Yini ibackstage ku-gearbox, ikuphi

Lapho imoto ihamba, umshayeli ulawula ukusebenza kwenjini no-gearbox. Izimoto ezinokudlulisa ngesandla zisebenzisa i-rocker umshayeli alilawula ngayo amagiya. Ngokulandelayo, sizocubungula idivayisi yamaphiko, izici zokulungisa nokusebenza.

 Yini i-backstage ku-gearbox

Iningi labathandi bezimoto libiza isigwedlo segiya, esisegumbini, njenge-rocker, kepha lokhu kuyiphutha. I-rocker iyindlela yokuthi ngokusebenzisa i-gearshift knob ixhuma induku ehambisa imfoloko yegiya. Uma imoto idonsa ngamasondo angaphambili, i-rocker ingaphansi kwe-hood, phezulu noma eceleni ko-gearbox. Uma imoto ihamba ngamasondo angemuva, khona-ke amaphiko angafinyelelwa kuphela kusuka phansi. 

Indlela yokukhetha igiya ihlale ilayishwa umthwalo: ukudlidliza, ngokusebenzisa izimfoloko zamagiya namandla avela esandleni somshayeli. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, isixhumanisi asivikelwe noma yini, ngakho-ke, ukuthambisa okunganele kwezinto ezihambayo, ukungena kwamanzi kanye nokungcola kuma-hinges kuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuqala kwayo yonke indlela. Sicela wazi ukuthi i-rocker inezinsiza okungenani ezingama-80 km.

Idivayisi yangemuva kwesiteji

Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwezimoto, wonke amadivayisi nezinqubo zidlulela esikhathini samanje nasekuvuseleleni ukuklama. Ukuvela kwezimoto akweqile ku-gearbox, kuhlala kushintsha, kepha inqubo yokusebenza kwayo ayikashintshi amashumi eminyaka. Ukwenza lula incazelo yedivayisi yendlela yokukhetha igiya, sizothatha njengesisekelo uhlobo olujwayelekile futhi oluvame kakhulu lwe-backstage.

Ngakho-ke, isigaba sinezingxenye ezine eziyinhloko:

• isigwedlo umshayeli alilawula ngo-gearbox
• uthayi noma ikhebula;
• induku-imfoloko ngomunwe;
• iqoqo lezinduku ze-hinge ezisizayo nezinto.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ikhebula, umzimba noma iziphethu zingangena kudivayisi yesiteji. Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwemishini, umshayeli ukwazile ukushintsha amagiya ngesikhathi, okokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi isigwedlo "sihamba" ezindaweni ezinikezwe.

Ngokuya ngezici zokwakhiwa, ijoka lingaba nezinhlobo ezimbili zokushayela:

• ikhebula;
• ukugibela indiza.

Iningi lama-automakers lisebenzisa ikhebula drive ye-rocker, ngoba izintambo zihlinzeka ngokudlala okuncane kakhulu kwesigwedlo segiya, futhi ukwakheka kwe-rocker uqobo kwenziwa lula futhi kwehliswa kaningi ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kusebenzisa ikhebula kuphela.

Ngokuqondene ne-rocker, exhuma indlela yokukhetha igiya kanye nejobhi yegiya, ngenxa yokusebenzisa amalunga e-hinge, kukhona ubunzima ekulungisweni, kanye nasekubonakaleni kwangemuva kokugqokwa okuncane kwamahinji. Isibonelo, ekwakhiweni kwesiteji sangemuva se-VAZ-2108, kunikezwa i-cardan ne-jet thrust, okuthi uma kugqokiwe kunikeze ukudlala.

Ilawulwa kanjani indawo yokuhlola?

Ukuklanywa kwendlela yokukhetha igiya kuncike ekuhlelweni kwamayunithi amakhulu. Phambilini, izimoto bezihlelwe ngendlela yakudala, lapho injini ne-gearbox zifakwe khona ngobude, okusho ukuthi sasingekho isidingo sokusebenzisa izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kwezinye izimoto, i-rocker iqonde ngqo, okungukuthi, ukuphela kwayo kukhulumisana nezimfoloko zokukhetha amagiya, kepha ngasikhathi sinye umshayeli uzizwa edlidliza njalo kusukela ekusebenzeni kwebhokisi lamagiya. Izimoto zesimanje eziningi zine-rocker efakwe ama-breadcrumbs epulasitiki namajoyinti akhulunywayo lapho kudluliswa khona ifindo le-gearshift ne-rocker.

Intambo yokudweba yakudala ibukeka kanjena: emzimbeni kukhona ukugeleza okuyindilinga, okuboshwe ngokhuni lweplastiki, olunikeza ukunyakaza kwesibambo okuhamba ngezindlela ezihlukile, ngenkathi isango lingenakususwa emzimbeni kanjalo nje.

Uhlelo lokulawula igiya ludala: ukuhambisa isigwedlo segiya ohlangothini, kusetha induku emgodini, ogxile kusilayida. Ukuhambisa isibambo emuva naphambili, induku ihambisa isilayida semfoloko, esifaka amagiya, okungukuthi, igiya elidingekayo liyasebenza.

Ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili ezinenjini eguqukayo, indlela yokukhetha igiya itholakala ngaphansi kwe-hood, okusho ukuthi u-gearbox ulawulwa kude. 

Lo mklamo unohlelo lonke lokuxhumanisa ama-levers nezinduku, ekugcineni esizibiza nge- "rocker". Lapha umshayeli, ehambisa isibambo segiya, ngentambo ende noma ngentambo ephindwe kabili, ubeka indlela yokukhetha igiya ebekwe ngqo ezindlini zebhokisi lamagiya.

Izimpawu zamaphutha ngemuva kwesiteji

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-backstage inokwethenjelwa - umthelela oqhubekayo wemithwalo kuwo kanye ne-mileage ephelele, okungenani idinga ukulungiswa nokulungiswa komshini. Uma kungenjalo, ukuntuleka kokugcinwa kwe-backstage kuholela emiphumeleni engathandeki, ngendlela yokuhlehla okuqinile noma ukwehluleka okuphelele komhlangano wemishini. Izimpawu okungenzeka kakhulu:

• ukudlala i-lever (ukukhuphuka okukhulu);
• ubunzima buvela lapho kushintshwa amagiya (amagiya akhanyiswa nge-crunch, noma kudingeka umzamo omkhulu);
• akunakwenzeka ukuvula elinye lamagiya;
• ukufakwa okuyiphutha kwamagiya (esikhundleni se-1, 3 kuvuliwe, njll.).

Ukubuyela emuva cishe akukuthinti kabi ukusebenza kuka-gearbox uwonke, kepha ukunganaki umzuzwana onjalo kungekudala kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi ngesikhathi esingalungile ngeke usakwazi ukufaka amanye amagiya. Uma ukubuyela emuva kungasuswa ngesikhathi ngokulungiswa, kuzofanele ungene esikhundleni se-rocker Assembly.

Ukulungiswa kwe-gearbox rocker

Uma kuwena kungenzeka ukwenza ngokulungisa amaphiko, khona-ke lo msebenzi ungenziwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokulungisa isilayidi:

1. Ngo gear reverse. Sigudluza isibonisi segiya esikhaleni esibuyela emuva, lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhulula uqinisa kusixhumanisi sesiteji, bese sihambisa isigwedlo segiya endaweni yejubane ehlelekile eyamukelekayo nenethezekile kuwe. Manje silungisa ngokuphepha i-clamp.
2. Igiya lokuqala. Lapha isigwedlo sidluliselwa endaweni yokuqala yegiya, bese siphonsa uqinisa. Manje kuyadingeka ukushintshanisa i-rocker ukuze iphumule ngokumelene ne-bar gear yokukhiya ibha. Njengomthetho, i-rocker ijikeleza ngokwewashi.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi lezi zindlela ezingenhla zijwayelekile futhi zifanele izindlela zokukhetha amagiya we-design yakudala, ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokulungisa i-backstage emotweni yakho, kufanele ufunde idivayisi kanye nethuba lokulungisa i-backstage.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Luyini uhlangothi lwebhokisi lamagiya? Lena i-multi-link mechanism exhunywe ngayo i-lever ye-gearshift nenduku efakwe ebhokisini. I-rocker ingaphansi phansi kwemoto.

Ziyini i-backstage? Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-backstage: ejwayelekile (eyakhiwe umenzi we-automaker) kanye ne-short-stroke (ihlinzeka ngokunciphisa ukushaywa kwe-lever gearshift).

Lenzani ikhethini? Ngalo mshini ohlanganisa ama-multi-link, umshayeli uyakwazi ukushintsha amagiya ku-gearbox ngokwawo ngokususa i-lever ye-gearshift iye endaweni efanele.