Kusho ukuthini ukumakwa kwamalambu emoto?

Ikhodi yeyunithi yesibani ngokuya ngezinga lomhlaba jikelele ikhombisa zonke izici zokukhanya. Ukumaka kuvumela umshayeli ukuba akhethe kahle futhi ngokushesha ingxenye eseceleni, athole uhlobo lwamalambu asetshenziswe ngaphandle kwesampula, futhi aqhathanise nonyaka wokwenziwa kwengxenye nonyaka wokwenza imoto ukuqinisekisa ingozi engaqondile.

Yini ukufakwa ilebula nokuthi kusho ukuthini

Okokuqala, ukumaka kusibani sekhanda kusiza umshayeli ukuthi anqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwama-bulb olungafakwa esikhundleni salolo olushile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilebula liqukethe inani elikhulu lemininingwane eyengeziwe: kusukela ngonyaka wokwenziwa kuya ezweni lesitifiketi, kanye nemininingwane yokuhambisana namazinga.

Ngokwezinga lamazwe omhlaba jikelele (i-UNECE Regulations N99 / GOST R41.99-99), imishini ye-optical efakwe ezimotweni ezinamasondo (izimoto) kumele imakwe ngokwesampula evunyiwe.

Ikhodi, equkethe izinhlamvu zamagama esiLatini, inquma lonke ulwazi mayelana nokukhanya kwemoto:

• uhlobo lwezibani ezihloselwe ukufakwa kuyunithi ethile;
• imodeli, inguqulo nokuguqulwa;
• isigaba;
• imingcele yokukhanyisa;
• ukuqondiswa kokukhanya okukhanyayo (ohlangothini lwesokudla nolwesobunxele);
• izwe elikhiphe isitifiketi sokuhambisana;
• usuku lokwenziwa ngalo.

Ngaphezu kwezinga lamazwe omhlaba, ezinye izinkampani, isibonelo, uHella noKoito, zisebenzisa ukumakwa ngakunye lapho kunqunywa khona imingcele yemishini eyengeziwe. Yize izindinganiso zabo zingangqubuzani nemithetho yamazwe omhlaba.

Ukumakwa kuyancibilika ekukhanyeni kwepulasitiki bese kwenziwa kabili ngemuva kwecala ngaphansi kwesigqoko ngesitikha. Isitika esivikelekile asinakususwa futhi sifakwe kabusha komunye umkhiqizo ngaphandle kokulimala, ngakho-ke i-optics esezingeni eliphansi kaningi ayinakho ukumaka okugcwele.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko

Ukumaka kusetshenziselwa ukuthi umshayeli noma uchwepheshe akwazi ukuthola ngokushesha imininingwane mayelana ne-optics esetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuyasiza lapho imodeli efanayo emazingeni e-trim ehlukene ifakwe ukulungiswa okukhanyayo okuningana.

Ukumiswa

Uhlamvu lokuqala kule khodi lukhombisa ukuhambisana kokukhanya neqophelo lekhwalithi lesifunda esithile.

Incwadi u-E ikhombisa ukuthi isibani esikhulu sihlangabezana nezindinganiso zemishini yokukhanya ezamukelwe izimoto zaseYurophu nezaseJapan.

I-SAE, i-DOT - Ikhombisa ukuthi isibani esikhulu sihlangabezana nezinga le-American Technical Inspectorate le-optics yezimoto e-United States.

Inombolo engemuva kwencwadi yokuqala ikhombisa izwe lokwenziwa noma izwe elikhiphe imvume yokusebenzisa lesi sigaba se-optics. Isitifiketi semvume siqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemodeli ethile ezosetshenziswa emigwaqeni yomphakathi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yezindlela ezisunguliwe (amalambu asebenza emini, ugongolo olukhulu, ugongolo olufakiwe. Njll.).

Ithebula elingezansi linikeza uhlu olufushane lokufana kwezwe.

Idijithi yekhodi	izwe	Idijithi yekhodi	izwe
1	Germany	12	Austria
2	France	16	Norway
3	Italy	17	Finland
4	Netherlands	18	Denmark
5	Sweden	20	Poland
7	Hungary	21	Portugal
8	Czech Republic	22	ERussia
9	Spain	25	Croatia
11	Великобритания	29	Belarus

Ekumakeni kwamalambu emoto aphesheya kwezilwandle, izinhlanganisela ezilandelayo zezimpawu zamukelwa, ezinquma uhlobo nendawo yokufakwa kweyunithi yokukhanya, izibani zamakilasi, uhla lwamalambu, amandla we-flux.

Ngokuya ngamapharamitha wokusebenza nokusebenza, ama-optics amakwa ngezimpawu:

• A - ikhanda yokukhanya;
• B - izibani zenkungu;
• L - ukukhanyiswa kwepuleti lelayisense;
• C - isibani sesibani sesigaxa sebhonji esicwilisiwe;
• RL - amalambu asebenza emini;
• R - block for high izibani ugongolo.

Uma iyunithi le-headlamp lihamba ngaphansi kwezibani zomhlaba wonke ngokushintshela okuhlanganisiwe kugongolo oluphakeme / oluphansi, izinhlanganisela ezilandelayo zisetshenziswa kukhodi:

1. HR - ugongolo oluphakeme kufanele lunikezwe ngesibani se-halogen.
2. I-HC / HR - isibani esikhulu senzelwe ama-halogen, iyunithi inamamojula amabili (abanikazi) bamalambu kagongqo aphansi futhi aphezulu. Uma lolu phawu lwe-HC / HR lusetshenziswa kukhanya lomkhiqizi waseJapan, khona-ke lingaguqulwa ukuze lisebenzise amalambu e-xenon.

Ukumaka uhlobo lwelambu

Izibani zezimoto zinezinga elihlukile lokushisa, ukuhanjiswa kwesigxobo sokukhanya, amandla athile. Ukusebenza okulungile, udinga ama-diffusers, amalensi neminye imishini eza nokukhanya okuthile.

Kuze kube ngu-2010, kwakungavunyelwe eRussia Federation ukufaka amalambu e-xenon kumalambu aklanyelwe i-halogen. Manje ukuguqulwa okunjalo kuvunyelwe, kepha kufanele kunikezwe kusengaphambili ngumenzi, noma kuqinisekiswe yimizimba ekhethekile.

Ukuthola umbono onembile wepharamitha yesibani, kusetshenziswa inhlanganisela:

1. I-HCR - isibani esisodwa se-halogen sifakiwe kuleyunithi, esihlinzeka ngokukhanyisa okuphezulu naphansi.
2. CR - ilambu lamalambu ejwayelekile e-incandescent. Kubhekwa njengesidala futhi kungatholakala ezimotweni ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi.
3. DC, DCR, DR - ukumakwa kwamazwe omhlaba kwamalambu e-xenon, lawo wonke ama-OEM anamathela kuwo. Incwadi D ikhombisa ukuthi i-headlamp ifakwe i-reflector ehambisanayo nama-lens.

   Izibani zenkungu ezinekhodi HC, HR, HC / R azakhelwanga i-xenon. Kubuye kwenqatshelwe ukufaka i-xenon ekukhanyeni kwangemuva.

4. I-PL ukumaka okungeziwe okukhombisa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhombi sepulasitiki kuyunithi le-headlamp.

Inhlanganisela yekhodi eyengeziwe ukukhombisa izici zokukhanya:

• I-DC / DR - i-xenon headlight enamamojula amabili.
• I-DCR - ibanga elide xenon.
• DC - xenon ugongolo ongaphakeme.

Esinamathweni, uvame ukubona umcibisholo kanye nesethi yezimpawu ukukhomba indlela ohamba ngayo:

• I-LHD - ukushayela kwesokunxele.
• I-RHD - IDrayivu Yesandla Sokudla.

Unquma kanjani i-LED

Imishini elayisensi yamalambu e-LED ibhalwe ukuthi yi-HCR kule khodi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke amalensi nama-reflectors kwizibani zeqhwa zezimoto anophawu lwe-LED oluhlanganisiwe.

Idizayini yesibani se-headlight yama-diode yehlukile kumabhulokhi wezibani ze-halogen ezintweni zokwenziwa. Ama-diode anezinga lokushisa eliphansi lokushisa uma kuqhathaniswa nama-halogen, futhi uma ama-LED engahlonyiswa nge-headlight eyenzelwe i-xenon ne-halogen, ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-reverse akunconyiwe, ngoba izibani ze-halogen zinokushisa okuphezulu okushisa.

Ngaphezu kwezinhlamvu nezinombolo, kukhona uphawu lomkhiqizo ekumakeni ilambu lemoto. Kungaba wuphawu lokuhweba noma inhlanganisela ejwayelekile ye- “Made in…”.

Amalambu asebenza emini awakamakiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwezibani zamandla athile nesigaba kulawulwa ku-SDA.

Ukumakwa kokulwa nokweba

Izimpawu zokulwa nokweba emalambini ziyikhodi ehlukile ehlukile. Yakhelwe ukunciphisa ukwebiwa kwe-optics emotweni, izindleko zayo eziphakeme kakhulu kumamodeli we-premium.

Kusetshenziswa ngokuqoshwa ezindlini ezikhanyayo noma i-lens. Imininingwane elandelayo ingabhalwa ngekhodi kukhodi:

• Ikhodi ye-VIN yemoto;
• ingxenye yenombolo ye-serial;
• Imodeli yemoto;
• usuku lokukhiqiza, njll.

Uma lungekho uphawu olunjalo, lungasetshenziswa ngumthengisi wakho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngedivayisi ekhethekile kusetshenziswa ukuqoshwa kwe-laser.

Ividiyo ewusizo

Bheka imininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi ungakuthola kanjani futhi kuphi ukumakwa kwesibani kuvidiyo engezansi:

Ukumaka i-headlight kuyindlela elula yokuthola lonke ulwazi ngemithombo yokukhanya esetshenziswe emotweni ethile, ukufaka esikhundleni esifanele ama-bulb, kanye nokuthola ilambu elisha lokukhanyisa eliphukile.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini okufanele ibhalwe ekukhanyeni kwe-xenon? Isibani sekhanda esiklanyelwe i-halogen simakwe ngo-H, futhi inguqulo okungafakwa kuyo i-xenon imakwe ngokuthi D2S, DCR, DC, D.

Yiziphi izinhlamvu ezisemalambuni e-xenon? D - izibani ze-xenon. C - ukukhanya okuphansi. R - insimbi ephezulu. Ekumakeni kwesibani sekhanda, kuphela izimpawu eziphansi ze-beam zingatholakala, futhi mhlawumbe kanye ne-beam ephakeme.

Ungathola kanjani ukuthi yimaphi ama-bulbs ezibani zangaphambili? Umaki we-C/R usetshenziselwa ukukhombisa i-beam ephansi / ephezulu. Ama-halogen akhonjwa ngohlamvu H, i-xenon - D ngokuhlanganiswa nezinhlamvu ezihambisanayo zobubanzi bemishayo.