Uyini umboko?

I-Capa

I-trunnion iyingxenye ye-shaft kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-shaft lapho i-bearing, noma ama-bearings amaningana, abekwe khona. Iqupha lokuqondisa lifakwe kuma-axle angaphambili nangemuva. Kunezinguqulo eziningi ze-trunnion, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokumiswa, ama-alloys ahlukene asetshenziswa. Okulandelayo, cabangela i-knuckle yokuqondisa kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.

Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi ye-Trunnion

Njengoba i-trunnion ihlale ingaphansi komthwalo osindayo, ngisho nalapho umshini umile, kufanele wenziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu neziqinile. Ukuze kwenziwe le ngxenye, i-cast iron ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa, ngoba le nsimbi, nakuba inamandla, i-brittle. Ama-trunnions enziwe ngohlobo lwensimbi engu-35KhGSA ngendlela yokuphonsa.

Le nsimbi yakhiwe:

• Ikhabhoni. Lesi sici sinikeza i-alloy yensimbi ngezakhiwo zensimbi, futhi amandla anikezwa ngemva kokwelashwa kokushisa.
• Isibabule ne-phosphorus. Ubuningi bazo bulawulwa ngokuqinile, ngoba ukweqisa kwabo kwenza insimbi ibe brittle esithwathwa.
• i-silicon ne-manganese. Zengezwe ngokukhethekile ensimbi ngesikhathi sokuncibilika futhi zidlala indima ye-deoxidizer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlinzeka ngokungathathi hlangothi kwesibabule.

Ezinye izinhlobo zamaknuckles okuqondisa zenziwe ngensimbi ephezulu ye-alloy noma i-carbon steel. Kulokhu, ingxenye ihlala isikhathi eside, inokuphila okukhulayo okusebenzayo, okunomthelela omuhle ekuphepheni kwemoto, eqhutshwa ezimweni ezinzima. Ukungalungi kwe-alloyed noma i-carbon steel yizindleko zayo eziphezulu, ngakho-ke i-steel grade 35 HGSA inamandla anele (ngenxa yokwelashwa okushisa).

Idivayisi yeTrunnion

Ngokuvamile, i-trunnion yenziwa ngensimbi ye-alloy, i-iron iron ne-aluminium. Isidingo esikhulu somkhiqizo amandla nekhono lokumelana nemithwalo yokushaqeka. Ubuchopho bezindonga ezisebenzayo, ngaphandle kwalawo aluminium, lapho alimale, aqhuma, okusho ukuthi ngeke zilungiswe.

Ukugoba okugoqiwe kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu:

• ukumiswa kokuzimela okuzimele kwangaphambili;
• kwe-axle engemuva engemuva yokuzimela;
• ukumiswa kokuzimela okuzimele okungemuva.

I-axle yangaphambili

I-trunnion lapha ibizwa ngokuthi i-knuckle knuckle yekhono lokujika amasondo. I-knuckle ine-axle ye-tapered bear noma i-hub bore hole. Kunamathiselwe ekumisweni ngezindlela zokuhlangana kwebhola lezinyawo:

• ukumiswa okwesikhashana kwe-wishbone (VAZ 2101-2123, "Moskvich") trunnion inamathele kwizimbambo zombili ngokubekwa kwebhola eliphansi nangaphezulu;
• ekumiselweni kohlobo lweMacPherson, ingxenye engezansi yenqobelo inamathiselwe ngebhola kuye ku-lever, engxenyeni engenhla ihlinzeka ngokunamathiselwe kwi-absorber ye-shock, ebanjwa ukusekelwa engilazini yomzimba.

Phakathi kokunye, izimbobo noma ama-bipods anikezwa ku-trunnion wokufaka ithipeni yokuqondisa, ngenxa yokuthi amasondo akwaziyo ukujika ngomzamo esondweni lokuqondisa.

I-axle yangemuva

Idolo lokumiswa ngemuva linokuguqulwa okuhlukile:

• ukuze ugongolo (ukumiswa okuzimele), isiqu sinezimbobo eziningana zokunamathisela ugongolo, i-axle yesikhungo sehabhu nentambo yokunameka ethwele isondo. I-trunnion inamathiselwe ugongolo, iyunithi lesikhuthi licindezelwa kwi-axle ye-trunnion, bese liboshwe nge-nati ephakathi;
• ngokumiswa okuzimele, kunikezwe umdwebo womklamo ofanayo nalowo ekumiselweni kwangaphambili. Isigaxa esisodwa noma ngaphezulu sinamathiselwe ngenqindi; kukhona futhi ukuguqulwa (i-aluminium trunnion), lapho kucindezelwa khona ibhulokhi ethule. Imvamisa, ukuthwala akuxinwa ku-knuckle engemuva; esikhundleni salokho, iyunithi lehabhu linamathele ngama-bolts ama-4 noma ama-5.

Impilo YeTrunnion Nezimbangela Zokuqhekeka

Impilo yenkonzo ye-knuckle eqondiswayo yenzelwe ukusebenza kwayo yonke imoto. Ukwehluleka komcibisholo kungaba ezimweni eziningana:

• Ingozi, lapho, ngomthelela onamandla, ukumiswa kukhubazeka nokuqhekeka kwenqindi;
• ukungena emgodini ojulile ngejubane elikhulu, ngezibhakela ze-aluminium, kuholela ekuguqukeni kwazo, okusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqinisa ukuqondanisa kwesondo;
• ukugqokwa kwesihlalo esinamasondo, kuphakama ngenxa yokushayela isikhathi eside nge-wheel wheel nati, kanye nokusebenza kwemoto ephethe iphutha elinamandla (ukuqina kwe-backlash okuqinile kudala ukungqubuzana okuqinile nokudlidliza).

Kuqabukela kakhulu ukuthi kuqhamuke izimo lapho kuba nentuthuko ezihlalweni ezingaphansi kwephini lokuqondisa nomunwe ohlanganisiwe webhola. Kulesi simo, ukuqiniswa okuqinile akusizi, ukugoba kusabambekile “ezindlebeni” zenqindi, kuyilapho kuvinjelwe ukusebenza kwemoto.

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle

Udinga ukunaka isimo se-knuckle yokuqondisa uma:

• Lapho ephenduka, kwaba nokungqongqoza okuvela esondweni;
• Ihabhu lamasondo linomdlalo wokudlala;
• Ngenkathi ushayela, ngisho nasemigodini emincane, ukungqongqoza kuzwakala ngokucacile.

Uma izimpawu ezinjalo zivela, kungcono ukuxhumana nesevisi ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuhlonza izinkinga nge-trunnion, lo mhlangano uzodinga ukuhlakazwa (uhlakaze zonke izakhi zezinhlelo ezixhunywe esibhakeleni). Amanye amaphutha (ukwenyuka kokugqokwa kwendawo) angabonakala ngokubona.

Ungangena kanjani esikhundleni?

Ukushintsha i-trunnion kuyinqubo ekhandlayo. Ake sicabangele izinketho ezimbalwa.

Ingalo yangaphambili

Ukuze ungene esikhundleni se-knuckle, amasondo wesondo noma umhlangano kufanele ushintshwe ngokushesha. Ngaphambi kokuqeda amandla, kubalulekile ukusikhipha ngokushesha isidlo sasemuva sehabhu (ingalo ende iyadingeka), futhi nokuklebhula amantongomane okuvikela izinhlwayi zebhola, ithiphu yokuqondisa. Ngemuva kokuthi isondo likhishwe, lisuswe. Ukuphela kwenduku yokubopha kungokwokuqala ukukhipha, ngenxa yalokhu trunnion izungeza ngokukhululeka. Okulandelayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwebhola kuyachithwa (uma idrayivu ingaphambili, ukususwa kokuthuthumela kuyasuswa) bese inqindi lisuswa. Kubalulekile ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwamajoyinti nge- "wrench fluid", ngoba ukumiswa kwamabolishi namantongomane kuvame ukubuyisa. Isiwombe sigcinwe ngokulandelana okuphambene.

Isinqe sangasemuva

Uma ukumiswa kuzimele, umgomo wokuqedelwa kanye nokusebenza komhlangano uyafana. Ngokuthola i-axle yogongolo oluncike kokulingana, kwanele ukukhipha isondo, bese usula izimbotshana ezi-4 ezivikela isibhakela. Uma ushiya ihabhu elidala, kufanele licindezelwe ngaphandle, kepha lokhu kungenzeka nge-puller ehlomile emithathu noma umshini we-hydraulic. Lapho ufaka i-trunnion entsha, amabhele asheshayo kumele abe masisha, uqiniseke ukuthi aphathwa ngegrisi yethusi. 

Ngemuva kokufaka i-knuckle entsha, qiniseka ukuthi ulungisa ukuthwala futhi unikeze ihabhu unit ngegrisi eyanele. 

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Nansi ividiyo emfushane lapho, kusetshenziswa i-Dacia Logan njengesibonelo, ikhombisa ukuthi i-trunnion ishintsha kanjani:

Ukushintsha i-trunnion (iqupha lokuqondisa) iRenault Logan

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini i-trunnion? Kuma-asi amile, i-trunnion ivikela ukuthwala kosekelo kanye ne-shaft ukuze umthwalo we-eksisi uncishiswe. Emasondweni angaphambili, le ngxenye ihlanganisa izakhi ze-chassis, ukumiswa kanye ne-braking system. Kulokhu, i-trunnion (noma i-knuckle knuckle) ivumela ngasikhathi sinye ukulungisa ngokuqinile ukuxhaswa kwehabhu futhi ngasikhathi sinye akuphazamisi ukujikeleza kwamasondo.

Yini umagazini wehabhu? Le yingxenye ye-ekseli lapho kugxilwa khona okugxile. Icindezelwa ihabhu, lapho isondo lisebenza khona. On ezingemuva oluvala asi oluqinile, le element is ngokuqinile fixed esimweni umile. Endabeni yamasondo angaphambili, i-trunnion ibizwa nge-knuckle knuckle, enomklamo ohluke kancane.