg umoya. Lesi silinganiso siphinde sibizwe ngokuthi i-lambda = 1. Ingxube eshiwo kaphethiloli nomoya ingashiswa kwezinye izilinganiso. Uma usebenzisa inani lomoya kusuka ku-14,5 kuya ku-22: 1, khona-ke kukhona ukweqa okukhulu komoya - sikhuluma ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ingxube ye-lean. Uma isilinganiso siguqulwa, inani lomoya lingaphansi kwe-stoichiometric futhi inani likaphethiloli likhulu (isilinganiso somoya kuphethiloli sisebangeni le-14 kuya ku-7: 1), le ngxube ibizwa ngokuthi okuthiwa. ingxube ecebile. Ezinye izilinganiso ezingaphandle kwalolu hlu kunzima ukuzithungela ngenxa yokuthi zincibilika kakhulu noma ziqukethe umoya omncane kakhulu. Kunoma ikuphi, yomibili imikhawulo inemiphumela ephambene ekusebenzeni, ukusetshenziswa nokukhipha. Mayelana nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni, esimweni sengxube ecebile, ukwakheka okubalulekile kwe-CO ne-HC kwenzeka._x, ukukhiqizwa NO_x iphansi kakhulu ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphansi lapho kushiswa ingxube ecebile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, AKUKHO umkhiqizo ophakeme kakhulu ngomlilo oshisayo._xngenxa yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuvutha. Akufanele sikhohlwe mayelana nenani elivuthayo, elihlukile ekubunjweni ngakunye kwengxube. Izinga lokusha liyisici esibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa kunzima ukusilawula. Izinga lokushiswa kwengxube liphinde lithinteke izinga lokushisa, izinga le-swirl (eligcinwe isivinini senjini), umswakama kanye nokwakheka kukaphethiloli. Ngayinye yalezi zici ibandakanyeka ngezindlela ezahlukene, ngokuzungeza nokugcwala kwengxube okunomthelela omkhulu kakhulu. Ingxube ecebile ishisa ngokushesha kunomzimba omncane, kodwa uma ingxube inothe kakhulu, izinga lokuvutha liyancipha kakhulu. Uma ingxube ivutha, ukushisa kuhamba kancane ekuqaleni, ngokucindezela okwandayo kanye nezinga lokushisa, izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka, elibuye libe lula ngokunyuka kwe-swirling yengxube. Ukushiswa okuthambile kunomthelela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle komlilo okufika ku-20%, kuyilapho, ngokwamakhono amanje, kuphezulu ngesilinganiso esingaba ngu-16,7 kuya ku-17,3: 1. Njengoba i-homogenization yengxube iwohloka ngesikhathi sokuncika okuqhubekayo, okuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu izinga lokushiswa, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle, nokukhiqiza, abakhiqizi baqhamuke nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ingxube yokubeka izingqimba. Ngamanye amazwi, ingxube evuthayo ihlukaniswa endaweni evuthayo, ukuze isilinganiso esizungeze ikhandlela sibe yi-stoichiometric, okungukuthi, sivutha kalula, futhi kuyo yonke imvelo, ngokuphambene nalokho, ukwakheka kwengxube ephakeme kakhulu. Lobu buchwepheshe buvele busetshenziswa ekusebenzeni (i-TSi, JTS, BMW), ngeshwa, kuze kube manje kuze kube yizivinini ezithile noma. kumodi yokulayisha okulula. Nokho, intuthuko iyisinyathelo esisheshayo esiya phambili.

Izinzuzo zokwehliswa

• Injini enjalo ayigcini nje ngokuba yincane ngevolumu kodwa futhi ngosayizi, ngakho-ke ingakhiqizwa ngezinto ezingavuthiwe kancane futhi ingasetshenziswa kakhulu amandla.
• Njengoba izinjini zisebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifanayo, uma kungenjalo, injini izokhanya ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane. Isakhiwo sonke semoto singaba namandla amancane ngakho-ke sikhanyise futhi sishibhile. ngenjini ekhona elula, umthwalo omncane we-asi. Kulokhu, ukusebenza kokushayela nakho kuyathuthukiswa, ngoba azithonywanga kakhulu injini esindayo.
• Injini enjalo incane futhi inamandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nzima ukwakha imoto encane futhi enamandla, kwesinye isikhathi ebingasebenzi ngenxa yobukhulu benjini obulinganiselwe.
• Imoto encane futhi inesisindo esingaphansi, ngakho-ke ayisebenzisi amandla amaningi ukuhamba ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwamandla njengemoto enkulu.

Ububi bokuncishiswa

• Imoto enjalo ibhekene nengcindezi ephakeme kakhulu yokushisa neyomshini.
• Yize injini ilula ngokwevolumu nangesisindo, ngenxa yokuba khona kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene ezengeziwe njenge-turbocharger, i-intercooler noma umjovo kaphethiloli ophakeme, isisindo esiphelele senjini siyakhuphuka, izindleko zenjini ziyakhuphuka, nayo yonke ikhithi idinga ukwanda kwesondlo. futhi ingozi yokwehluleka iphezulu, ikakhulukazi kwi-turbocharger engaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokushisa neyomshini.
• Ezinye izinhlelo ezisizayo zisebenzisa amandla enjini (isb. Ipompo ye-injection ngqo ye-injini yezinjini ze-TSI).
• Ukuklanywa nokukhiqizwa kwenjini enjalo kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula esimweni senjini egcwele emoyeni.
• Ukusetshenziswa kokugcina kusancike kakhulu kwisitayela sokushayela.
• Ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi. Hlala wazi ukuthi ukungqubuzana kwenjini kuncike kwejubane. Lokhu akubalulekile kangako kupompo wamanzi noma i-alternator lapho ukungqubuzana kukhuphuka khona ngomugqa ngejubane. Kodwa-ke, ukungqubuzana kwamakhamu noma amasongo e-piston kuyanda ngokulingana nempande eyisikwele, okungadala ukuthi imoto encane enejubane elikhulu ibonise ukungqubuzana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi kunevolumu enkulu egijima ngejubane eliphansi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba sekushiwo, okuningi kuncike ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni kwenjini.

Ngakho-ke ingabe likhona ikusasa lokusikeka kwabasebenzi? Yize kunamaphutha athile, ngicabanga kanjalo. Izinjini ezihlosiwe ngokwemvelo azihambi ngokushesha, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokonga umkhiqizo, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe (Mazda Skyactive-G), nostalgia, noma umkhuba. Kwabangewona amaqembu abathemba amandla enjini encane, ngincoma ukuthi kulayishwe imoto enjalo nabantu abane abondlekile, bese ubheka phezulu egqumeni, ukudlula nokuhlola. Ukuthembeka kuhlala kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Kukhona isixazululo sabathengi bamathikithi, noma ngabe kuthatha isikhathi eside kune-drive drive. Linda iminyaka embalwa ukuze ivele injini bese uthatha isinqumo. Kukonke, nokho, izingozi zingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenjini enamandla enamandla afanayo anamandla afanayo, injini encane ene-turbocharged ilayishwa kakhulu ngengcindezi yesilinda kanye namazinga okushisa. Ngakho-ke, izinjini ezinjalo zinamabhere alayishwe kakhulu, i-crankshaft, ikhanda lesilinda, i-switchgear, njll. Kodwa-ke, ubungozi bokuhluleka ngaphambi kokuphela kwensizakalo ehleliwe buphansi uma kuqhathaniswa ngoba abakhiqizi baklama izinjini zalo mthwalo. Kodwa-ke, kuzoba khona amaphutha, ngiyabona, isibonelo, izinkinga ngeketanga lesikhathi lokweqa ezinjini ze-TSi. Sekukonke, noma kunjalo, kungashiwo ukuthi ubude balezi zinjini cishe abuzukude njengoba kwenzeka ezinjini ezihlosiwe ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezine-mileage ephezulu. Ukunakwa okwengeziwe kufanele futhi kukhokhelwe ekusetshenzisweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini ezindala zikaphethiloli ezi-turbocharged, ama-turbocharger esimanje angasebenza kakhulu kwezomnotho, kuyilapho okungcono kakhulu kwawo kuhambisana nokusetshenziswa kukadizili we-turbo onamandla uma kuqhathaniswa nomnotho. Okubi wukuthembela okukhula njalo kwisitayela sokushayela, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukushayela kwezomnotho, kufanele uqaphele nge-pedal yegesi. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini zikadizili, izinjini zikaphethiloli ezenziwe ngophethiloli zenza lokhu kungalungi ngokucwengwa okungcono, amazinga omsindo aphansi, ibanga lejubane elibanzi elisebenzisekayo noma ukungabi khona kwe-DPF egxekwa kakhulu.