Izinhlobo, idivayisi kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwama-disc brakes

Ama-brake e-Hydraulic disc angenye yezinhlobo zamabhuleki ohlobo lokungqubuzana. Ingxenye yabo ejikelezayo imelwe nge-brake disc, futhi ingxenye emile imelwe nge-caliper enama-brake pads. Yize kusetshenziswe kabanzi amabhuleki esigubhu, ama-disc brake asesaziwa kakhulu. Sizoqonda idivaysi ye-disc brake, futhi sithole umehluko phakathi kwamabhuleki amabili.

Idivayisi yamabhuleki eDiski

Idizayini ye-disc brake imi kanje:

• ukwesekwa (ubakaki);
• ukusebenza ukubopha isilinda;
• amabhuleki amabhuleki;
• ibhuleki disk.

I-caliper, eyinsimbi yensimbi noma umzimba we-aluminium (ngesimo sebakaki), inamathiselwe embokweni yokushayela. Idizayini ye-caliper iyivumela ukuthi ihambisane nemihlahlandlela endizeni enezingqimba isihlobo sediski le-brake (esimweni sendlela yokuthwebula entantayo). I-caliper housing iqukethe ama-piston, okuthi uma unyathela amabhuleki ucindezele ama-brake pads ngokumelene ne-disc.

Isilinda sebhuleki esisebenzayo senziwa ngqo ezindlini ze-caliper, ngaphakathi kukhona ipiston enezindebe zokuvala uphawu. Ukususa umoya onqwabelene lapho wopha amabhuleki, ukufakwa kufakwa emzimbeni.

Amabhuleki amabhuleki, ayizingcwecwe zensimbi ezinama-linings wokuqina okungaguquki, afakiwe ezindlini ze-caliper ezinhlangothini zombili zediski lebhuleki.

I-disc brake ejikelezayo ibekwe kuhabhu lamasondo. Idrayivu yebhuleki iboshelwe esikhungweni.

Izinhlobo zama-disc brakes

Ama-disc brakes ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-caliper (caliper) elisetshenzisiwe:

• izindlela ezinabakaki abalungisiwe;
• izindlela ezinobakaki ezintantayo.

Enguqulweni yokuqala, ubakaki unamandla okuhamba ngemihlahlandlela futhi une-piston eyodwa. Esimweni sesibili, i-caliper ilungisiwe futhi iqukethe ama-piston amabili abekwe ezinhlangothini eziphambene nediski yebhuleki. Amabhuleki ane-caliper engaguquki akwazi ukudala amandla amakhulu okucindezela ama-pads ngokumelene ne-disc futhi, ngokufanele, amandla amakhulu we-braking. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zazo ziphakeme kunalezo zamabhuleki e-caliper antantayo. Ngakho-ke, lawa mabhuleki asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni ezinamandla (kusetshenziswa amabhangqa amaningana ama-piston).

Asebenza kanjani ama-disc brakes

Ama-disc brakes, njenganoma imuphi amanye ama-brake, aklanyelwe ukushintsha ijubane lemoto.

Ukusebenza kwezinyathelo ngezinyathelo kwama-disc brakes:

1. Lapho umshayeli ecindezela i-pedal brake, i-GTZ idala ingcindezi emapayipini amabhuleki.
2. Okomshini onobakaki ongaguquki: ingcindezi ketshezi isebenza kuma-piston wamabhuleki asebenzayo asebenza nawo zombili izinhlangothi zebreki disc, yona ecindezela amaphedi kuyona. Okomshini wobakaki ezintantayo: ingcindezi ketshezi isebenza kumzimba we-piston kanye ne-caliper ngasikhathi sinye, kuphoqa owokugcina ukuthi anyakaze futhi acindezele iphedi ngokumelene ne-disc kusuka kolunye uhlangothi.
3. Idiski elihlanganisiwe phakathi kwamaphayinti amabili linciphisa ijubane ngenxa yamandla okuxabana. Futhi lokhu, nakho, kuholela ekubhuleni imoto.
4. Ngemuva kokuthi umshayeli ededele ibhuleki lokunyathela ibhuleki, ingcindezi ilahleka. I-piston ibuyela esimeni sayo sokuqala ngenxa yezakhiwo ezinwebeka zekhola lokufaka uphawu, futhi amaphedi ahlehliswa kusetshenziswa ukudlidliza okuncane kwediski ngesikhathi sokunyakaza.

Izinhlobo zama-brake disc

Ngokusho impahla ukwenziwa disc ukubopha ahlukaniswe:

1. Insimbi;
2. Amadiski ensimbi angenasici;
3. Ikhabhoni;
4. Bobumba.

Ngokuvamile, ama-disc brake enziwe ngensimbi yensimbi, enezinto ezinhle zokuxabana nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi. Ukugqokwa kwama-disc brake disc akulula. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nge-braking ejwayelekile eqinile, edala ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa, i-disc-iron disc ingahle ibhule, futhi uma amanzi engena kuyo, ingahle iqhekeke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cast iron iyinto enzima kakhulu, futhi ngemuva kokuhlala isikhathi eside ingagqwala.

Ama-disc aziwayo nensimbi engagqwali, engazweli kangako ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, kepha inezakhiwo ezibuthakathaka ezingqubuzana kunensimbi eyakhiwe.

Ama-Carbon discs alula ukwedlula ama-cast iron disc. Futhi bane-coefficient ephakeme yokushayisana nokusebenza kwebanga. Kodwa-ke, ngokwezindleko zazo, amasondo anjalo angancintisana nezindleko zemoto esezingeni elincane. Yebo, futhi ngokusebenza okujwayelekile, badinga ukufuthwa kusengaphambili.

Amabhuleki e-Ceramic awakwazi ukufanisa i-carbon fiber maqondana ne-coefficient of friction, kepha anezinzuzo eziningi zawo:

• ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu;
• ukumelana nokugqoka nokugqwala;
• amandla amakhulu;
• amandla adonsela phansi amancane;
• ukuqina.

I-Ceramics nayo inezinkinga zayo:

• ukusebenza kabi kwamakhemikhali ngamazinga okushisa aphansi;
• i-creak ngesikhathi somsebenzi;
• izindleko eziphakeme.

Ama-Brake disc akwazi ukuhlukaniswa nge:

1. Kuphefumula;
2. Kuboshwe.

Owokuqala aqukethe amapuleti amabili anezimbobo phakathi kwawo. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukushabalalisa ukushisa okungcono okuvela kumadiski, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile elingu-200-300 degrees. Lezi zamuva zinama-perforations / notches eceleni kwendawo yediski. Ama-perforations noma ama-notch enzelwe ukukhipha imikhiqizo yokugqoka yamabhuleki nokugcina kuhlangana ukungqubuzana okungaguquki.

Izinhlobo zamabhuleki amabhuleki

Amabhuleki wamabhuleki, ngokuya ngendaba yelinings yokushayisana, ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• i-asbestosi;
• engenayo i-asbestos;
• organic.

Owokuqala ayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni, ngakho-ke, ukuze ushintshe amaphedi anjalo, zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zibonwe.

Kumaphakethe angenayo i-asbestos, uboya bensimbi, ukushefa kwethusi nezinye izinto kungadlala indima yento yokuqinisa. Izindleko nekhwalithi yamapayipi kuzoncika ezintweni zazo.

Ama-pads enziwe ngemicu ye-organic anezindawo ezihle kakhulu zokubopha amabhuleki, kepha izindleko zazo zizoba phezulu.

Izikhungo brake akwazi ukugcina kanye pads

Gqoka nokushintshwa kwama-disc

Ukugqokwa kwama-brake disc kuhlobene ngqo nesitayela sokushayela somshayeli. Izinga lokugqoka alinqunywa kuphela nge-mileage, kepha nangokushayela emigwaqweni emibi. Futhi, ikhwalithi yama-disc brake ithinta izinga lokugqoka.

Ubukhulu obuncane obuvumelekile be-brake disc buncike ekwakhekeni nasemotweni yemoto.

Inani eliphansi lobukhulu besisindo sediski esivumelekile samabhuleki angaphambili lingu-22-25 mm, kwabangemuva - 7-10 mm. Kuya ngesisindo namandla emoto.

Izici eziyinhloko ezibonisa ukuthi ama-disc brake ngaphambili noma angemuva adinga ukushintshwa yile:

• ukuphuma kwama-disc ngesikhathi sokubamba ibhuleki;
• ukulimala kwemishini;
• ukwanda kwebanga lokumisa;
• ukwehlisa izinga loketshezi olusebenzayo.

Gqoka nokushintshwa kwamapayipi

Ukugqokwa kwamabhuleki ngokuyinhloko kuncike kwikhwalithi yento yokushayisana. Isitayela sokushayela naso sidlala indima ebalulekile. Uma kubhuleka ngamandla kakhulu, ukugqokwa kunamandla.

Amapayipi angaphambili aguga ngokushesha kunamaphakethe angemuva ngenxa yokuthi abhekene nomthwalo omkhulu ngesikhathi sokubhabha. Lapho ushintsha amaphedi, kungcono ukuwashintsha ngasikhathi sinye kuwo womabili amasondo, kungaba ngemuva noma ngaphambili.

Amapayipi afakwe ku-ekseli eyodwa nawo angaphelelwa ngokungalingani. Kuya ngokusebenziseka kwamasilinda asebenzayo. Uma lezi zokugcina zinamaphutha, khona-ke zicindezela amapads ngokungalingani. Umehluko kusayizi wamaphayiphu we-1,5-2 mm ungakhombisa ukugqokwa okungalingani kwamaphakethe.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokunquma ukuthi ngabe ama-brake pads adinga ukushintshwa yini:

1. Okubonakalayo kususelwa ekuhloleni ukushuba kocingo olungqubuzanayo. Ukugqoka kuboniswa ngogqinsi lwendwangu olungu-2-3 mm.
2. Imishini, lapho amaphedi afakwa khona amapuleti wensimbi akhethekile. Lezi zokugcina, njengoba izindwangu ziguga, ziqala ukuthintana nama-brake disc, yingakho ama-disc brakes creak. Isizathu sokukhala kwamabhuleki ukuhuzuka kolwelwesi kuze kufike ku-2-2,5 mm.
3. I-elekthronikhi, esebenzisa amaphedi anenzwa yokugqoka. Lapho nje ulwelwesi olushubile selusuliwe enzwa, ingaphakathi lalo lixhumana ne-brake disc, isekethe kagesi liyavalwa nenkomba eku-dashboard iyakhanya.

Ubuhle nobubi bama-disc brakes uma kuqhathaniswa namabhuleki esigubhu

Ama-disc brakes anezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwamabhuleki esigubhu. Izinzuzo zabo zimi ngokulandelayo:

• ukusebenza okuzinzile ngokungena kwamanzi nokungcola;
• ukusebenza okuzinzile lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka;
• ukupholisa kahle;
• usayizi omncane nesisindo;
• lula yesondlo.

Ububi obukhulu bamabhuleki e-disc uma kuqhathaniswa namabhuleki esigubhu afaka:

• izindleko eziphezulu;
• kahle unyathela amabhuleki.