Izimoto ezivela e-USA - izindleko zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kanye nezingibe. Umhlahlandlela
Ukuthenga izimoto phesheya kusenenzuzo, nakuba i-boom kuzo isiphelile. Ukungenisa imoto eMelika - esikhundleni sokuthenga efanayo ePoland - ungathola amashumi ezinkulungwane zama-zloty. Kucatshangwa ukuthi imoto isezingeni eliphezulu.
Izimoto emakethe yaseMelika - ezintsha nezisetshenzisiwe - zishibhile kunaseYurophu nasePoland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intengo yabo ithintwa izinga lokushintshaniswa kwedola laseMelika lamanje. Uma ishibhile idola, sizozuza kakhulu ekuthengeni. Ngokuvamile, umehluko wentengo phakathi kwemoto evela ePoland nase-USA izoba ngamaphesenti ambalwa, yiqiniso, kucatshangelwa izindleko ezinkulu zokungenisa (zifingqiwe ngezansi).
“Asikho isidingo esinjalo njengoba sasinjalo eminyakeni embalwa edlule,” kuvuma uJarosław Snarski, inhloko yenkampani yakwaNordStar yaseBialystok, ethwala futhi isuse izimoto e-United States. - Ungagcina okuningi ezimotweni ezibizayo ezibiza izinkulungwane eziyi-100. i-zloty. Kushibhile, 30 noma 50 ayizinkulungwane. I-PLN, akunangqondo ukunikeza, ngoba uma uhlanganisa zonke izindleko, kuvela ukuthi akuyona inzuzo kakhulu.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhetha imodeli etholakala emakethe yaseYurophu, okungcono ekhiqizwa njengamanje. Akukho lutho oluzogxila ekuveleni kwemoto evamile yaseMelika. Inkinga ke kungaba hhayi kuphela izingxenye ezisele, kodwa futhi ukudayiswa kabusha kwemoto.
“Izinhlobo zase-U.S ezifana neMercedes ML, BMW X6, Infiniti FX, Audi Q7 ne-Q5, Lexus RX zithandwa kakhulu kumakhasimende ethu,” kusho uBogdan Gurnik ophuma kwikhomishini yezimoto zikanokusho yakwa-Auto Tim eWarsaw. - IPorsche Cayenne nePanamera nazo zivame ukulethwa zivela eMelika, kanye neMazda, Honda neToyota.
Funda futhi: Inqola yesiteshi esetshenzisiwe efika ku-30 PLN - sikweluleka ukuthi uthenge ini
Izinketho zokuthenga
Uma ufuna ukuthenga imoto e-USA, ungaziyela khona wena. Kuphela lokho, okokuqala, kuzobiza, futhi okwesibili, udinga ukuthola i-visa. Kuzodingeka ufune imoto khona lapho futhi akwaziwa ukuthi uzokwazi yini ukuthola isenzakalo esiphawulekayo. Ubuhle bekhambi elinjalo ukuthi singazihlola ngokucophelela futhi siziqinisekise ngokwethu. Ngendlela efanayo, uma sinomngane othembekile ngaso leso sikhathi, ngeke kudingeke sikhokhe njengomxhumanisi.
Ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zenkampani yasePoland engenisa izimoto ezivela e-United States akusona isinqumo esibi. I-Convenience iyazikhulumela, kunjalo. Ikhomishana izoba ngamakhulu amaningana amadola, kodwa imoto izolethwa kithi ekhelini eliboniswe ePoland, futhi kuphela imithetho yokubhalisa ezweni lethu kanye nokuguqulwa okuhambisanayo kwezinye izici zobuchwepheshe (ikakhulukazi izibani - imininingwane engezansi) kuzoqedwa.
NgokukaJaroslav Snarski, indawo engcono kakhulu yokubheka imoto izindali eziku-inthanethi ezifana ne-Copart noma i-IAAI. Lezi yizindali lapho izimoto zifakwa khona izinkampani zomshwalense, abadayisi nezinye izinkampani. Kufanele ube umsebenzisi obhalisiwe ukuze uthenge kulezi zindali. Kulokhu, kufanele usebenzise izinsizakalo zenkampani ezosibambela indali, noma unikeze ngekhodi ukuze sikwazi ukubamba iqhaza endalini. Sizokhokha u-$100-200 ngayo.
U-Yaroslav Snarski weluleka ukuthenga izimoto ezikhishwe izinkampani zomshuwalense. Ngokuvamile lezi yizimoto ezilimele, kodwa lezo okungekho muntu ozilungiselele ukudayiswa futhi akazange azame ukufihla amaphutha abo. Ungaqiniseka ukuthi lokho okuboniswa ezithombeni nasencazelweni yemoto kuyiqiniso.
Izimoto ezilimele zivame ukulethwa zisuka e-USA ziye ePoland, ngoba umehluko emananini mkhulu kakhulu. AmaMelika afuna ngempela ukuqeda izimoto ezinjalo, ngoba ukulungiswa kwabo akunanzuzo ngokuphelele ezimweni zaseMelika futhi singazithenga ngentengo enhle kakhulu.
Qaphela: qaphela uma ufuna ukulingeka ukuba ubambe iqhaza ezindalini zomphakathi. Bavame ukuqondiswa abakhohlisi.
ezokuthutha ngomkhumbi
Ngemva kokuthenga imoto, kufanele ihanjiswe echwebeni futhi, isebenzisa izinkonzo zenkampani yemikhumbi, ilayishwe esitsheni bese ilayishwa emkhunjini. Kunzima ukucacisa izindleko zokuhamba zasekhaya, i.e. ukusuka endaweni yokuthenga ukuya echwebeni e-USA. Konke kuncike ebangeni eliya echwebeni nobukhulu bemoto. Amanani angasukela ku-$150 kuya ku-$1200.
Lapho ukhetha umthwali ozoletha isitsha eYurophu, kungcono ukuthembela ezinkampanini zaseMelika kunasePoland. Ngokusho kukaSnarsky, ahlala isikhathi eside. Sizokhokha kusukela ku-500 kuya ku-1000 dollar yokuhamba olwandle. Ubude besikhathi sokuhamba ngomkhumbi, ngokwesibonelo ukuya echwebeni laseJalimane iBremerhaven, cishe izinsuku eziyi-10-14.
Bheka futhi: Uthenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa - bona ukuthi uyibona kanjani imoto ngemuva kwengozi
Itayitela lemoto kufanele ilethwe echwebeni lase-US. Uma sithumela imoto sisuka lapho ngokwethu, khona-ke ngemuva kokuvunyelwa kwamasiko yizinsizakalo zaseMelika, kufanele siyibuyisele, ingathunyelwa kanye nemoto.
Kufanele uqaphele ukuthi le dokhumenti ayibonisi ukuthi imoto ayisakwazi ukulungiseka noma ilahliwe (okufakiwe: "Umthetho Wokubhujiswa", "Umonakalo olingana nenani", "Izingxenye kuphela", "Ayilungiseki", "Ayilungiseki " futhi njll.). Ngeke sibhalise imoto enjalo ePoland ngoba izobe ithathwa njengeyimfucumfucu. Kuzokwenzeka okufanayo uma umonakalo wemoto ungaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-70. Uma isiphathimandla sezokungena ezweni sithola ukuthuthwa kwemfucuza kwamanye amazwe ngokungemthetho, sidlulisela icala kumhloli Omkhulu Wokuvikela Imvelo. Futhi kukhona inhlawulo engu-50 XNUMX ngokukhipha udoti. i-zloty.
Umthumeli wemikhumbi wase-US kufanele aqoqe idokhumenti yokulayisha imoto, eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-bill of lading" noma "iresidi yedokhu". Lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi imoto isithunyelwe. Kufanele iqukathe: okusesitsheni kanye nemininingwane yokuxhumana yomuntu othola impahla ethekwini lapho uya khona, inombolo yesiqukathi.
Ukuya ePoland, eJalimane noma eNetherlands
Amachweba aziwa kakhulu okuyiBremerhaven eJalimane, iRotterdam eNetherlands kanye neGdynia ePoland. "Ngincoma ukuthi kuthunyelwe izimoto zisuka e-USA ziye e-Bremerhaven kanye nemvume yokungena lapho," kweluleka inhloko yakwaNordStar. - Ukusuka lapho kuseduze nezwe, izinqubo ziyashesha futhi zilula kunathi, futhi ishibhile. EJalimane, sizokhokha kancane, futhi ngoba i-VAT iphansi kunePoland - 19, hhayi amaphesenti angu-23.
Bheka futhi: Imoto esetshenzisiwe enamaphutha afihliwe - ukulwa nomthengisi ongathembekile
Asikho isidingo sokuthatha imoto mathupha, njengoba lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nezindleko ezengeziwe, ezingadingekile. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zenkampani ezosibhekelela zonke izinkambiso nezokuthutha.
Izindleko zokuthulula imoto esitsheni, kanye nokudlula kwemithetho yamasiko, zisuka kuma-euro angama-380 kuye kwangama-450. Izindleko zokuthutha imoto ePoland zingama-PLN 1200-1500. Uma imoto yethu iyi-limousine enkulu, i-SUV noma isikebhe, sizokhokha kakhulu, intengo ivame ukusetha ngamunye.
Asikwazi ukuza ezweni ngemoto evela kwamanye amazwe, ngoba ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe akuvunyelwe ukushayela e-Europe. Asikhuthazi ngokuqinile ukuthutha imoto ngokwakho, isibonelo, elolini lokudonsa. Izinsizakalo zokuhlola zaseJalimane (amaphoyisa kanye ne-BAG) ziqine kakhulu mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-tachograph yamasethi ezimoto kanye neloli elidonsayo elinesisindo esivumelekile esingaphezu kwamathani angu-3,5 futhi alinayo ilayisense lapho imoto ethuthiweyo kungeyona eyomshayeli. Kulokhu, izinhlawulo zingafinyelela kuma-euro angu-8000.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze sishayele e-Poland, kufanele sikhokhe ngeTOLL tolls emigwaqweni kazwelonke. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela le mfuneko kuhlanganisa inhlawulo ye-PLN 3000. Isikhathi sokugunyazwa kwentela cishe izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngemuva kokuhlinzekwa kwawo wonke amadokhumenti.
E-Germany, inani lentela yentela libalwa kusukela enanini lemoto eliku-invoyisi yokuthenga kanye nezindleko zokuthutha olwandle. Umsebenzi ungamaphesenti angu-10 kanti i-VAT ingamaphesenti angu-19. I-GST yengezwa enanini le-invoyisi lemoto, kanye nezinkokhelo zokuthutha nezamasiko. Ngemva kokukhokha, imoto isivele iwumphakathi omuhle. Khona-ke, ngemva kokulethwa ePoland, kufanele siye emgwaqeni phakathi kwamasonto amabili.
Lapho sizobeka, phakathi kokunye, isimemezelo esenziwe lula sokutholwa kwe-intra-union ye-AKS-U, sikhokhe intela yempahla, bese senza ukuhlola kobuchwepheshe. Ehhovisi lentela sithola isitifiketi se-VAT-25 (ukukhululwa ku-VAT), ukhokhe imali yemvelo, ngemva kwalokho singakwazi ukubhalisa imoto. Bheka ukuthi yiziphi izinqubo zokungenisa imoto evela e-European Union.
emasikweni
Uma imoto ilethwa ethekwini laseGdynia, emasikweni endawo
imvume yokugcina amasiko kungenzeka. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwezinqubo ezifanele kanye nokukhokhwa kwezinkokhelo zentela nentela, imoto izovunyelwa ukudayiswa.
Ungakwazi futhi ukusula amasiko kwezokuthutha kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi lempahla e-European Union. Uma othile, isibonelo, evela e-Bialystok, angayenza edolobheni lakubo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele anikeze isibambiso sokukhokhwa kwamasiko nentela.
“Idiphozithi kufanele ikhokhwe enanini lemali elindelekile yentela yempahla, intela yempahla kanye ne-VAT,” kuchaza u-Maciej Czarnecki, ummeleli we-Customs Chamber e-Bialystok. - Idiphozi ingakhishwa kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi lentela. Endabeni yokugunyazwa kwezokuthutha, zonke izinto ezisemthethweni ezihlobene nokukhululwa kwezimpahla ukuze zisakazwe mahhala zenziwa ehhovisi lentela lendawo.
Ngemva kokukhokha, sithola idokhumenti lapho sesethulwa lapho sithatha khona imoto e-Gdynia.
Izimali ezizokhokhwa:
*umthwalo wemfanelo -
Amaphesenti angu-10 amanani entengo yempahla yemoto (inani langokwezifiso: inani lokuthenga kanye nezindleko zokuhamba kanye nomshwalense ukuya emngceleni wasePoland noma we-European Union - kuye ngokuthi ichweba lapho imoto ifika khona);
*Intela yempahla: ezimotweni ezinomthamo wenjini ofinyelela ku-2000 cc - amaphesenti angu-3,1 yenani lentela, elikhushulwe ngemfanelo ekhokhwayo kanye nezindleko zokuthutha okungenzeka ngaphakathi ezweni, ezimotweni ezinomthamo wenjini engaphezu kuka-2000 cc - 18,6 wamaphesenti. inani lempahla, kanye nanoma yimiphi imisebenzi esebenzayo, kanye nanoma yiziphi izindleko zokuthumela;
*I-VAT: Amaphesenti angu-23 yenani lentela kanye nentela okufanele ikhokhwe kanye nentela yempahla ethengiswayo kanye nezindleko zokuthutha zasekhaya ezingaba khona.
Okwesiteshi sokuxilonga, kodwa qala kabusha
Isinyathelo esilandelayo wukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe bemoto.
– Ibiza 98 zloty. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukwengeza i-PLN 60 ukuze unqume idatha yemoto, kuchaza uMarek Laszczyk, inhloko yesiteshi sokuhlola sase-Konrys e-Bialystok.
- Uma imibhalo ibonisa ukuthi imoto ingemuva kwengozi, khona-ke i-PLN 94 eyengeziwe kufanele ikhokhwe ukuze kuhlolwe okukhethekile kwezimoto ezilimele. Uma, ngemva kokungenisa imoto evela e-USA, sifaka ukufakwa kwegesi kuyo, sizokhokha i-PLN 63 eyengeziwe.
Izimoto ezithengwa e-USA ngokuvamile azihlangabezani nezidingo zokushayela emigwaqweni yaseYurophu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okufanele, ngeke baphumelele ukuhlolwa. Ezimotweni ezisuka e-USA, amalambu angaphambili ayalingana - akhanya ngokuvundlile. E-Poland, isibani sangaphambili esingakwesokudla kufanele sikhanyise eceleni komgwaqo. Izinkomba ezingemuva ezimotweni zaseMelika zibomvu, futhi ezingaphambili zimhlophe, kithi kufanele zikhanye ngokuphuzi.
- Izinkomba zendlela ezilambuni ezimotweni zase-US nazo zingamalambu okumisa. Nathi, kufanele bahlukane,” kunezela udokotela ohlola izifo. Udinga futhi ukufaka isibani senkungu ngemuva, esingatholakali ezimotweni zaseMelika.
Izindleko zazo zonke izinguquko zinzima ukunquma, ngoba zincike kububanzi besicelo sabo kanye nemodeli yemoto. Ungakhokha kokubili ama-zloty angu-500 nezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamazloty.
“Kodwa kungase kuvele ukuthi imoto ethengiwe yangeniswa e-US ivela eCanada futhi ngaleyo ndlela ihambisana nemithetho yasePoland,” kuphawula uPiotr Nalevayko waseKonrys.
Imali yokuhumusha nokucubungula
Ngaphambi kokuxhumana nomnyango wezokuxhumana - i-county starost noma ihhovisi ledolobha - kufanele uhumushe wonke amadokhumenti ngolimi lwangaphandle ngosizo lomhumushi ofungelwe. Sizochitha cishe i-PLN 150 kusethi yokuhumusha.
Bheka futhi: Ingabe uyayithenga imoto esetshenzisiwe? Khetha okufanelana nawe
Sikhokha i-PLN 500 ukuze siyikhiphe ku-akhawunti Yesikhwama Sikazwelonke Sokuvikelwa Kwemvelo Nokuphathwa Kwamanzi. Inombolo ye-akhawunti ingatholakala, isibonelo, kusizindalwazi: www.nfosigw.gov.pl. Egameni lokudlulisa, khombisa "imali yokusebenzisa", imodeli kanye nokwakheka kwemoto, inombolo ye-VIN.
“Lokhu kuqinisekisa izindleko zokudiliza imoto esikhathini esizayo,” kuchaza uWitold Maziarz, ummeleli weSikhwama Sikazwelonke Sokuvikelwa Kwemvelo Nokuphathwa Kwamanzi.
ukubhaliswa
Ukuze ubhalise imoto engeniswe isuka e-United States, umnikazi wemoto uthumela isicelo kwabasemagunyeni okubhaliswa (uhulumeni wedolobha onamalungelo e-poviat noma i-poviat headman), esihlanganiswa:
- ubufakazi bobunikazi bemoto (isb. i-invoyisi yokuthenga),
- isitifiketi sokubhaliswa noma enye idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukubhaliswa kwemoto ekhishwe isiphathimandla sokubhaliswa kwemoto e-United States,
- izitsha,
- isenzo ngomphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe bemoto,
- ukuqinisekiswa kokuvunyelwa kwezimpahla eziphuma kwamanye amazwe,
- ukuhunyushwa ngesiPolish ngumhumushi ofungelwe wemibhalo ebhalwe ngolunye ulimi,
- Izimali zokubhalisa imoto - PLN 256.
- Endabeni yokungenisa imoto evela phesheya ngaphandle kwamapuleti elayisensi noma isidingo sokubuyisela lezi zinombolo kuziphathimandla zokubhalisa zezwe lapho imoto ithathwe khona, umnikazi wemoto ufaka isicelo esihambisanayo esikhundleni samapuleti elayisensi - ukhumbula u-Agnieszka Kruszewska, umhloli womnyango wokubhaliswa kwezimoto woMnyango Wezinsizakalo Zokuhlala Bialystok Municipal Administration.
Bheka futhi: Amaveni amancane asetshenziswe 15, 30 kanye 60 ayizinkulungwane. I-PLN - seluleka ukuthi ukhethe ini
Ehhovisi lokubhalisa, ngokushesha sithola amapuleti elayisensi kanye nedokhumenti yokubhalisa yesikhashana (lokho okubizwa ngokuthi idokhumenti yokubhalisa ethambile). Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-30, futhi ekusebenzeni ngisho nangemva kwamasonto amabili, siqoqa okuthiwa isitifiketi sokubhalisa kanzima. Ngaphambi kohambo, ungakhohlwa ukuqinisekisa isikweletu sakho kubantu besithathu.
Umbono - Wojciech Drzewiecki, Samara Institute for Automotive Market Research:
– Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuthenga imoto e-US, udinga ukubala zonke izindleko. Amanani aphansi lapho, kodwa masingakhohlwa mayelana nezokuthutha noma ukuguqulwa ukuze imoto idlule ukuhlolwa ePoland. Kufanele unake izinga lemoto futhi uhlole isimo sayo sobuchwepheshe e-USA. Kuhle ukuba nomuntu omethembayo noma inkampani ezoqinisekisa ukuthi ukhonjiwe umthombo ofuna ukuthenga kuyo imoto. Nokho, kuhlale kunengozi yokuthi okuthile ngeke kunganakwa.
Petr Valchak
Isifinyezo sezindleko:
Ikhomishini ephelele yomthengisi wasePoland: ngokuvamile cishe ama-zloty angu-500 (amadola angamakhulu amaningana) - khona-ke imoto izolethwa ekhelini elishiwo ePoland.
Inkokhelo yenkampani ngokubamba indali kuphela: cishe ama-340 PLN ($ 100-200)
Ukuthutha kwangaphakathi kwemoto, i.e. ukusuka endaweni yokuthenga ukuya echwebeni lase-US: PLN 2300 (approx. USD 669)
Ezokuthutha eziya echwebeni laseBremerhaven:
Ezokuthutha zasolwandle: PLN 2600 (approx. USD 756)
Kwethulwa imoto esitsheni kanye nokusula izinqubo zamasiko kusetshenziswa umlamuli e-Bremerhaven: PLN 1800 (EUR 419 - ngentengo yokuthengisa engu-EUR 1 nge-PLN 4,30 emahhovisi okushintshanisa asePoland)
Inkokhelo ye-toll eJalimane (yemoto ebiza u-30 103200 USD, okungukuthi 3,44 10580 PLN, kuncike ekuthengisweni kwedola ku-PLN 2460 emahhovisi okushintshana ase-Polish): PLN XNUMX (EUR XNUMX)
Inkokhelo ye-VAT eJalimane: PLN 22112 (EUR 5142)
Ukuthuthwa kwezimoto zisuka eJalimane ziye ePoland: PLN 1300.
Inkokhelo yentela ePoland (kucatshangelwa ukuthi imoto inenjini engu-2,5 litre): PLN 19195.
Isitifiketi sokukhululwa ku-VAT-25 ku-VAT: umsebenzi wesitembu yi-PLN 160.
Ezokuthutha eziya echwebeni e-Gdynia:
Ezokuthutha zasolwandle: PLN 3000 (approx. USD 872)
Ukuthuthwa kwemoto ukuya endaweni yokuhlala: PLN 600.
Ukukhokhwa kwentela yempahla ePoland (yemoto enenjini engu-2,5 litre, ebiza u-30 103200 USD, okungukuthi 3,44 10620 zlotys, kuncike ekuthengisweni kwedola ngama-zloty angu-21282 emahhovisi okushintshanisa asePoland): intela yempahla - 31211 - intela yempahla PLN XNUMX XNUMX, VAT - PLN XNUMX XNUMX
Izindleko ngemuva kwezinqubo zamasiko:
Ukulungiswa kokuvumelanisa imoto nemithetho yasePoland: PLN 1000.
Ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe: ngokuvamile i-PLN 158
Ukuhunyushwa kwamadokhumenti ngumhumushi ofungile: PLN 150
Imali yokulahla: PLN 500
Ukubhaliswa: PLN 256
Ulwazi olungeziwe:
Ukudlula kwemoto eBremerhaven - PLN 62611.
Ukudlula kwemoto eGdynia - PLN 70821.
