inombolo ye-cetane. Lisho ukuthini futhi lingakhuliswa kanjani?
Okuqukethwe
Ithini inombolo ye-cetane?
Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthola uphethiloli we-diesel wezinga eliphezulu ukumelana kwayo nokuzishisa. Yile parameter echazwa kusetshenziswa inombolo ye-cetane. Ngokuningiliziwe, inombolo ye-cetane kaphethiloli we-diesel ibonisa isikhawu sesikhathi lapho uketshezi lungena khona kusilinda ngaphambi kokuba luthungele. Uma iphezulu inombolo ye-cetane, kuthatha isikhathi esincane ukuvutha. Ngakho-ke, lapho injini iqala ngokushesha futhi kuthatha isikhathi esincane kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "intuthu emhlophe".
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ipharamitha yenombolo ye-cetane ephezulu ithinta ukusheshisa ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla emoto futhi yenza kube umyalo wobukhulu obunamandla kakhulu.
Kungani wazi inombolo ye-cetane?
Ukwazi ipharamitha yenombolo ye-cetane, kungenzeka ukunquma izinga lobungani bemvelo kaphethiloli, ngoba ukwakheka kwe-hydrocarbon kuthinta ikhono loketshezi lokuzishisa.
Isibonelo, izinhlanganisela eziqukethe upharafini zivutha kakhulu kunama-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ama-hydrocarbons anephunga elimnandi ekwakhekeni kukaphethiloli, iba nkulu ipharamitha yenombolo ye-cetane.
Uma inombolo okukhulunywa ngayo ku-diesel fuel ingaphansi kwama-40, injini yemoto izosebenza emkhawulweni wamandla ayo. Imvamisa kakhulu kumodi enzima kangako kuba nokungqongqoza okungatheni kokungenzi lutho, futhi kukhona nokuguga okusheshayo kwazo zonke izingxenye zomshini.
Yiziphi izindinganiso ezamukelwa emazweni e-EU, futhi yiziphi eRussia?
Inombolo ye-cetane ephezulu ayiyona inkomba yezinga eliphezulu likaphethiloli. Inani elilungile lisebangeni elisuka ku-50 kuye ku-60. Lawa manani ajwayelekile kuphethiloli onconywa ezimotweni ezinenjini ye-Euro 5.
Uma inani lenombolo ye-cetane lidlula imikhawulo ekhonjisiwe phezulu, khona-ke uphethiloli ungabizwa ngokuthi "i-supersaturated". Okusho ukuthi, ukwanda ngakunye okulandelayo kwepharamitha ngeke kube nengqondo.
Ngokwezidingo ze-GOST zasekhaya, inani lenombolo ye-cetane kumele okungenani libe ngu-45. Lo mkhawulo uyinani eliphansi elivumelekile elivumelekile. Ngokwezindinganiso zamazwe e-EU, umkhawulo ophansi ucishe ube ngama-48.
Indlela yokwandisa inani lenombolo ye-cetane?
Yiqiniso, izinga lenjini ye-diesel alithinteki kuphela ngenombolo ye-cetane. Inkinga yokuthuthukiswa kwezinga likadizili isalokhu ingenye yeziphuthumayo kubashayeli. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi iningi lezinkampani zokuhluza zezwe zizama ukukhiqiza uphethiloli onenani le-cetane endaweni ephansi evunyelwe yizindinganiso.
Ukwandisa inombolo ye-cetane, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izilungisi ezikhethekile ze-cetane ezingakhokhela izakhi ezingekho.
Imikhiqizo yalolu hlobo ithuthukisa ukuvutha kukaphethiloli, kuyilapho iqinisekisa ukuqala okungenabuhlungu kwenjini ngisho namazinga okushisa aphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithasiselo kuthinta ukusebenza injini, okwenza kube bushelelezi, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-exhaust kanye nokunciphisa umsindo injini.
