Ukulinganisa kwesondo: incazelo, izinhlobo, inqubo kanye namaphutha avamile

Ukulinganisa amasondo emoto kuthinta ukuphathwa kwemoto: isiqephu sokuxhumana sishintsha njalo, ukubamba kuba kubi kakhulu. Emgwaqweni omanzi noma oshelelayo ngesivinini esikhulu, isimo singaphuma ekulawuleni. Kuvele ukuthi ukulinganisa kwamasondo kuwudaba lokuphepha kwabasebenzi bezimoto.

Ukushayela imoto ngokunethezeka nokuphephile kuncike kakhulu esimweni samasondo. Abashayeli bayawazi umqondo wokulinganisa kwamasondo. Nokho, abaningi abakunambithi ukubaluleka okufanele kule nqubo. Futhi, ngokufanelekile, abayiqondi imiphumela yokungalingani kwamasondo.

Kuyini ukulinganisa kwesondo

I-wheelbase iyingxenye ebalulekile yemoto. Imithambeka ingeyokuqala ukuthatha ukushaya kwamatshe, ama-bumps kanye nemigodi esuka emgwaqeni, "ibekezelele" umsebenzi wokumiswa. Ukuze umelane nayo yonke imithwalo, "izicathulo" zezimoto kufanele ziqine.

Izici zobuchwepheshe zamathayi amahle azipheli ngenhlanganisela enhle kakhulu, ama-discs ekhwalithi ephezulu, nokucindezela okuzinzile. Omakhenikha bezimoto eziteshini zesevisi kanye nezingcweti zasekhaya zishintsha amathayi esizini, zihlonze amaphakethe nezinga lokuguga kwamasondo, ukungahambi kahle, nezinye izinkinga.

Esinye sezinyathelo ezidingekayo - ukulinganisa kwamasondo - ukuqedwa kokungalingani noma ukuncipha kwawo ezingeni elincane.

Ngabe ukulinganisa kwamasondo kuthinta ini futhi iyini imiphumela yokungabikho kwayo

Amasondo angalingani adala ukudlidliza emotweni: ukuvevezela, ukushaya kanye nomsindo kuyavela. Uma singakucabangeli ukungaphatheki kahle komshayeli nabagibeli abavela ohambweni olunjalo, khona-ke ukubhujiswa kwezingxenye kanye nemihlangano akunakunakwa: ukusheshisa ukugqoka okungalingani (okunamabala) kokunyathela amathayi, ukuguqulwa kwediski.

Ama-ball bearings, ama-hubs nawo abhujiswa, ama-shock absorber struts, ama-bearings ahluleka. Ukungalingani kwamasondo kuholela ekwandiseni ibanga lokubhuleka, kwephula isiteringi.

Ukungalingani kwesondo kuphazamisa isiteringi

Ukulinganisa amasondo emoto kuthinta ukuphathwa kwemoto: isiqephu sokuxhumana sishintsha njalo, ukubamba kuba kubi kakhulu. Emgwaqweni omanzi noma oshelelayo ngesivinini esikhulu, isimo singaphuma ekulawuleni. Kuvele ukuthi ukulinganisa kwamasondo kuwudaba lokuphepha kwabasebenzi bezimoto.

Ukungalingani kwesondo

Isondo liyinto ejikelezayo. Wonke amaphuzu obuso bawo asuswa ngokulinganayo phakathi nendawo - i-axis yokujikeleza, futhi isisindo kufanele sibe okufanayo nxazonke zomjikelezo.

Incazelo

Ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwezixuku ezijikelezayo okuhlobene nendawo ephakathi yokuzungezisa kubizwa ngokuthi ukungalingani kwamasondo. Ngamanye amazwi, isondo liba lula ezindaweni ezithile.

Linganisa izisindo

Ukulinganisa kwamasondo kwenziwa ngokulenga izisindo ezikhethekile ezinxephezela ukulinganisa izingxenye ezilula zamasondo.

Izinhlobo

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokungalingani:

1. I-Dynamic - lapho ukwephulwa kwenqwaba kwenzeka endizeni enezingqimba, okungukuthi, amandla e-inertia awela i-axis yokujikeleza: isondo libhala "isishiyagalombili".
2. I-Static - isisindo siphukile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-eksisi eqondile: isondo ligxuma libheke phezulu naphansi (ukudlidliza okuqondile).

Izinhlobo zokungalingani kwamasondo

I-Dynamic wheel balancing yenziwa kuphela ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngaphandle nangaphakathi. I-Static - ingenziwa ezimweni zegaraji: inqubo ukulenga izisindo ezengeziwe ezindaweni ezikhanyayo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile inhlanganisela yazo zombili izinhlobo zokungalingani ibonakala emasondweni emoto eyodwa: khona-ke kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu ukuphathisa lolu daba kubachwepheshe benkonzo yokukhathala.

Indlela yokuhlola ibhalansi yesondo

Inkinga izenza izwakale ngesivinini semoto esingu-80-90 km/h ngokushaya esiteringini, kunyakaze. Ungahlola ngokuzimela ibhalansi yamathayi, ubeka isikhathi inqubo yehlobo noma ubusika esikhundleni samasethi enjoloba. Faka isondo elisha, gibela izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze isondo lisuse ukubola ngemuva kokugcinwa.

Izenzo ezengeziwe:

1. Gcoba imoto ohlangothini lapho uzobe ubheka khona.
2. Spin irempu, linda ukuthi ime.
3. Maka iphuzu eliphezulu erabha ngoshoki.
4. Hlehlisa ezindaweni ezihlukene, umaka phezulu.

Indlela yokuhlola ibhalansi yesondo

Hlola indawo yamamaki oshoki: uma ehlanganiswe, isondo alilingani, uthole iphuzu "elilula". Uma izingozi zihlakazekile ngokulinganayo nxazonke zendilinga, shayela ngaphandle kokwesaba.

Indlela yokwenza inqubo ngendlela efanele

Ngokungalingani kwe-10-15 g, ukumiswa kuthola izinkulungwane zokushaywa ngomzuzu, okuqhathaniswa nesenzo se-jackhammer kukhonkolo. Ukulinganisa isondo ngendlela efanele kubalulekile ukuvimbela imiphumela emibi yokungalingani kwesisindo sesondo.

Kungani isigaba sokulungiselela sibalulekile futhi sihlanganisani

Udinga ukulinganisa amasondo njengenhlangano lapho isondo lifakwa emgqeni. Umthetho oyisibopho yisigaba sokulungiselela, lapho umphumela wokugcina wenqubo uncike khona.

Isigaba sokulungiselela

Yenza okulandelayo:

1. Geza i-rim kusuka ezinhlangothini zombili, ngaphandle kwalokho izingcezu zokungcola zizobonisa isisindo esingalingani serabha nxazonke ze-circumference.
2. Hlanza ukunyathela ematsheni anamathele (okubaluleke kakhulu kumaloli nama-SUV). Amatshe namatshe phakathi kwamabhuloki amathayi e-treadmill enza izigaba ezithile zibe nzima: ukulinganisa ngeke kunembile.
3. Susa izisindo ezindala kanye nama-trim caps kumarimu.

Qinisekisa ukuthi isondo lihlala liqinile endaweni yalo: lokhu kunomthelela onamandla ekusebenzeni kwamadivayisi okulinganisa kanye namadivayisi.

Izinhlobo zokulinganisa

Inqubo yenziwa ngezindlela eziningana. Kukhona ukulinganisa kwamasondo emoto emshinini ngokukhipha amathayi kanye ngqo emotweni. Kukhona futhi ukulinganisa okuzenzakalelayo nama-granules noma impushana.

Ama-granules alinganisa isondo

Ama-granules anobubanzi obungu-0,15-0,9 mm anengilazi esindayo noma i-ceramic core ngaphakathi, izakhi zimbozwe nge-silicone ngaphandle.

Ubuhlalu buthululelwa emgodini wesondo: ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, amabhola asakazwa, anamathele ku-raber ngobuningi lapho isisindo sincane. Kuvele ukuzilinganisa okuzenzakalelayo, okuyinto, nokho, ayithandwa ngabashayeli.

i-static

Ukungalingani okumile (okuqondile) kususwa yizo zonke iziteshi zamasondo. Kodwa lolu uhlobo olulula kakhulu lokulinganisa, okuthi, ukuze konge imali nesikhathi, abashayeli bezimoto bavame ukwenza egaraji.

Umongo wokusebenza ukukhomba ingxenye esindayo yesondo, eshaya umgwaqo ngamandla engeziwe, igwedla ngokulinganayo ukunyathela futhi isabela ngendlela elimazayo ku-chassis nokumiswa.

Ukulinganisa okuqinile

Ukuze kuqedwe ukungalingani okumile, izisindo ezinxephezelayo zilengiswa ezindaweni ezikhanyayo phezu kwama-flange aseceleni. Isisindo semikhiqizo sisuka ku-5 kuya ku-60 amagremu, impahla ingumthofu, insimbi, i-zinc.

Kumadiski anesitembu, amadivaysi okukhanda anamathiselwe kubakaki, kuma-cast kanye nama-disc akhiwe - nge-Velcro. Lezi zokugcina azithembeki ebusika: zingawa emakhazeni. Kodwa kunenombolo yama-disc lapho ingekho enye indlela yokuvikela izimpahla.

Amandla

Uma kukhudlwana ukunyathela kubha enqamulayo, kuba lula “ukuzuza” ukungalingani okuguquguqukayo ngenkathi ushayela (“isishiyagalombili”) futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ukuyisusa. Akunakwenzeka ukuqeda ukuhlangana kwezimbazo ze-inertia nokujikeleza ngokwakho - le ndaba iphathiswe ochwepheshe. Umfutho womoya emathayeni wanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokulinganisa kufanele ube ojwayelekile.

Qeda

Ukulinganisa kwesondo okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngemva kokuqedwa kokungalingani okuqinile nokuguquguqukayo, kanye nalapho kushintsha amathayi.

Qeda ukulinganisa

Inqubo yokugcina yokulinganisa amathayi yenziwa ngqo emotweni: idivaysi ye-elekthronikhi ifakwe ngaphansi, amasondo aphethwa aze afike ku-80-90 km / h. Izinzwa zithatha izilinganiso ngokuzenzakalelayo, zikhomba izindawo lapho izisindo zidinga ukungezwa kurimu.

Izindlela zokulinganisela ngaphandle kokukhipha amasondo

Uma kukhona ukundindizela okuqondile komzimba kusuka ekubhampiseni kwamasondo, abashayeli bakuqeda egaraji. Inqubo iyafana nasesiteshini sesevisi, kodwa uzochitha isikhathi esiningi, ngoba kuzodingeka uzame izisindo zezisindo ezahlukene izikhathi eziningana. Indlela yakudala, "ngeso", inikeza umphumela ofanayo njengase-workshop.

Lungiselela ujeke, ukulinganisa izinsimbi zokuzinamathela noma ezikubakaki. Uzodinga ushoki noma umaka ukuze umake izindawo ezikhanyayo, nesando ukuze uvikele izisindo ezinqunyiwe.

Ungaphuthelwa isiteji sokulungiselela ngokugeza ama-discs nokuhlanza ukunyathela ematsheni namatshe. Susa amaphedi epulasitiki.

Umsebenzi owengeziwe:

1. Phakamisa uhlangothi olulodwa lwemoto kujekhi, qinisekisa ukuhlehla nokuwa.
2. Nquma indawo yokufakwa kwezisindo zokulinganisa: khulula umthambeko ohlangothini olulodwa, ngemva kokuma, phawula iphuzu eliphezulu kuwo ngoshoki, ugxile, isibonelo, phakathi kwe-arch wheel.
3. Spin isondo ngakolunye uhlangothi, phinda ukukhohlisa ngoshoki.
4. Linganisa ukubekwa kwamamaki kashoki: indawo ephakathi phakathi kwawo yindawo yokukhanya oyifunayo.
5. Faka izisindo kule ndawo, uqale ngezilula.
6. Qhubeka ujikeleza isondo. Uma, ngemva kokumisa, izisindo ziphansi, ukulinganisa kuyaphumelela.
7. Manje qala ukusabalalisa izisindo ngezindlela ezahlukene. Umsebenzi uwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngemva kokuphotha nokuma okulandelayo, izisindo zisezikhundleni ezihlukene.
8. Vikela izinto ngesando.

Izindlela zokulinganisela ngaphandle kokukhipha amasondo

Ukulinganisa kokuqala kungase kungasebenzi. Yenza izindawo ezilula zibe nzima ngokwengeza isisindo semithwalo. Landela ukulandelana kwezinyathelo namanye amathayi, bese uhlola amasondo ukuze uthole ibhalansi ngokushayela i-10-15 km ngesivinini esingu-80-90 km / h. Uma ungezwanga ukuthi imoto igxumagxuma, amabhampa esiteringini, wenze konke ngendlela efanele.

Yiziphi izinto ezidingekayo ukuze inqubo

Kakade ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, inqwaba yamathayi isatshalaliswa ngokungalingani eduze kwe-axis yokujikeleza - lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi iphutha lobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukungalingani kuyanda: i-akhawunti yesondo ifinyelela ku-75% wokungalingani, kuma-disks - kufika ku-20%. Amaphesenti asele awela kumahabhu anezigubhu zamabhuleki.

Ukuqeda ukungalingani, kunemishini yobuchwepheshe - imishini yokulinganisa (BS). Izakhiwo zokuxilonga nokulungiswa kwezinto ezizungezayo zifakwa unomphela emagcekeni ezitolo zamasondo.

I-BS yamasondo abanzi najwayelekile ayalinganiswa ukuze afakwe ngaphandle kokukhipha amasondo ngezinsimbi zokulinganisa ezinomshini, zikagesi nezihlanganisiwe. Elinye iqembu lemishini limelelwa yizitendi ezisebenza ngamarampu asusiwe.

Umshini wokulinganisa

Izakhi eziyinhloko zebhentshi lokunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa amasondo ezimoto zabagibeli yi-shaft enogesi (kufika ku-800 rpm) noma i-manual (kufika ku-250 rpm) idrayivu kanye nekhompyutha yokucubungula idatha.

Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe ibonakala kanje: isondo ligxiliwe futhi liqiniswe ngokuphephile ku-shaft, uhlelo lwekhompyutha lufunda ulwazi lokuqala (ububanzi nokuphakama kwephrofayili yenjoloba, usayizi wediski). I-shaft iyaphothwa, bese kuthi idrayivu imiswe, ivumele isondo ukuthi lijikeleze nge-inertia.

Okulandelayo, izinzwa ze-impulse, dynamic kanye ne-piezoelectric zivuliwe, idatha entsha irekhodwa, ngokusho ukuthi uhlelo olushumekiwe lubala amaphuzu okukhanya wesondo. Kusele ku-master ukukhweza ama-weighting agents.

Amanye amamodeli wamathuluzi omshini wokukhiqiza ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe afakwe amasistimu e-laser abonisa ngokunembile indawo yokulenga i-balancer.

Amaphutha Okulinganisa Okujwayelekile

Amaphutha ajwayelekile uma ephula ubuchwepheshe bokulinganisa isisindo sesondo ngokuhlobene ne-eksisi yokuzungezisa:

• Kwakungekho nhlobo isigaba sokulungiselela, noma senziwe ngokunganaki: ngenxa yalokho, ukunamathela kwezigaxa zokungcola kubonisa isisindo esiningi sesondo lapho konke kuhlelekile.
• Izisindo ezindala azizange zisuswe emgqeni: ngokungafani nazo, izisindo ezintsha zifakiwe, okuholela ekungalinganini okubi kakhulu;
• Abazange banake ukulingana kwerabha emgqeni: lapho ukucindezela kwesondo kuphakanyiswa, kuhlezi endaweni, ibhalansi iyanyamalala.
• Isondo aligxilile ku-balancer shaft. I-adaptha ye-taper ivamise ukusetshenziselwa imbobo ephakathi, i-flange noma i-screw clamp isetshenziselwa izimbobo ezifakwayo. Kumasondo amaloli, Izinyamazane, izikhala nezigaxa ezinkulu zingadingeka.

Amaphutha okulinganisa isondo

Ungafaki ngaphezu kuka-60 g wempahla esondweni elilodwa lemoto yomgibeli.

Ingabe kuyadingeka ukulinganisa amasondo angemuva kumasondo angaphambili?

Ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili amasondo adonsa kanzima kakhulu ngoba ayashintshana. Izinyathelo ezingenakubalwa zidla izindonga eziseceleni ze-tread. Kodwa ama-slopes angemuva nawo angaphansi kokukhubazeka kwemishini. Uma isondo langaphambili lindizela emgodini, ingemuva lizowela endaweni efanayo, lishaye ukumiswa.

Ukungalingani ngaphambili kugqame kakhulu, kanti ingemuva livela ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-120 km / h. Kodwa ukulinganisa kufanele kwenziwe kanyekanye kuwo wonke amasondo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukufakwa kuphi.

Yini enquma imvamisa yokulinganisa

Azikho izidingo ezithile zokuvama kwenqubo - konke kuncike ekusebenzeni. Uma ushayele i-15 km phakathi nesizini ngesivinini esimaphakathi, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ibhalansi yamarempu. Isitayela sokushayela esidlulele sinciphisa isikhathi sokuxilongwa nokulungiswa ngesigamu.

Funda futhi: I-steering rack damper - inhloso kanye nemithetho yokufaka

Ezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani udinga ukulinganisa amasondo akho kaningi:

• imoto yawela emigodini ejulile emgwaqeni noma isondo lashaya ama-curbs, ezinye izithiyo;
• uvame ukwehlisa ijubane ngokushibilika;
• lapho uthenge amasondo amasha namathayi: ngemva kokuhlanganisa isondo, lilinganise;
• ngesikhathi "sokushintsha izicathulo" zonyaka, kungaba usizo ukuhlola ibhalansi: izinsizakalo zemoto ezihlonishwayo zenza lokhu mahhala;
• ngaphambi kohambo olungaphezu kuka-1500 km futhi ngokushesha ngemva kohambo olude;
• ngemva kokufaka amadiski amasha;
• ukulungiswa kwamasondo, ukudilizwa kwesondo - isenzakalo sokwenza inqubo yokulinganisa.

Isiphetho: uma umshayeli ezolile futhi elalelisisa, uvame ukulinganisa amasondo.