Uphethiloli emafutheni enjini

Uphethiloli emafutheni kuholela ekwehleni kwe-viscosity ye-lubricant, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo. Ngenxa yenkinga enjalo, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iqala ukuqala kabi "eshisayo", amandla ayo okusebenza ayancipha futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwemoto kuyanda. Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani uphethiloli uvela ku-crankcase - ukwehluleka kwengxenye yepompo likaphethiloli (ku-carburetor ICEs), ukulahlekelwa kokuqina kwe-gasket, ukucindezelwa okuncishisiwe, nokunye. Ungakwazi ukuthola isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani uphethiloli ungena emafutheni ngisho nasezimeni zasegaraji. Kunezindlela eziningana ezifakazelwe zalokhu.

Indlela yokuqonda uma kukhona uphethiloli emafutheni (izimpawu)

Kunezimpawu eziyishumi eziyisisekelo ezibonisa ukuthi kunophethiloli emafutheni enjini.

1. Amafutha anuka njengophethiloli. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuzwakala ngokucacile lapho kuhlolwa izinga loketshezi lokuthambisa ku-crankcase. Ungakwazi ukuhogela kokubili i-dipstick kanye nembobo yokugcwalisa. Iphunga lihle kakhulu lapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ifudumala. Ngokuvamile iphunga alilona uphethiloli, kodwa i-acetone.
2. Izinga likawoyela liyakhuphuka kancane kancane naphezu kokuthi ayizange yengezwe ku-crankcase. Ngokuvamile lokhu akwenzeki ngokuzumayo, kodwa kancane kancane, njengoba imoto isetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
3. Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli (uphethiloli) ngokuhambisana nokwenyuka kwezinga likawoyela.
4. Amafutha aba mancane. Okusho ukuthi, ilahlekelwa yi-viscosity yayo. Lokhu kunganqunywa ngokuthinta nje ngokunambitha ukwakheka ngeminwe yakho ku-dipstick. Noma vele ubone ukuthi uwoyela sekulula ukuwukhipha ku-dipstick, nakuba lokhu bekungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili.
5. Ukunciphisa umfutho kawoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qiniso lingase lihambisane nokukhuphuka ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezinga layo ku-crankcase. Lokhu kungenxa yokuhlanjululwa kwayo (ikakhulukazi kumafutha e-viscous).
6. Ubunzima bokuqalisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi "eshisayo". Lokhu kungenxa yokulahleka kwe-viscosity yamafutha.
7. Ukwehla kwamandla e-ICE. Lokhu kuboniswa ukwehla kwezici eziguquguqukayo, kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-traction (imoto ishesha kabi, ayidonseli ukukhuphuka). Ngenxa yokwanda kokungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ze-KShM.
8. Ukwenyuka okuzenzakalelayo kwejubane lenjini uma ungenzi lutho. Okujwayelekile kwezinjini zokujova.
9. Ukuvela kwamaphutha kumemori ye-ECU. okungukuthi, zihlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kwengxube ye-air-fuel ecebile, ukungafihli kahle, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-lambda probe (inzwa ye-oxygen).
10. Amagesi e-exhaust athola iphunga elibukhali, elifana nophethiloli. Ngezinye izikhathi kanye nalokhu bathola umthunzi omnyama.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi izimpawu ezintathu zokugcina zingase zibonise okunye ukuphazamiseka enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto, ngakho-ke kuhle ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuphelele, ikakhulukazi usebenzisa izikena zokuxilonga. Inkinga ngokungena kukaphethiloli emafutheni itholakala nasezintweni zamandla edizili, noma kunjalo, futhi kunqunywa izimpawu ezifanayo, kodwa izizathu zalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zizohluka.

Izizathu zokuthi kungani uphethiloli usemafutheni

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani uphethiloli wangena emafutheni, okuhlanganisa ukuthi zincike ohlotsheni lwesistimu yamafutha enjini (i-carburetor, umjovo, umjovo oqondile). Ake sizicabangele ngokulandelana kwazo, futhi ake siqale ngenjini yomjovo kaphethiloli:

• Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi. Ingalimaza ama-seal okuthi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uphethiloli ungene enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxube yomoya evuthayo eyenziwe kuyo ingalimaza indawo yamasilinda, ama-piston, ama-valve.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo ezisezingeni eliphansi. Izithasiselo zikaphethiloli ezisezingeni eliphansi zingalimaza izimvu zamanzi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusondela ekusetshenzisweni kwabo ngokuqonda udaba futhi ukhethe ngendlela efanele enye noma enye indlela.
• Izindandatho ze-cylinder piston kanye nokucindezelwa okubi. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo ngenxa yokusebenza isikhathi eside kwemoto, noma ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amafutha angena ku-crankcase, lapho ehlangana khona namafutha enjini.
• Isistimu ye-EGR enephutha. Ukusebenza okungalungile kwesistimu ye-exhaust gas recirculation nakho kungabangela ukuba uphethiloli ungene emafutheni.
• Imilomo engekho. Kuma-ICE anomjovo oqondile kaphethiloli (isibonelo, i-TSI), uma ama-injection evuza, lapho-ke i-ICE iqalwa, inani elincane likaphethiloli elivela kuwo lizongena kuwoyela we-ICE. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokupaka nge-ignition (lapho ipompo idala ukucindezela okungafika ku-130 bar), ingcindezi kumzila we-fuel inomthelela eqinisweni lokuthi uphethiloli ungena ekamelweni lomlilo, futhi ngegebe emasongweni kumafutha. Inkinga efanayo (yize ngokwezinga elincane) ingaba kuma-ICE ajwayelekile omjovo.
• Isilawuli sikaphethiloli se-vacuum esinephutha. Uma ingasebenzi kahle, ingxenye kaphethiloli ibuyela enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi bese ixubana namafutha ngezikhala.
• Ingxube ecebile ye-fuel-air. Ukwakheka kwengxube ecebile kungabangelwa izizathu ezihlukahlukene. Kuma-ICE omjovo, lokhu kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwezinzwa noma ama-nozzles, futhi emishinini ye-carburetor, i-carburetor ingase imiswe ngokungalungile.
• Ikhoyili yokuthungela engalungile/ipulaki lenhlansi/izintambo zikagesi eziphezulu. Umphumela walokhu yiqiniso lokuthi ingxube ye-air-fuel ku-cylinder ethile ayishi. Umoya uyaphuma ngokwemvelo, futhi umhwamuko kaphethiloli usala ezindongeni zesilinda, lapho ungena khona ku-crankcase.

Cabangela ngokwehlukana izizathu ze-carburetor ICEs:

• Ukulimala kwe-diaphragm yephampu yamafutha. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela zemvelo (ukuguga nokuguga) noma ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini. Ingxenye engezansi ye-diaphragm yakhelwe ukuvikela ingxenye yayo engaphezulu emagesini ayingozi e-crankcase. Ngakho-ke, uma ungqimba olulodwa noma olunye lonakele, isimo singase siphakame lapho uphethiloli ungena ku-crankcase, uxubana ne-lubricant lapho.
• Izinkinga zevalve yenaliti. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingaphinda ilimale futhi isebenze ngokungalungile, yeqa uphethiloli.
• Ukulungiselelwa kwe-carburetor okungalungile. Ngenxa yalokho, uphethiloli ungase ugcwale ku-carburetor, kuhlanganise nokwakhiwa kwengxube ye-air-fuel ecebile. Futhi uma kwenzeka umonakalo ku-diaphragm, isimo siba sibi kakhulu.

Indlela yokunquma uphethiloli emafutheni

Noma yimuphi umthandi wemoto anganquma ukuthi ukhona yini uphethiloli emafutheni ngesikhathi senqubo evamile ekuseni ngaphambi kokuqala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ungakwenza lokhu usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezingezansi.

Hlola iphunga

Indlela elula yokuhlola ezokuvumela ukuthi uthole uphethiloli emafutheni iphunga amafutha ngenkathi uhlola izinga nge-dipstick noma ngokukhulula ikepisi yokugcwalisa uwoyela. Uma uwoyela wenjini unuka njengophethiloli, lokhu kufanele kukuqaphelise futhi kukuphoqe ukuthi wenze amanye amasheke ambalwa. Qaphela lokho amafutha angase ahoge hhayi uphethiloli, kodwa i-acetone. Kuya ngekhwalithi ye-petroli namafutha asetshenzisiwe, isimo se-lubricant nezinye izizathu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Drip

Ngokuvamile, ngokushintsha kwephunga lamafutha, iba yi-liquid eyengeziwe, okungukuthi, iqala ukukhipha kalula ku-dipstick. Lokhu futhi kudinga ukunakwa, ikakhulukazi uma amafutha agcwaliswa esikhathini eside esidlule, isibonelo, i-mileage kuyo isivele ingaphezu kwephakathi kwempilo yesevisi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kokugcoba iphunga, yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-drop ukuze uthole ikhwalithi yamafutha.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwenze, udinga nje ukulahla amagremu ambalwa e-lubricant ehlolwa ephepheni elingenalutho. Ngeke uthole impendulo esheshayo, ngoba udinga ukuyishiya endaweni efudumele okungenani amahora ambalwa (okungcono 12). Kodwa, ngemva kokuhlaziya izindawo zokusabalalisa (kuzoba khona umkhakha onombala ophuzi noma obomvu emaphethelweni ombuthano), khona-ke ngezinga eliphezulu lokungenzeka uphethiloli ungena emafutheni noma cha.

Futhi ukuze unciphise ukusola okuyiphutha ku-zero, kufanelekile ukubhekisisa izimpawu ezicatshangelwe ngenhla futhi uhlole ukusha.

Amafutha enjini evuthayo

Abashayeli abaningi abanolwazi, ukuze bathole ukuthi kukhona uphethiloli emafutheni, banikeze ukumane bathungele umlilo ku-lubricant. Abashayeli abangenalwazi abangakaze bahlangabezane nenkinga enjalo ngokuvamile bazama ngephutha ukuvele bathungele amafutha ngqo ku-dipstick. Le ndlela ngeke isebenze, ngaphandle kokuthi uwoyela usuvele uqukethe ingxenye ebalulekile kaphethiloli, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka, futhi lokhu kuzobonakala kwezinye, ezisobala, izimpawu.

Empeleni udinga ukuthungela uwoyela ovuthayo ku-tube yokuhlola. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuthatha ithubhu yokuhlola ingilazi ngentamo encane futhi uthele inani elincane lamafutha kuwo. Uma ithubhu yokuhlola inephansi eliyisicaba, khona-ke kungcono ukulishisisa esitofini sikagesi. Uma i-tube yokuhlola ine-bottom eyindilinga, khona-ke ungayithatha emathangeni aselabhorethri futhi uyishise emthonjeni womlilo ovulekile (isitofu, ikhandlela, utshwala obomile, njll.). Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa, intamo (ingxenye engenhla) ye-tube yokuhlola kufanele ivalwe nge-hermetically ngolunye uhlobo lwesivalo ukuze uphethiloli ungaphumi ngesikhathi sokushisa.

Izinga lokushisa lokushisa le-vapor kawoyela wenjini liphakeme kakhulu kunelo likaphethiloli, ngakho-ke esimweni esijwayelekile, umhwamuko kawoyela ngeke ushise. ngokuqhubekayo, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile sesidlulile, lapho amasampula okuhlola esefudumala ngokwanele, udinga ukuvula isembozo sethubhu yokuhlola futhi ulethe ngokushesha umthombo womlilo ovulekile (ukukhanya, ukufanisa). Uma imfucumfucu ephumayo ingashisi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi awekho uphethiloli emafutheni noma inani lawo alinakwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ukutholakala kukaphethiloli kungathí sina, khona-ke ulimi lomlilo luzovela entanyeni ye-tube yokuhlola. Kulesi simo, kuzoba umphumela wokushiswa kwemfucumfucu kaphethiloli ephuma oketshezini lokugcoba epayipini lokuhlola.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokuhlolwa okuchaziwe, gcina imithetho yokuphepha kanye nemithetho yokuphepha komlilo !!!

Okufanele ukwenze uma uphethiloli ungena emafutheni

Uma uthola ukuthi kukhona uphethiloli emafutheni enjini, into yokuqala okufanele ucabange ngayo wukuxilonga ukuze kutholakale imbangela nokushintsha uwoyela ngokwawo. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa umshini isikhathi eside kule modi!

Ukufuna ukuvuza kukaphethiloli emafutheni enjini kuqala ngokuhlolwa kokucindezela, ama-injector seal kanye nokusebenza kwawo. Ukuxilongwa komjovo kungenziwa ngokudilizwa noma ngaphandle kokudilizwa. Ezimotweni ezine-carburetor, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole ukusethwa kwe-carburetor, kancane kancane, umshini wayo yenaliti kanye nomhlangano wesihlalo uyashintshwa.

Ngokuhambisana nokuhlola ukusebenza kwesistimu kaphethiloli yesistimu, kufanelekile ukukhulula nokuhlola amakhandlela. Umbala we-soot kanye nesimo sabo kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlulele ukusebenza kwesistimu yokushisa.

Iyini imiphumela yokusebenzisa imoto enophethiloli emafutheni

Kodwa kwenzekani uma uphethiloli ungena emafutheni futhi ungabonwa ngesikhathi? Ingabe umshini ungasebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo? Sizophendula ngokushesha - ungasebenza, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uphethiloli, ongena ku-crankcase, unciphisa kakhulu uketshezi lokugcoba, ngaleyo ndlela wephule ukusebenza kwawo. Ukuncipha kwe-viscosity kuholela ekugcotshweni kwekhwalithi engeyinhle kwezingxenye ngazinye zemoto, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi lapho isebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu nasemithwalweni ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphethiloli unciphisa umphumela wezithasiselo kuwo.

Ukushintsha ukwakheka kwamafutha kuholela ekuguga kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwensiza yayo ephelele (kuze kufike ekulungisweni okukhulu).

Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, uwoyela enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ungamane uthungele yonke imiphumela elandelayo!

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kungaholeli ekuveleni kwezimo ezinjalo futhi kugcinwe insiza yenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilonga kanye nezinyathelo ezifanele zokulungisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.