Izimbangela zomusi omhlophe ovela kumbhobho wokukhipha

Ezimotweni zaseSoviet, omakhenikha abanolwazi bangakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile imbangela yokuvela kwamagesi aphumayo amhlophe aphuma epayipini lokukhipha imoto. Ezimotweni zesimanje ezingenisiwe, ukuklanywa kwesistimu yokukhipha umoya kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ongqondongqondo bangakwazi ukunquma ezinye zezimbangela zentuthu emhlophe evela epayipini lokukhipha umoya ngokubukeka (ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho), kanye nokukhomba ezinye izici zokubukeka kwamagesi amhlophe. kusukela epayipini lokukhipha umoya, badinga ukusebenzisa imishini yesimanje yokuxilonga.

Idivayisi yesistimu yokukhipha izimoto zanamuhla

Izimoto zesimanje zifakelwe isistimu yokukhipha umoya eyinkimbinkimbi ebamba izinto eziyingozi kakhulu:

Uhlelo lokuphefumula

• I-exhaust manifold - ihlanganisa igesi yokukhipha kuwo wonke amasilinda ibe umfudlana owodwa;
• I-Catalyst. Eyethulwe ohlelweni maduzane nje, iqukethe isihlungi esikhethekile esibamba izinto eziyingozi kanye nenzwa elawula izinga lokuhlanzwa kwegesi. Kumamodeli ezimoto ashibhile, i-flame arrester ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-catalyst, okunciphisa izindleko zemoto;
• I-Resonator. Kulesi sici sesistimu yokukhipha umoya, amagesi anciphisa izinga lokushisa lawo kanye nezinga lomsindo;
• I-Muffler. Lona kanye igama lesici sohlelo likhuluma ngenjongo yalo - ukunciphisa izinga lomsindo elikhishwa imoto liye emkhawulweni omkhulu ovunyelwe.

Izimbangela zomusi omhlophe ovela kumbhobho wokukhipha

Izici okuphuma ngazo intuthu emhlophe epayipini lokukhipha umoya zingaba zingasho lutho futhi ezibalulekile, ezingathinta ukunethezeka nokuphepha kokuhamba komshayeli nabagibeli.

intuthu emhlophe evela ku-tailpipe ibangela

Izizathu ezingadingi ukulungiswa

Izinto ezincane ezidala ukuthi intuthu emhlophe iphume epayipini le-exhaust:

• Ebusika, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwenzeka ohlelweni lwe-exhaust, okuholela kuntuthu omhlophe. Ngemuva kokuthi injini isebenze isikhathi eside, umusi kufanele unyamalale;
• Ukujiya kunqwabelene ohlelweni, ngemva kwesikhashana injini igijima, kuzodlula intuthu emhlophe. Lapho injini ifudumala, futhi intuthu ingadluli, udinga ukuya kungqondongqondo omuhle ukuze athole imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle.

Izizathu ezimbili ezingenhla zokubonakala kwentuthu emhlophe evela kumbhobho wokukhipha akuzona ukungasebenzi kahle, kodwa izenzakalo zesikhashana kuphela.

 

Indlela yokuhlola ngokuzimela uhlobo lwamagesi okukhipha amandla

Umnikazi wemoto udinga ukufunda ukuhlukanisa phakathi komhwamuko wamanzi nentuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuwoyela wenjini evuthayo. Ungahlola futhi isakhiwo somusi ngokubeka ishidi elingenalutho lephepha ngaphansi kwamagesi okukhipha umoya. Uma kuvela amabala kawoyela kuwo, izindandatho zokukhuhla uwoyela azisebenziseki futhi udinga ukucabanga ngokulungisa injini. Uma kungekho amabala amafutha ephepheni, khona-ke intuthu ivele ihwamuke i-condensate.

Izizathu zokudinga ukulungiswa kwenjini

Izizathu ezibalulekile zokuthi kungani intuthu emhlophe ingaphuma epayipini lokukhipha umoya:

• Izindandatho ze-oil scraper zivumela amafutha ukuba adlule. Sichaze leli cala ngenhla;
• I-Coolant ingena ohlelweni lwe-exhaust. Uma umusi omhlophe ovela epayipini lokukhipha ungadluli isikhathi eside ngesikhathi esifudumele sosuku noma injini efudumele kahle, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi i-coolant isiqalile ukungena kumasilinda.

Lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kutholwa ngezindlela eziningi:

• ishidi elihlanzekile lilethwa epayipini futhi uma ama-greasy stains ehlala kulo, udinga ukuya kungqondongqondo omuhle;
• Umthandi wemoto uyaqaphela ukuthi i-antifreeze ethangini yaqala ukwehla njalo;
• ngesivinini esingenzi lutho, iyunithi yamandla igijima ngokungalingani (isivinini esingenzi lutho siyakhula futhi sinciphe).

Ungakubheka kanjani ukungena kwesipholisi kumasilinda

• Phakamisa ihood futhi ukhulule ipulaki ethangini lokunweba;
• Qala iyunithi yamandla;
• Bheka ngaphakathi ethangini bese uzama ukuthola amabala anamafutha ebusweni besipholile. Uma amabala kawoyela ebonakala ebusweni be-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze, futhi iphunga eliphawulekayo lamagesi okukhipha amanzi livela ethangini, kusho ukuthi i-gasket ngaphansi kwekhanda le-cylinder iphukile noma ukuqhekeka kwakhiwa kwelinye lamasilinda.

I-cylinder block gasket - imbangela yentuthu emhlophe

Ngokungasebenzi kahle okunjalo, inani elithile lokupholisa lizongena njalo epanini likawoyela.

Kulokhu, ukucindezela ohlelweni lokupholisa injini kuzokwanda ngenxa yamagesi aphuma kumasilinda.
Ungakwazi ukubona ukungasebenzi kahle okunjalo ngokubheka izinga likawoyela wenjini. Ngenkinga enjalo, amafutha aku-dipstick azolula kancane kunalapho isipholile singangeni ku-crankcase yeyunithi yamandla. Kuyacaca ukuthi kulokhu, ukugcotshwa kwezingxenye zensimbi zenjini kuzoba sezingeni eliphansi futhi lokhu kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi iyunithi yamandla izogcwala.

Uma okunye okupholisayo kungena epanini likawoyela, kuzophuma intuthu emhlophe epayipini le-exhaust kuze kulungiswe ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-powertrain. Kuyoba okungadingekile ukukhumbuza abashayeli ukuthi ngemva kokuqeda ukungasebenzi lapho i-antifreeze ingena ku-crankcase, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa uwoyela wenjini entsha.

Kuqedwa kanjani ukungasebenzi kahle kokupholisa amasilinda

Ukuqedwa kokungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yamandla, lapho i-coolant ingena ku-crankcase yenjini:

Kungacishe kwenzeke: I-cylinder head gasket (ikhanda le-cylinder) liyabhobozwa. Kudingekile ukudiliza ikhanda bese ubuyisela i-gasket entsha.

Umshayeli wemoto angakwazi ukuqeda lokhu kungasebenzi ngokwakhe, kuphela kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi amantongomane asekhanda le-cylinder adonswa kanjani, futhi kufanele ube ne-dynamometer, ngoba lokhu kusebenza kwenziwa ngomzamo othile.

I-cylinder ngokwayo yonakalisiwe, isibonelo, kuvele ukuqhekeka. Le nkinga ngeke ixazululwe, cishe kuzodingeka ushintshe ibhulokhi.

Ngakho-ke, sikhumbula i-axiom yokuphila: akukho lutho olubi kunokulungisa okuthile kumuntu, sincoma ukuthola umcabango omuhle futhi uvumele uchwepheshe ukuthi ahlole injini. Phela, ukulungiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yeyunithi yamandla kuncike ekunqumeni kochwepheshe kwembangela yokungasebenzi kahle - lokhu kuyi-axiom. Futhi kusukela kulowo owenza ukulungisa.

Sithemba ukuthi ulwazi mayelana nezimbangela zentuthu emhlophe ephuma epayipini lokukhipha umoya, esiye sabelana ngalo kulesi sihloko, luzosiza abashayeli bezimoto ukuthi bagcine "amahhashi ensimbi" abo ephephile futhi ephilile. Futhi uma ukungasebenzi kahle sekuvele kwenzekile, usuyazi kakade i-algorithm yokuziphatha efanele ukuze imoto isebenze isikhathi eside nangempumelelo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Hlobo luni lwentuthu okufanele luphume epayipini lokukhipha umoya? Kuya ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile. Emakhazeni, intuthu emhlophe iyinto evamile, ngoba iqukethe umhwamuko wamanzi. Ngemuva kokufudumala, umusi kufanele uphele ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kusho ukuthini intuthu emhlophe kudizili? Ngenkathi iyunithi ye-diesel ishisa, lokhu kujwayelekile, njengenjini kaphethiloli (i-condensate iyahwamuka). Ngokuqhubekayo, injini iyabhema ngenxa yokuvuza kwe-antifreeze, ukushiswa kukaphethiloli okungaphelele.