Kukangaki ukushintsha ama-spark plug? Impilo yesevisi enwetshiwe
Noma yimuphi umshayeli unentshisekelo embuzweni: ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani i-spark plug ngokwesilinganiso? Ayikho impendulo eqondile, ngoba impilo yesevisi incike ezintweni eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhandlela lingahlala lisebenza, kodwa igebe phakathi kwama-electrode liyakhula. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, inhlansi izoba buthakathaka kakhulu futhi ngeke ikwazi ukuthungela ingxube ye-fuel-air. Ngenxa yalokho, injini "izohamba", okungukuthi, kuzoba nezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwesilinda esisodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuwuphawu olucacile lokuthi kukhona okumele kuguquke.
Kungosi yethu ye-Vodi.su, sake sabhala izihloko mayelana nokumaka amakhandlela kanye nokukhetha kwabo okulungile. Esihlokweni sanamuhla, sizobhekana nombuzo wempilo yabo yenkonzo.
Ukusebenza komsebenzi
Khumbula ukuthi okwamanje kukhona ukukhethwa okukhulu kwamakhandlela. Okokuqala, ziyahlukahluka endabeni yokukhiqiza:
- insimbi engamelana nokushisa (ithusi, i-chromium, i-nickel);
- i-iridium;
- iplatinum;
- i-bimetallic - izingxenye eziyinhloko nezisebenzayo zenziwe ngezinsimbi ezahlukene noma ama-alloys.
Ziphinde zihlukaniswe ngenani lama-electrode kanye nendlela yokushisa ingxube: ama-electrode amabili noma amaningi. Kukhona futhi amakhandlela ethoshi kanye ne-plasma-prechamber, lapho ukuthungela kwenzeka khona ngenxa yokuvela kwenhlansi evela ku-cone resonator. Zibhekwa njengezingcono kakhulu futhi ezintsha kakhulu, nakuba kukhona abashayeli bezimoto abazothi lokhu akulona neze iqiniso.
Ngakho-ke, impilo yesevisi incike ezintweni ezikhiqizwayo kanye nendlela yokudubula. Amakhandlela e-Platinum ne-iridium multi-electrode, ngokusho kwabakhiqizi, awadingi ukushintshwa ngaphezu kwe-100 km. gijima. Kunoma yisiphi isiteshi sesevisi, bazokutshela ukuthi ngisho namakhandlela anjalo athuthukile adinga ukushintshwa ngemva kwezinkulungwane ezingama-20. Uma unamakhandlela ashibhile esitshalweni sase-Ufa, awahambi ngaphezu kwe-10 km.
"Izimpawu" zamapulaki e-spark agugile
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuxilonga ukuhlola okubukwayo. Ukuba khona kwe-soot kusiketi kanye ne-insulator kubonisa izinkinga. Usho ziphi? Iwebhusayithi yethu i-Vodi.su ine-athikili ekhuluma nge-soot, engaba nemithunzi ehlukene: ensundu, ebomvu, emnyama. Kodwa ukuze ukhulule amakhandlela ku-cylinder block yemoto yesimanje, kufanele uchithe isikhathi ukhala nge-wrench yamakhandlela. Futhi akulona iqiniso ukuthi bese uqinisa amakhandlela ngendlela efanele. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli banake izimpawu ezinikezwa injini:
- ukwehluleka emsebenzini, imoto inyakaza ngesivinini esiphansi, izitebhisi ngegiya elingathathi hlangothi - inhlansi igxuma ngokungalingani kumapiston ngamanye;
- ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli - ngenxa yenhlansi ebuthakathaka, ingxube ayishisi ngokuphelele;
- ukwehla kwamandla nokucindezelwa.
Yiqiniso, imoto yesimanje iyisimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi lezi zimpawu zingabonisa nokunye ukuphuka nokungasebenzi kahle, njengezinkinga zepompo lomjovo, isistimu yokuthungela umlilo, noma isihlungi somoya esivalekile.
Uma unquma ukukhulula amakhandlela futhi uwacabange ngokucophelela, khona-ke amaqiniso alandelayo abonisa isidingo sokushintshwa:
- igebe elikhulayo - kuye ngohlobo, akufanele libe ngaphezu kwamamilimitha ambalwa (khumbula ukuthi igebe liboniswa ekumaka);
- ukuba khona kwe-soot;
- ukuba khona kwemifantu ku-insulator ye-ceramic;
- ukwakheka "kwesiketi" sombala onsundu.
Naka leli phuzu: uma i-soot ifana kuwo wonke amakhandlela, lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthungela okusethiwe ngokungalungile. Uma umbala wayo uhlukile noma kukhona i-carbon deposits kwelinye lamakhandlela, khona-ke idinga ukushintshwa. Noma, uma i-mileage iphezulu, ungashintsha yonke ikhithi.
Kungani ama-spark plug ehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokugqoka okusheshayo yizithasiselo ezihlukahlukene kuphethiloli. Okokuqala, kuyisulfure, ngenxa yokuthi ama-electrode aseceleni ambozwe nge-brown coating ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Uma okuqukethwe kwesulfure kuphethiloli (kokubili uphethiloli nodizili) kungaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-0,1, khona-ke ukuphila kwamapulaki kuhhafu. Ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-slag kuma-electrode, inqubo yenhlansi iba yimbi futhi igebe liyakhula.
Ngokuvamile, uphethiloli uqukethe izithasiselo zokulwa nokungqongqoza, okwandisa inombolo ye-octane. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuqukethwe kwabo okuphezulu kakhulu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwediphozithi yokuhola ezindongeni zangaphakathi zesilinda, ama-valve nama-spark plugs.
Abashayeli baphinde babhekane nezimo ezinjengokuphuka kwekhandlela phansi, ukuwohloka ngaphakathi kwe-insulator. Lokhu, futhi, ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-carbon deposits equkethe izinhlayiya zensimbi. Isihloko siyinkimbinkimbi impela, sichazwa ngokuningiliziwe ezincwadini zobuchwepheshe. Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okunjalo, ukukhishwa akwenzeki, ngokulandelana, ingxube ye-fuel-air ayishisi kwelinye lamasilinda.
Uma amakhandlela "endiza" kaningi, lesi yisikhathi sokuyohlola injini egcwele. Ukuguga kwenjini kuthinta ukusebenza kwawo wonke amasistimu ayo, okuhlanganisa nokuthungela. Ochwepheshe bangabhala izizathu eziningi: izinkinga ngekhoyili yokuthungela, i-distributor, ama-valve stem seal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esimweni ngasinye, izizathu zingase zihluke kakhulu.
Ukukhetha amakhandlela alungile
Empeleni, indlela elula yokukhetha kahle ukukhetha ngokumaka. Ungafaka amakhandlela ekhwalithi engcono, njenge-iridium noma iplatinum, ithoshi noma i-laser. Cabangela futhi inombolo yokukhanya, igebe kanye nobukhulu bebonke.
I-spark plug izokwazi ukusebenza sonke isikhathi esimenyezelwe umenzi kuphela ezimeni ezifanele. Asinazo lezo. Ngakho-ke, zilungiselele iqiniso lokuthi kuzodingeka uzishintshe kusenesikhathi.
Iyalayisha...
