Luyini udonsa emotweni nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona

Imoto ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukuhamba okunethezeka ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu kuya kwelinye, kodwa futhi nokuhambisa izimpahla ezahlukahlukene. Kunezimo lapho abanikazi bengenayo indawo eyanele yemithwalo noma bedinga ukudlulisa impahla engaphezulu. Indlela yokuphuma kuleli cala yi-trailer, esetshenziselwa ukubopha. Kumafreyimu ama-SUV namaloli, i-towbar ivame ukufakwa njengokujwayelekile. Ezimotweni zabagibeli, le nketho ifakwa ngokwehlukana.

Yini i-towbar

I-tow bar iyi-hitch yokudonsa ekhethekile (Hitch) esetshenziselwa ukugoqa nokudonsa ama-trailer.

Kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa ukuphakama kokudonsa ngezigaba ezimbili:

• Uhlobo lwaseMelika;
• Uhlobo lwaseYurophu.

Inketho yokugcina yiyona evame kakhulu ezweni lethu. Ngokwakhiwa kwayo, i-towbar yaseYurophu inezinto ezimbili eziyinhloko: ilungu lesiphambano kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwebhola (i-hook). Ilungu lesiphambano lifakwe emzimbeni noma kufreyimu ngentaba ekhethekile. Ilunga lebhola linamathiselwe noma lilungiswe kugongolo.

Ukubuka okuyisisekelo

Ngokuyinhloko, ama-towbars ahlukaniswa ngohlobo lokunamathiselwe. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. fixed noma ashiselwe;
2. isuswe;
3. flanged.

Ayisuseki

Lolu hlobo lwesibopho sokudonsa lubhekwa njengenketho ephelelwe yisikhathi, ngoba ayikho indlela yokuluqaqa ngokushesha. Igwegwe lebhola lifakwe kugongolo. Le nketho, yize ithembekile, ayisihle. Emazweni amaningi akuvunyelwe ukushayela nge-towbar ngaphandle kwe-trailer.

Isuswe

Ingasuswa lapho kudingeka futhi ibuye ifakwe ngokushesha. Ama-SUV wesimanjemanje nama-pickups anempahla efanayo yokudonsa evela efektri.

I-Flanged

Ama-towbars e-Flanged nawo angahlukaniswa njengasusekayo, kepha ahlukile ngohlobo lokunamathiselwe kwe-hook. Ifakwe kusetshenziswa ibhawodi (ukuphela) nokuxhuma okuvundlile. Intaba ibonakaliswa ngokuthembeka okuphezulu, ukuqina namandla okuphatha aphezulu. Ifanele ukuthutha impahla efinyelela kumathani ayi-3,5.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwebhola

Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo ngokuhlanganyela kwebhola, ezihlukaniswa ngamagama ezinhlamvu. Ake sihlaziye inketho ngayinye ngokwehlukana.

Thayipha "A"

Kushiwo isakhiwo esikhishwa ngaphansi kwemibandela. Ingwegwe ivikelwe ngezikulufo ezimbili. Isuswe ngama-wrenches. Idizayini ejwayelekile kakhulu ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo nokusebenziseka kalula. Ibekezelela imithwalo efinyelela ku-150 kg, isisindo esithuthwayo - amathani ayi-1,5.

Thayipha "B"

Lo mklamo ohlangene ovundlile. Kushiwo okususwayo nokuzenzakalelayo. Kulungiswe nge-nut ephakathi.

Thayipha "C"

I-hitch esheshayo etholakalayo, ingafakwa ngokubheka phezulu nangokuvundlile ngosizo lwephini lokukhiya elihamba phambili. Idizayini elula nethembekile.

Thayipha "E"

Uhlobo lwaseMelika lwe-towbar elinesikwele. Ibhola liyasuswa, liboshwe ngenathi.

Thayipha "F"

Lolu hlobo luvame ukusetshenziswa kumaSUV. Kusetshenziswa ibhola elakhiwe ngomgunyathi elinemibandela ethile, eliboshwa ngamabhawodi amabili e-M16. Kungenzeka ukusetha ngezikhundla eziningana, okukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ukuphakama.

Thayipha "G"

Idizayini enemibandela ekhiphekayo, ibhola elihlanganisiwe. Ifulelwe ngamabhawodi amane e-M12. Kunezinketho eziyisithupha zokuphakama kwe-bolt. Imvamisa isetshenziswa kumaSUV.

Thayipha "H"

Kubhekiswa kokungasuseki, ibhola lishiselwe kugongolo lokulungisa. Idizayini elula nethembekile, esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni ezikhiqizwa ekhaya.

Thayipha "V"

Kuyafana ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo "F" ne- "G", kepha kuyahluka ngokungabi bikho kokulungiswa kokuphakama.

Thayipha "N"

Ukuxhuma okune-hole okune-universal flange. Kunokulungiswa okuthathu, okwehluka ebangeni eliphakathi nezimbobo ezihlanganayo.

Futhi muva nje kuvele ama-towbars anamabhola ohlobo lwe-BMA. Ziyashesha kakhulu futhi kulula ukuqaqa. Kukhona nemibhoshongo engafihlwa kubhampa noma ngaphansi kohlaka. Ngokuvamile zifakwa ezimotweni zaseMelika.

Uhlobo lwethawula laseMelika

Lolu hlobo lwe-hitch towing luvelele esigabeni esehlukile, njengoba lunomklamo ohlukile kolunye. Iqukethe izinto ezine:

1. Ugongolo oluqinile lwensimbi noma ifreyimu inyukela emzimbeni noma ngaphansi kukabhampa wangemuva.
2. "Isikwele" noma "umamukeli" unamathiselwe kufreyimu. Lo ngumgodi okhethekile okhuphukayo ongaba nesigaba esihlukile sokuphambana, ukuma nosayizi wesikwele noma unxande. Ubukhulu bocande bungu-50,8x15,9 mm, wesikwele - uhlangothi ngalunye luyi-31,8 mm, 50,8 mm noma u-63,5 mm.
3. Ngosizo lokhiye okhethekile noma i-welding, ubakaki ufakwe esikweleni sokulungisa.
4. Kakade kubakaki, izibopho eziboshelwe ibhola. Ibhola liyasuswa, liboshwe ngenathi, futhi lingaba ngamadayimitha ahlukene.

Ubuhle benguqulo yaseMelika ukuthi ubakaki ukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe kalula ububanzi bebhola futhi ulungise ukuphakama.

Umthetho wezomthetho eRussia

Abashayeli abaningi banesifiso sokuthi ngabe kuyadingeka yini ukubhalisa itawula emaphoyiseni omgwaqo nokuthi yisiphi isijeziso esilindele ukufakwa okungekho emthethweni?

Kumele ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-hitch kunguquko eyakhayo kudivayisi yemoto. Kukhona uhlu olukhethekile lwezinguquko zokwakha ezingadingi ukuthi zivunyelwe ngamaphoyisa omgwaqo. Lolu hlu lubandakanya ne-hitch, kepha ngezinye izincazelo. Ukwakheka kwemoto kumele kuchaze ukufakwa kwethayela. Okusho ukuthi, imoto kufanele yakhelwe ukufakwa kwebha yokudonsa. Iningi lezimoto zinenketho yefektri.

Ukubhaliswa kwe-TSU

Ukugwema ukujeza okungenzeka, umshayeli kumele abe nemibhalo elandelayo:

1. Isitifiketi sethawula. Ngokuthenga noma iyiphi i-towbar esitolo esikhethekile, kukhishwa isitifiketi sokuhambisana nayo. Lo ngumbhalo oqinisekisa amazinga ekhwalithi acaciswe ngumenzi. Lo mbhalo uphinde uqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizo uphase izivivinyo ezidingekayo.

2. Umbhalo ovela esikhungweni semoto esiqinisekisiwe. Ukufakwa kwe-TSU kufanele kwenziwe ezikhungweni ezikhethekile zezimoto ezikhipha isitifiketi esifanele. Lesi sitifiketi (noma ikhophi) siqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomsebenzi owenziwe ukufaka umkhiqizo. Idokhumenti kufanele iqinisekiswe ngophawu.

Uma imoto isivele ifakwe emotweni ethengiwe, kuzodingeka futhi uthinte isikhungo sezimoto esikhethekile, esizokwenza ukuxilongwa futhi sikhiphe isitifiketi. Izindleko zensizakalo cishe zingama-ruble ayi-1.

Uma imoto ingakhelwanga ukusebenzisa i-tow bar

Uma umshini ungakhelwanga ukufaka i-trailer hitch evela efektri, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuyifaka ngokwakho, kepha udinga ukwenza lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Thenga i-towbar ngesitifiketi.
2. Faka umkhiqizo esikhungweni semoto.
3. Phasa ukuhlolwa emaphoyiseni omgwaqo ukwenza izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwemoto. Ngokulandelayo, amaphoyisa omgwaqo azothumela umshayeli esikhungweni sezimoto ukuze ahlolwe.
4. Qopha ushintsho kuzinga lobuchwepheshe ne-PTS kuzinguquko ekwakhiweni kwemoto.

Uyacelwa ukuthi wazi ukuthi ukufaka i-towbar ngokwakho kungathinta iwaranti yefekthri yemoto.

Inhlawulo yokufaka engekho emthethweni

Ekuphulweni kokuqala kwethawula okungekho emthethweni, umhloli angakhipha isexwayiso. Ngokwephula okulandelayo, inhlawulo yama-ruble angama-500 ikhonjiswa ngokuya nge-Article 12.5 Part 1 ye-Administrative Code.

I-towbar yinto edingeka ngempela uma usebenzisa i-trailer. Lapho uthenga, kubalulekile ukunaka ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukuhambisana kwawo namazinga nemoto. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kubhekwe isisindo esiphezulu sezimpahla esingasisekela. Futhi, umshayeli kufanele abe nezitifiketi nemibhalo ethile yemoto ukuze agweme ukujeza okungenzeka.