Inhloso nomgomo wokusebenza kwemiphini yokulinganisa yenjini

Elinye igama elingatholakala kwi-encyclopedia yezobuchwepheshe yomshayeli ishaft yokulinganisa. Cabanga ukuthi kuyini ukwahluka kwale ngxenye yenjini, ukuthi isebenza ngasiphi isimiso, nokuthi hlobo luni lokungasebenzi kahle.

Yini amabhalansi?

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini yokudonsa yangaphakathi, umshini we crank udala ukunyakaza ngaphakathi kwesilinda block. Ukwakheka crankshafts ejwayelekile kuhlanganisa izakhi ezikhethekile - counterweights. Inhloso yabo ukucisha amandla angenawo amandla avela ngenxa yokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.

Akuwona wonke ama-motors anokwanele kwalezi zingxenye ukunciphisa amandla e-inertia, ngenxa yokuthi yikuphi ukuthwala nezinye izinto ezibalulekile zophiko lwamandla zehluleka ngokushesha. Imishayo yebhalansi ifakiwe njengengxenye eyengeziwe.

Njengoba igama libonisa, le ngxenye yenzelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokulinganisa kahle emotweni. Babamba i-inertia eyeqile ne-vibrate. Imiphini enjalo ibaluleke kakhulu kusukela kwafika izinjini ezinamandla amakhulu ngevolumu yamalitha amabili noma ngaphezulu.

Ngokuya ngokuguqulwa, kudingeka i-balancer shaft yayo. Izinhlobo ezahlukene shaft zisetshenziselwa i-inline, boxer kanye ne-V-motors. Ngenkathi uhlobo ngalunye lwemoto lunezinzuzo zalo, alukho olungasusa ngokuphelele vibration.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwemiphini yokulinganisa yenjini

Imicu yokulinganisa iyizindonga zensimbi eziqinile ze-cylindrical. Afakwe ngamabili ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-crankshaft. Zixhunywe komunye nomunye zisebenzisa amagiya. Lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, imigqa ibuye ijikeleze, kuphela ezindaweni eziphambene futhi ngejubane eliphakeme.

Imiphini elinganiselayo inama-eccentrics, futhi amagiya okushayela aneziphethu. Lezi zinto zenzelwe ukunxephezela i-inertia eyenzeka kugiya lokulawula. Ama-balancers aqhutshwa yi-crankshaft. I-shafts ihlala ijikeleza kolunye uhlangothi kusuka komunye nomunye.

Lezi zingxenye zifakwe ku-injini crankcase yokugcwala okungcono. Zizungeza ngamabhere (inaliti noma ukuslayida). Ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo mshini, izingxenye zenjini azigqoki kangako ngenxa yemithwalo eyengeziwe evela ekudlidlizeni.

Izinhlobo zeDrayivu

Njengoba imisele yokulinganisa yenzelwe ukulinganisa i-crankshaft, umsebenzi wabo kumele uhambisane nale ngxenye yephiko. Ngalesi sizathu, axhunyiwe kudrayivu yesikhathi.

Ukuze unciphise ukunyakaza okushintshashintshayo, igiya ye-balancer shaft drive ineziphethu. Vumela idrayivu ukuthi ijikeleze i-axis kancane, inikeze isiqalo esihle sokuhamba kwensiza.

Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa ibhande elijwayelekile le-drive noma i-chain efakwe emotweni. Ukushayela kweGear akuvamile kakhulu. Kukhona futhi ukuguqulwa okuhlanganisiwe. Kuzo, imiphini iqhutshwa yibhande lamazinyo no-gearbox.

Kuzo izinjini kusetshenziswa imishayo yokulinganisa

Ngokokuqala ngqa, iMitsubishi yaqala ukufaka imiphini yokulinganisa ezinjini. Kusukela ngo-1976 lobu buchwepheshe bubizwa nge-Silent Shaft. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kuhlonyiswe ikakhulukazi ngamayunithi wamandla aku-inthanethi (ukuguqulwa kwe-4-cylinder kuthinteka kakhulu emandleni we-inertial).

Ama-motor anejubane elinamandla amakhulu nawo adinga izinto ezinjalo. Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinjini ze-dizili yangaphakathi zokuhlanganisa.

Uma phambilini lobu buchwepheshe babusetshenziswa ngabakhiqizi baseJapan, okwamanje kunezimoto zaseYurophu ezinesistimu yemiphini ethule.

Ukulinganisa Ukulungiswa Komgodi

Njenganoma iyiphi enye indlela eyinkimbinkimbi, i-shaft drive elinganiselayo nayo ingahluleka. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokugqoka okungokwemvelo kwamabhere kanye nezingxenye zegiye, ngoba babhekene nemithwalo esindayo.

Lapho i-shaft block ingasetshenziswa, ihambisana nokubonakala kokudlidliza nomsindo. Kwesinye isikhathi amagiya edrayivu ayavalwa ngenxa yokwephuka ophule futhi aphule ibhande (noma iketanga). Uma ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisele yokulinganisa kutholakele, kunendlela eyodwa yokuqothula - ukufaka esikhundleni izinto ezonakalisiwe.

Lo mshini unomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kwawo kuzodingeka ukhokhe inani elifanele (umsebenzi kufanele wenziwe kuphela esikhungweni sesevisi, noma ngabe ususa ingxenye engasasebenzi ufake entsha). Ngalesi sizathu, lapho i-shaft block ihluleka, imane isuswe emotweni bese izimbobo zivalwa ngama-plugs afanele.

Lokhu, yiqiniso, kufanele kube yisilinganiso esedlulele, ngoba ukungabikho kwabaxhasi be-vibration kuholela ekungalingani emotweni. Njengoba abanye abashayeli abasebenzisa le ndlela beqinisekisa, ukudlidlizela okungenayo i-shaft block akunzima kangako ukuvuma ukulungiswa okubizayo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, i-Powertrain is ngokuya iba buthakathaka (amandla angehla aye ku-15 amandla wehhashi).

Lapho ethatha isinqumo sokudiliza iyunithi, umshayeli kumele aqonde ngokucacile ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwemoto kungathinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwawo. Futhi lokhu kungaholela emuva ekuguqukeni okukhulu kwenjini yokuhlanganisa ngaphakathi.

Ukulinganisa Ukusebenza Shaft

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isizathu esiyinhloko sokwehluleka kwezihlanza ze-balancer ukugqabhuka okuvamile nokuklebhula. Kodwa umshayeli angathatha izinyathelo eziningana ezizokwandisa impilo yale ndlela.

1. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukugwema ukushayela ngolaka. I-unit ebukhali esebenza ngogesi iyasebenza, ngokushesha amagiya omgodi azokwehluleka. Ngendlela, lokhu kusebenza nasisindweni sezinye izingxenye zemoto.
2. Isinyathelo sesibili isevisi efike ngesikhathi. Ukushintsha okokuhlunga kawoyela newoyela kuzohlinzeka ngokugcwala okuphezulu kwazo zonke izinto zokuxhumana, futhi ukufaka ibhande le-drive entsha (noma iketanga) kuzovumela amagiya ukuthi ajikeleze ngaphandle kwemithwalo eyengeziwe.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iyini i-Balance Shaft? Lawa ama-cylindrical metal rods afakwa nhlangothi zombili ze-crankshaft futhi axhunywe ngamagiya. Azungeza abheke kolunye uhlangothi ekujikelezweni kwe-crankshaft.

Ungasusa kanjani i-balance shaft? Ibhande lesikhathi liyasuswa - ibhande le-balancer. Khona-ke wonke ama-pulleys avuliwe - i-pallet isusiwe - iphampu yamafutha. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-balancers ayahlakazwa.

Uthini umphini? Imunca inertia eyeqile ku-crankshaft. Lokhu kunciphisa ukudlidliza kumotho. Lesi sakhi sifakwe kumayunithi anamandla anevolumu yamalitha amabili noma ngaphezulu.